西藏林芝地区藏猪胃肠道寄生虫病的驱虫效果研究
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摘要
为筛选出治疗藏猪寄生虫病的复合驱虫药,笔者在西藏林芝地区2个养猪场随机选取130头藏猪,分成13组(1组~12组为试验组,13组为对照组),每组10头。将伊维菌素片、阿苯达唑片及吡喹酮片3种药物进行研磨,分别以低、中、高3种剂量与饲料混合对藏猪进行胃肠道寄生虫驱虫试验,并于第10天进行第2次喂药。喂药后0 d、5 d、10 d、15 d分别采集新鲜粪便,采用饱和食盐水漂浮及沉淀法进行虫卵镜检、计数、统计分析,从而筛选出最佳驱虫药物及最佳剂量。结果显示,伊维菌素片、阿苯达唑片、吡喹酮片驱除效果明显,没有副作用,虫卵减少率最高为100%,最低为66.67%,效果甚佳;其中3种药物联合用药时,中、高剂量均能达到良好驱虫效果。试验证明,联合用药对藏猪寄生虫的驱杀效果较为理想,值得推广。
To prevent the harm to local pig industries caused by parasitic disease, 130 Tibetan pigs were randomly selected from two farms in Linzhi Prefecture and divided into 13 equal groups(12 trial groups and 1 control group). Mashed tablets of Ivermectin, albendazole and praziquantel were mixed with the fodder in low, middle and high doses respectively for the prevention of internal deworming at day 0 thand day 10 th. The identification and counting of parasitic eggs were carried out from the fresh fecal samples taken at 0 thd,5 thd,10 thd, and 15 thd after the administration of drugs by using microscopy and saturated brine flotation and precipitation techniques, Finally, the best combination of tested drugs, optimal dose and drug safety was determined by statistical analysis. The results showed that ivermectin, albendazole and praziquantel had good anthelmintic effects with no adverse effects, while the highest reduction rate of worm eggs was up to 100% and the lowest was 66.67% for the tested dewormers. Moreover, all the tested drugs achieved best deworming effects when combined as two or three drugs at a dose rate of middle or high used in this study. This study further proved that the three drugs had efficient security in deworming experiment on Tibetan pigs and great prospects for the future, which provides an important foundation for the prevention of parasitic diseases in future.
To prevent the harm to local pig industries caused by parasitic disease, 130 Tibetan pigs were randomly selected from two farms in Linzhi Prefecture and divided into 13 equal groups(12 trial groups and 1 control group). Mashed tablets of Ivermectin, albendazole and praziquantel were mixed with the fodder in low, middle and high doses respectively for the prevention of internal deworming at day 0 thand day 10 th. The identification and counting of parasitic eggs were carried out from the fresh fecal samples taken at 0 thd,5 thd,10 thd, and 15 thd after the administration of drugs by using microscopy and saturated brine flotation and precipitation techniques, Finally, the best combination of tested drugs, optimal dose and drug safety was determined by statistical analysis. The results showed that ivermectin, albendazole and praziquantel had good anthelmintic effects with no adverse effects, while the highest reduction rate of worm eggs was up to 100% and the lowest was 66.67% for the tested dewormers. Moreover, all the tested drugs achieved best deworming effects when combined as two or three drugs at a dose rate of middle or high used in this study. This study further proved that the three drugs had efficient security in deworming experiment on Tibetan pigs and great prospects for the future, which provides an important foundation for the prevention of parasitic diseases in future.
引文
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[2]Nian-Zhang Zhang,Dong-Hui Zhou,Si-Yang Huang,et al.Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Haemophilus parasuis infection in Tibetan pigs in Tibet[J].Acta Tropica,2014(132):94–97.
[3]强巴央宗,谢庄,田发益.高原藏猪现状与保种策略[J].中国畜牧杂志,2001,37(6):10-11.
[4]边巴次仁.西藏猪囊虫病的流行现状和防治对策[J].当代畜牧,2013(30):13-14.
[5]卢兴波.猪常见胃肠道寄生虫的分类、预防与治疗[J].养殖技术顾问,2013(10):100.
[6]安健,张云卿,赵建庄.阿维菌素驱杀猪疥螨的效果观察[J].甘肃畜牧兽医,2001,31(3):8-9.
[7]安健,赵建庄.阿维菌素驱杀牛疥螨的效果观察[J].甘肃畜牧兽医,2001,31(5):5-6.
[8]安健,王黎霞,赵建庄.阿维菌素驱杀牛体内寄生虫实验[J].中国兽医杂志,2002,38(1):10-11.
[9]Wu,S M,Ciren,D B,et al.First Report of Toxoplasma gondi prevalence in Tibetan Pigs in Tibet,China[J].VectorBorne Zoonotic Disease,2012(12):654-656.
[10]戴荣四,胡仕凤,李芬,等.圈养野生动物体内寄生虫的调查与防治[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2016(3):60-62.
[11]王长新,李春花,雷萌桐,等.伊维菌素片剂对绵羊寄生虫的防治效果观察[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志,2015,15(4):11-12.
[12]米玛顿珠,琼日,普穷,等.西藏工布江达县错高乡藏猪寄生虫调查报告[J].养猪,2000(3):43.