钢的淬透性预测模型研究进展
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摘要
淬透性预测模型是实现淬透性带宽精确控制的重要工具。回顾了钢的淬透性预测模型发展历程,对比研究了理想临界直径、非线性回归方程、硬度分布函数及人工神经网络等淬透性预测模型实际应用特点,从淬透性系数修正、多模型综合预测预报及其他淬透性影响因素等方面介绍了淬透性预测模型最新研究进展及发展趋势,指出从机理上深入理解和研究材料淬透性的变化规律,是实现淬透性精确预测和控制的基础。
Hardenability prediction model is an important tool to realize precise control of hardenability bandwidth of steels.The development progress of models for hardenability prediction of steels were reviewed,the practical application characteristics of hardenability prediction models such as ideal critical diameter model,nonlinear equation model,hardness distribution model and artificial neural network model were also discussed.The latest research progress and development trend of hardenability prediction models were introduced from the aspects of hardenability coefficient correction,multi-model comprehensive prediction and other factors affecting hardenability.Meanwhile,some future research work was propose to investigate some factors besides chemistry and grain size on hardenability so as to develop a more precise hardenability prediction model.
Hardenability prediction model is an important tool to realize precise control of hardenability bandwidth of steels.The development progress of models for hardenability prediction of steels were reviewed,the practical application characteristics of hardenability prediction models such as ideal critical diameter model,nonlinear equation model,hardness distribution model and artificial neural network model were also discussed.The latest research progress and development trend of hardenability prediction models were introduced from the aspects of hardenability coefficient correction,multi-model comprehensive prediction and other factors affecting hardenability.Meanwhile,some future research work was propose to investigate some factors besides chemistry and grain size on hardenability so as to develop a more precise hardenability prediction model.
引文
[1]项程云.合金结构钢[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998.
[2]章守华.合金钢[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1981.
[3]Grossman M A.Hardenability calculated from chemical compositions[J].Transaction of American Institute of Mining,Metallurgical,and Petroleum Engineers(AIME),1942,150:227-259.
[4]Field J.Calculation of jominy end-quench curve from analysis[J].Metal Progress,1943,143:402-405.
[5]Boyd L C,Field J.Calculation of standard end-quench hardenability curve from chemical compositions and grain size[C]//AISI Contribution to the Metallurgy of Steel.1945,12.
[6]Tartaglia J M,Eldis G T.Core hardenability calculations for carburizing steels[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1984,15(6):1173-1183.
[7]Just E.New formulas for calculating hardenability curves[J].Metal Progress,1969,96(11):871.
[8]Lund T.Measurement and prediction of jominy hardenability[J].Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy,1990,19:227-235.
[9]Andersson K,Kivivuori S,Korhonen A S.Calculation of the hardness distribution in cooled steel products[C]//Materials Science Forum.1994,163:683-688.
[10]Dobrzanski L A,Sitek W.Designing of the chemical composition of constructional alloy steels[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1999,90:467-472.
[11]缪宗华,胡为颖.钢的端淬曲线优化拟合研究[J].金属热处理学报,2000,21(1):57-60.Miao Zonghua,Hu Weiying.Study on optimization modeling of the jominy curves of steels[J].Transactions of Metal Heat Treatment,2000,21(1):57-60.
[12]余柏海.计算淬透性及机械性能的非线性方程[J].钢铁,1985,20(3):40-49.Yu Baihai.Nonlinear equations for calculating hardenability and mechanical property[J].Iron and Steel,1985,20(3):40-49.
[13]宋月鹏,刘国权,刘胜新,等.中碳合金结构钢端淬曲线的非线性方程法模拟[J].材料热处理学报,2004,25(4):85-88.Song Yuepeng,Liu Guoquan,Liu Shengxin,et al.Prediction of jominy end quench curves of medium carbon alloy steels by nonlinear equation method[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2004,25(4):85-88.
[14]金满,连建设,江中浩.描述钢淬透性的一个新数学模型[J].金属学报,2006,42(3):265-272.Jin Man,Lian Jianshe,Jiang Zhonghao.A new mathematical model describing hardenability of steels[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2006,42(3):265-272.
[15]金满,连建设,江中浩.结构钢端淬曲线预测新方法[J].金属学报,2006,42(4):405-410.Jin Man,Lian Jianshe,Jiang Zhonghao.A new method for prediction of jominy curve of structural steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2006,42(4):405-410.
[16]Warde J,Knowles D M.Use of neural networks for alloy design[J].ISIJ International,1999,39(10):1015-1019.
[17]Kong I X,Hodgson P D.The Application of constitutive and artificial neural network models to predict the hot strength of steels[J].ISIJInternational,1999,39(10):991-998.
[18]Dumortier C,Lehert P,Krupa P,et al.Statistical modeling of mechanical properties of microalloyed steels by application of artificial neural networks[C]//Materials Science Forum.1998,284-286(2):393-400.
[19]Vermeulen W G,Wolk P J V D,Weijer A P D,et al.Prediction of Jominy hardness profiles of steels using artificial neural networks[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,1996,5(1):57-63.
[20]Dobrzanski L A,Sitek W.Application of a neural network in modelling of hardenability of constructional steels[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1998,78:59-66.
[21]于庆波,刘相华,王国栋.人工神经网络模型预报汽车齿轮钢淬透性[J].特殊钢,2002,23(1):39-41.Yu Qingbo,Liu Xianghua,Wang Guodong.Atificial neural network model to predict hardenability of gear steel for automobile[J].Special Steel,2002,23(1):39-41.
[22]李泰.基于人工神经网络的齿轮钢窄淬透性预报模型的研究[J].冶金丛刊,2013(4):14-15.Li Tai.Research of gear steel narrow hardenability prediction model based on artificial neural network[J].Metallurgical Collections,2013(4):14-15.
[23]王毛球.合金结构钢的基础与应用研究[D].北京:钢铁研究总院,2001.
[24]曹燕光,徐乐,时捷,等.SAE8620H齿轮钢的淬透性及其预测模型[J].金属热处理,2016,41(2):188-192.Cao Yanguang,Xu Le,Shi Jie,et al.Hardenability and its prediction model of SAE8620H gear steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(2):188-192.
[25]余志刚,王丽娜,徐化岩.一种钢的淬透性通用拟合计算方法:中国,CN103617354.A[P].2014-03-05.
[26]刘锟,刘浏,何平,等.齿轮钢窄淬透性带控制技术[J].钢铁,2015,50(3):73-77.Liu Kun,Liu Liu,He Ping,et al.Investigation on control technology of narrow hardenability band for gear steel[J].Iron and Steel,2015,50(3):73-77.
[27]白宁,刘国权,宋月鹏,等.中碳结构钢淬透性的两种预报方法的比较研究[J].金属热处理,2009,34(2):59-64.Bai Ning,Liu Guoquan,Song Yuepeng,et al.Comparison of two methods for hardenability prediction of medium-carbon structural steels[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2009,34(2):59-64.
[28]宋月鹏,刘国权,刘建涛,等.基于梅尼尔模型端淬试样淬火后组织分布的预报预测[J].金属热处理,2006,31(3):93-95.Song Yuepeng,Liu Guoquan,Liu Jiantao,et al.Prediction of microstructure distribution in quenched jominy specimen by Maynier mathematic model[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2006,31(3):93-95.
[29]张晓,刘国权,宋月鹏,等.淬火钢件冷却速度、显微组织和硬度分布的计算预报[J].钢铁研究学报,2007,19(12):49-52.Zhang Xiao,Liu Guoquan,Song Yuepeng,et al.Prediction of spatial distributions of cooling rate,microstructure and hardness in steel components[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2007,19(12):49-52.
[30]Ishihara Y.Improvement of hardenability and toughness of SCM440with addition of Al[J].Sanyo Technical Report,2013,20:24-31.
[2]章守华.合金钢[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1981.
[3]Grossman M A.Hardenability calculated from chemical compositions[J].Transaction of American Institute of Mining,Metallurgical,and Petroleum Engineers(AIME),1942,150:227-259.
[4]Field J.Calculation of jominy end-quench curve from analysis[J].Metal Progress,1943,143:402-405.
[5]Boyd L C,Field J.Calculation of standard end-quench hardenability curve from chemical compositions and grain size[C]//AISI Contribution to the Metallurgy of Steel.1945,12.
[6]Tartaglia J M,Eldis G T.Core hardenability calculations for carburizing steels[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1984,15(6):1173-1183.
[7]Just E.New formulas for calculating hardenability curves[J].Metal Progress,1969,96(11):871.
[8]Lund T.Measurement and prediction of jominy hardenability[J].Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy,1990,19:227-235.
[9]Andersson K,Kivivuori S,Korhonen A S.Calculation of the hardness distribution in cooled steel products[C]//Materials Science Forum.1994,163:683-688.
[10]Dobrzanski L A,Sitek W.Designing of the chemical composition of constructional alloy steels[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1999,90:467-472.
[11]缪宗华,胡为颖.钢的端淬曲线优化拟合研究[J].金属热处理学报,2000,21(1):57-60.Miao Zonghua,Hu Weiying.Study on optimization modeling of the jominy curves of steels[J].Transactions of Metal Heat Treatment,2000,21(1):57-60.
[12]余柏海.计算淬透性及机械性能的非线性方程[J].钢铁,1985,20(3):40-49.Yu Baihai.Nonlinear equations for calculating hardenability and mechanical property[J].Iron and Steel,1985,20(3):40-49.
[13]宋月鹏,刘国权,刘胜新,等.中碳合金结构钢端淬曲线的非线性方程法模拟[J].材料热处理学报,2004,25(4):85-88.Song Yuepeng,Liu Guoquan,Liu Shengxin,et al.Prediction of jominy end quench curves of medium carbon alloy steels by nonlinear equation method[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2004,25(4):85-88.
[14]金满,连建设,江中浩.描述钢淬透性的一个新数学模型[J].金属学报,2006,42(3):265-272.Jin Man,Lian Jianshe,Jiang Zhonghao.A new mathematical model describing hardenability of steels[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2006,42(3):265-272.
[15]金满,连建设,江中浩.结构钢端淬曲线预测新方法[J].金属学报,2006,42(4):405-410.Jin Man,Lian Jianshe,Jiang Zhonghao.A new method for prediction of jominy curve of structural steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2006,42(4):405-410.
[16]Warde J,Knowles D M.Use of neural networks for alloy design[J].ISIJ International,1999,39(10):1015-1019.
[17]Kong I X,Hodgson P D.The Application of constitutive and artificial neural network models to predict the hot strength of steels[J].ISIJInternational,1999,39(10):991-998.
[18]Dumortier C,Lehert P,Krupa P,et al.Statistical modeling of mechanical properties of microalloyed steels by application of artificial neural networks[C]//Materials Science Forum.1998,284-286(2):393-400.
[19]Vermeulen W G,Wolk P J V D,Weijer A P D,et al.Prediction of Jominy hardness profiles of steels using artificial neural networks[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,1996,5(1):57-63.
[20]Dobrzanski L A,Sitek W.Application of a neural network in modelling of hardenability of constructional steels[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1998,78:59-66.
[21]于庆波,刘相华,王国栋.人工神经网络模型预报汽车齿轮钢淬透性[J].特殊钢,2002,23(1):39-41.Yu Qingbo,Liu Xianghua,Wang Guodong.Atificial neural network model to predict hardenability of gear steel for automobile[J].Special Steel,2002,23(1):39-41.
[22]李泰.基于人工神经网络的齿轮钢窄淬透性预报模型的研究[J].冶金丛刊,2013(4):14-15.Li Tai.Research of gear steel narrow hardenability prediction model based on artificial neural network[J].Metallurgical Collections,2013(4):14-15.
[23]王毛球.合金结构钢的基础与应用研究[D].北京:钢铁研究总院,2001.
[24]曹燕光,徐乐,时捷,等.SAE8620H齿轮钢的淬透性及其预测模型[J].金属热处理,2016,41(2):188-192.Cao Yanguang,Xu Le,Shi Jie,et al.Hardenability and its prediction model of SAE8620H gear steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(2):188-192.
[25]余志刚,王丽娜,徐化岩.一种钢的淬透性通用拟合计算方法:中国,CN103617354.A[P].2014-03-05.
[26]刘锟,刘浏,何平,等.齿轮钢窄淬透性带控制技术[J].钢铁,2015,50(3):73-77.Liu Kun,Liu Liu,He Ping,et al.Investigation on control technology of narrow hardenability band for gear steel[J].Iron and Steel,2015,50(3):73-77.
[27]白宁,刘国权,宋月鹏,等.中碳结构钢淬透性的两种预报方法的比较研究[J].金属热处理,2009,34(2):59-64.Bai Ning,Liu Guoquan,Song Yuepeng,et al.Comparison of two methods for hardenability prediction of medium-carbon structural steels[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2009,34(2):59-64.
[28]宋月鹏,刘国权,刘建涛,等.基于梅尼尔模型端淬试样淬火后组织分布的预报预测[J].金属热处理,2006,31(3):93-95.Song Yuepeng,Liu Guoquan,Liu Jiantao,et al.Prediction of microstructure distribution in quenched jominy specimen by Maynier mathematic model[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2006,31(3):93-95.
[29]张晓,刘国权,宋月鹏,等.淬火钢件冷却速度、显微组织和硬度分布的计算预报[J].钢铁研究学报,2007,19(12):49-52.Zhang Xiao,Liu Guoquan,Song Yuepeng,et al.Prediction of spatial distributions of cooling rate,microstructure and hardness in steel components[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2007,19(12):49-52.
[30]Ishihara Y.Improvement of hardenability and toughness of SCM440with addition of Al[J].Sanyo Technical Report,2013,20:24-31.