19例山羊瘤胃酸中毒病的造模及诊疗分析
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摘要
对课程实习的19例山羊瘤胃酸中毒的造模及诊疗进行分析和总结。结果发现,以每千克体重40 g玉米面给山羊灌服,既可成功造模又不会发生急性死亡,灌服后6～22 h发病,投服玉米面的最佳时机是晚上19:00～21:00,这样可使多数山羊于次日而非夜间发病,便于诊治。判断造模成功的依据为投服玉米面的病史,瘤胃酸中毒的临床症状及血、粪、尿、瘤胃液pH下降。治疗方案不一,主要为清除瘤胃内容物、纠正酸中毒,配合促进瘤胃蠕动、解除脱水、补充能量及其他对症疗法。学生初次独立诊疗,缺乏临床经验,在治疗方案的选择、用药剂量和治疗技术上参差不齐,存在较多问题导致疗效不一。经过治疗,有16例治愈,3例死亡。
In order to obtain experience and lessons in the diagnosis and treatment of ruminal acidosis in goats.The model of ruminal acidosis was made in 19 goats,and diagnosis and treatment of the disease were performed,analyzed and summarized.The result showed that,feeding the goats with 40 g of corn flour per kilogram of body weight successfully induced rumen acidosis in the goats that would not die acutely.It was found that ruminal acidosis occurred in the goats 6 to 22 hours after feeding,and the best time to feed goats with cornmeal was between 19:00 to 21:00,having them to become sick the next day instead of at night,which would be convenient for diagnosis and treatment.The diagnosis of rumen acidosis is based on the cornmeal taking,clinical symptoms and decrease in pH in the blood,feces,urine,and rumen fluid of the experimental goats.The treatment options by the students varied widely,mainly to eliminate rumen contents,correct acidosis,promote rumen motility,stop dehydration,supply energy and other symptomatic treatments.The students performed independent treatment for the first time,in lack of clinical experience,choice of appropriate treatment and dosage of drugs;which led to many problems that resulted in different curative effects.The final results were that 16 cases were cured with three goats dying.
In order to obtain experience and lessons in the diagnosis and treatment of ruminal acidosis in goats.The model of ruminal acidosis was made in 19 goats,and diagnosis and treatment of the disease were performed,analyzed and summarized.The result showed that,feeding the goats with 40 g of corn flour per kilogram of body weight successfully induced rumen acidosis in the goats that would not die acutely.It was found that ruminal acidosis occurred in the goats 6 to 22 hours after feeding,and the best time to feed goats with cornmeal was between 19:00 to 21:00,having them to become sick the next day instead of at night,which would be convenient for diagnosis and treatment.The diagnosis of rumen acidosis is based on the cornmeal taking,clinical symptoms and decrease in pH in the blood,feces,urine,and rumen fluid of the experimental goats.The treatment options by the students varied widely,mainly to eliminate rumen contents,correct acidosis,promote rumen motility,stop dehydration,supply energy and other symptomatic treatments.The students performed independent treatment for the first time,in lack of clinical experience,choice of appropriate treatment and dosage of drugs;which led to many problems that resulted in different curative effects.The final results were that 16 cases were cured with three goats dying.
引文
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[2]Snyder E,Credille B.Diagnosis and Treatment of Clinical Rumen Acidosis[J].Veterinary Clinics of North A merica Food Animal Practice,2017,33(3):251-253.
[3]Golder H M,Celi P,Rabiee A R,et al.Effects of grain,fructose,and histidine on ruminal p H and fermentation products during an induced subacute acidosis protocol[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(4):1971-1972.
[4]Villot C,Cécile Martin,Meunier B,et al.Relative rumen p Hthresholds to predict subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA)in dairy cows[C].Ecplf.Nantes:Clothilde Villot,2017.
[5]Humphries D J,Reynolds C K.The effect of adding stinging nettle(urtica dioica)haylage to a total mixed ration on performance and rumen function of lactating dairy cows[J].Advances in Animal Biosciences,2010,1(1):1.
[6]Humer E,Kr9ger,I,Neubauer V,et al.Supplementation of a clay mineral-based product modulates plasma metabolomic profile and liver enzymes in cattle fed grain-rich diets[J].Animal.2018 Oct17:1-10.doi:10.1017/S1751731118002665.[Epub ahead of print]
[7]李玉,刘亚,韩春杨,等.动物疾病诊疗课程实习模块教学的研究与实践---以山羊瘤胃酸中毒为例[J].生物学杂志,2017(5):120-123.
[8]汪恩强,黄会岭,李占雷.奶山羊瘤胃酸中毒主要特性的试验研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2000(3):83-85.
[9]唐兆新.兽医内科学实验教程[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2006:83-85.
[10]郑洋.羊瘤胃酸中毒的发病因素、临床症状及治疗方法[J].现代畜牧科技,2017(2):153-154.
[11]陈杖榴.兽医药理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009:153-154.
[12]赖正超,侯文军,李妮娅等.山羊瘤胃酸中毒引起死亡的报告[J].广西畜牧兽医,2017(1):33-34.
[13]王建华.兽医内科学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2011:65-67.