胎儿脑损伤的危险因素
摘要
胎儿脑损伤的危险因素包括母体因素、胎儿因素及胎盘因素,其中母体因素包括妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症、宫内感染等;胎儿因素包括胎儿生长受限(FGR)、单绒毛膜双胎中的复杂性双胎等;胎盘因素包括胎盘早剥。加强发病原因及机制的研究,对预防和降低胎儿脑损伤的发生至关重要。随着胎儿治疗的开展,复杂性单绒毛膜双胎导致的胎儿脑损伤备受关注,胎儿因素中复杂性双胎如双胎输血综合征(TTTS)、双胎之一死亡(SIUD)、选择性胎儿生长受限(s IUGR)等,其脑损伤的发生率明显高于非复杂性双胎。
引文
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[2]Drougia A,Giapros V,Krallis N,et al.Incidence and risk factors for cerebral palsy in infants with perinatal problems:A 15-year review[J].Early Hum Dev,2007,83(8):541-547.
[3]Kulak W,Okurowska-Zawada B,Sienkiewicz D,et al.Risk factors for cerebral palsy in term birth infants[J].Adv Med Sci,2010,55(2):216-221.
[4]Himmelmann K,Ahlin K,Jacobsson B,et al.Risk factors for cerebral palsy in children born at term[J].Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand,2011,90(10):1070-1081.
[5]Moreno-De-Luca A,Ledbetter DH,Martin CL.Genetic[corrected]insights into the causes and classification of[corrected]cerebral palsies[J].Lancet Neurol,2012,11(3):283-292.
[6]Tronnes H,Wilcox AJ,Lie RT,et al.Risk of cerebral palsy in relation to pregnancy disorders and preterm birth:A national cohort study[J].Dev Med Child Neurol,2014,56(8):779-785.
[7]Magee L,Sawchuck D,Synnes A,et al.SOGC Clinical Practice Guideline:Magnesium sulphate for fetal neuroprotection[J].J Obstet Gynaecol Can,2011,33(5):516-529.
[8]Bickford CD,Magee LA,Mitton C,et al.Magnesium sulphate for fetal neuroprotection:A cost-effectiveness analysis[J].BMC Health Serv Res,2013,19(13):527.
[9]Kowalska-Kanka A,Maciejewski T,Niemiec KT.The concentrations of bile acids and erythropoietin in pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis and the state of the fetus and newborn[J].Med Wieku Rozwoj,2013,17(3):232-245.
[10]张丽娟,陈婷,丁依玲.妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症儿缺氧脑损伤的研究[J].实用妇产科杂志,2009,25(11):672-674.
[11]Burd I,Balakrishnan B,Kannan S.Models of fetal brain injury,intrauterine inflammation,and preterm birth[J].Am J Reprod Immunol,2012,67(4):287-294.
[12]Yamada T,Morikawa M,Minakami H,et al.Clinical features of abruptio placentae as a prominent cause of cerebral palsy[J].Early Hum Dev,2012,88(11):861-864.
[13]Rees S,Bocking AD,Harding R.Structure of the fetal sheep brain in experimental growth retardation[J].J Dev Physiol,1988,10(3):211-225.
[14]Hack KE,Koopman-Esseboom C,Derks JB,et al.Long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of monochorionic and matched dichorionic twins[J].PLo S One,2009,4(8):e6815.
[15]Glinianaia SV,Obeysekera MA,Sturgiss S,et al.Stillbirth and neonatal mortality in monochorionic and dichorionic twins:A population-based study[J].Hum Reprod,2011,26(9):2549-2557.
[16]Fichera A,Zambolo C,Accorsi P,et al.Perinatal outcome and neurological follow up of the cotwins in twin pregnancies complicated by single intrauterine death[J].Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol,2009,147(1):37-40.
[17]Lopriore E,Slaghekke F,Vandenbussche FP,et al.Cerebral injury in monochorionic twins with selective intrauterine growth restriction and/or birthweight discordance[J].Am J Obstet Gynecol,2008,199(6):628.e1-5.
[18]van Klink JM,Koopman HM,Oepkes D,et al.Long-term neurodevelopmental outcome in monochorionic twins after fetal therapy[J].Early Hum Dev,2011,87(9):601-606.
[19]Gratacos E,Lewi L,Munoz B,et al.A classification system for selective intrauterine growth restriction in monochorionic pregnancies according to umbilical artery Doppler flow in the smaller twin[J].Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol,2007,30(1):28-34.
[20]Chaveeva P,Poon LC,Sotiriadis A,et al.Optimal method and timing of intrauterine intervention in twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence:Case study and meta-analysis[J].Fetal Diagn Ther,2014,35(4):267-279.
[21]van Klink JM,Koopman HM,van Zwet EW,et al.Cerebral injury and neurodevelopmental impairment after amnioreduction versus laser surgery in twin-twin transfusion syndrome:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Fetal Diagn Ther,2013,33(2):81-89.