高精度编码器细分误差修正方法的研究
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摘要
为了精密测量光电编码器在工作时的细分误差,提高编码器细分精度,提出了一种基于改进遗传算法的光电编码器光栅条纹信号细分误差测量分析方法。阐述了基本遗传算法的原理和实现方案,并进行了算法的改进与优化,利用采集到的离散信号数据,通过改进后的遗传算法对光电信号波形进行参数提取。分析了信号质量对编码器细分误差的影响,根据提取到的信号参数(直流分量,幅值,频率和相位)对光电编码器细分误差进行测量。实验结果表明,通过改进遗传算法提取的信号参数精度高,运算速度快,细分误差峰值为+2.51″和-4.52″。该方法可有效的测量光电编码器细分误差,对编码器信号的补偿与修正具有重要意义。
In order to precisely measure the interpolation error of photoelectric encoder at work and improve the subdivision precision of encoder, the interpolation error measuring analysis method of grating signal in photoelectric encoder based on improved genetic algorithm was proposed. The basic principles of genetic algorithms and implementations were explained. The algorithm was improved and optimized. Using the collected discrete data of signal, the improved genetic algorithm extracted parameters from optical signal waveform. The influence of the signal quality in the encoder interpolation error was analyzed. According to parameters of the extracted signal(DC component, amplitude, frequency and phase), the interpolation error of photoelectric encoder was measured. Experimental results show that parameters of the extracted signal through improved genetic algorithm was precise and speedy in operating. The maximum and the minimum interpolation error were +2.51 and-4.52″. This method can effectively measure the photoelectric encoder interpolation error. It may play an important role in the further research of encoder signals about compensation and correction.
In order to precisely measure the interpolation error of photoelectric encoder at work and improve the subdivision precision of encoder, the interpolation error measuring analysis method of grating signal in photoelectric encoder based on improved genetic algorithm was proposed. The basic principles of genetic algorithms and implementations were explained. The algorithm was improved and optimized. Using the collected discrete data of signal, the improved genetic algorithm extracted parameters from optical signal waveform. The influence of the signal quality in the encoder interpolation error was analyzed. According to parameters of the extracted signal(DC component, amplitude, frequency and phase), the interpolation error of photoelectric encoder was measured. Experimental results show that parameters of the extracted signal through improved genetic algorithm was precise and speedy in operating. The maximum and the minimum interpolation error were +2.51 and-4.52″. This method can effectively measure the photoelectric encoder interpolation error. It may play an important role in the further research of encoder signals about compensation and correction.
引文
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[14] 左洋,龙科慧,刘兵,等.高精度光电编码器莫尔条纹信号质量分析方法[J].红外与激光工程,2015,44(1):260-265.ZUO Y,LONG K H,LIU B,et al.Method of analysis based on quality of Morié fringe signals for high precision optical encoder [J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2015,44(1):260-265.
[15] 李洪,冯长有,丁林辉.光电轴角编码器细分误差动态评估方法[J].传感技术学报,2005,18(4):927-930.LI H,FENG CH Y,DING L H.Dynamic evaluation method for interpolation errors in photoelectric encoder[J].Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2005,18(4):927-930.
[2] 叶盛祥.光电位移精密测量技术[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2003:1-7.YE SH X.Photoelectric Precision Displacement Measuring Technique[M].Chengdu:Science and Technology Press,2003:1-7.
[3] 王显军.光电轴角编码器细分信号误差及精度分析[J].光学精密工程,2012,20(2):379-386.WANG X J.Errors and precision analysis of subdivision signals for photoelectric angle encoders[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2012,20(2):379-386.
[4] 吴永芝,刘义生,万秋华,等.高精度光电编码器动态细分误差测量系统[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2012,42(1):309-313.WU Y ZH,LIU Y SH,WAN Q H,et al.Dynamic interpolation error measuring system for high precision optical encoder[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2012,42(1):309-313.
[5] 孙莹,万秋华,王树洁.小型光电编码器细分误差补偿系统[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2012,26(8):699-704.SUN Y,WAN Q H,WANG SH J.Interpolation error compensation system of mini-type photoelectrical encoder [J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2012,26(8):699-704.
[6] WATANABE T,FUJIMOTO H.Automatic high precision calibration system for angle encoder[C].SPIE,2001,4401:267-274.
[7] FILATOR Y V,AGAPOV M Y,BOURNACHEV M N.Laser goniometer systems for dynamic calibration of optical encoders[C].SPIE,2003,5144:381-390.
[8] 万秋华.莫尔条纹动态细分误差的傅里叶分析评估方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2012,24(6):548-552.WAN Q H.Fourier analysis assessment method for dynamic interpolation error of Moiré fringe[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2012,24(6):548-552.
[9] 冯英翘,万秋华.小型光电编码器细分误差校正方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2013,31(6):1374-1379.FENG Y Q,WAN Q H.Interpolation error calibration method of small photoelectric encoders[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2013,31(6):1374-1379.
[10] 高旭,万秋华,杨守旺,等.提高光电轴角编码器细分精度的改进粒子群算法[J].红外与激光工程,2013,42(6):1508-1513.GAO X,WAN Q H,YANG SH W,et al.Improved PSO algorithms for improving the subdivision accuracy of photoelectric rotary encoder[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2013,42(6):1508-1513.
[11] 葛继科,邱玉辉,吴春明,等.遗传算法研究综述[J].计算机应用研究,2008,25(10):2911-2916.GE J K,QIU Y H,WU CH M,etal.Summary of genetic algorithms research[J].Application Research of Computers,2008,25(10):2911-2916.
[12] 李振辉,李凯,姜美雷,等.Matlab环境下基于遗传算法的正弦波信号参数提取[J].现代电子技术,2013,36(2):119-125.LI ZH H,LI K,JIANG M L,et al.Genetic algorithm based sine wave signal parameter extraction in Matlab environment[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2013,36(2):119-125.
[13] 冯英翘,万秋华,孙莹,等.近似三角波莫尔条纹光电信号的细分误差修正[J].光学学报,2013,33(8):0812001-1-0812001-5.FENG Y Q,WAN Q H,SUN Y,et al.Interpolation error correction of Moire fringe photoelectric signals in the approximate form of triangle wave[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2013,33(8):0812001-1-0812001-5.
[14] 左洋,龙科慧,刘兵,等.高精度光电编码器莫尔条纹信号质量分析方法[J].红外与激光工程,2015,44(1):260-265.ZUO Y,LONG K H,LIU B,et al.Method of analysis based on quality of Morié fringe signals for high precision optical encoder [J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2015,44(1):260-265.
[15] 李洪,冯长有,丁林辉.光电轴角编码器细分误差动态评估方法[J].传感技术学报,2005,18(4):927-930.LI H,FENG CH Y,DING L H.Dynamic evaluation method for interpolation errors in photoelectric encoder[J].Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2005,18(4):927-930.