喀斯特山地煤矿废弃地几种优势植物的重金属耐性特征
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摘要
对贵阳花溪区麦坪乡煤矿废弃地进行了野外调查,对该地优势植物和土壤进行了采样,测定样品As、Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb和Zn的含量,发现当地优势植物雀稗(Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud.)地上部分Cu含量达到1058.12mg·kg~(-1),转移系数2.89,富集系数16.07。研究了雀稗在铜离子胁迫实验中的根系活力变化和叶绿素浓度变化,雀稗根系活力随实验进行而逐渐降低,铜离子浓度为500μg·mL~(-1)的实验进行到第四周时TTC还原量达到最低值;叶绿素浓度随着铜离子浓度的增加而缓慢降低,进一步确认当地土著植物雀稗对铜离子有一定的耐受性。
A field survey was carried out on the abandoned land of Maiping coal mine wasteland in Huaxi district, Guiyang city,by sampling the dominant species and soil and determining the content of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn. It was found that the content of Cu in the dominant species Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud. reached to 1058.12 mg·kg~(-1). The transfer coefficient was 2.89 and enrichment coefficient was 16.07. Effects of copper ion stress on chlorophyll and root activity in Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud.were studied. Root activity decreased gradually with the experiment. The reduction amount of TTC reached the lowest value at the fourth week after the experiment with copper ion concentration of 500 g·mL~(-1) was carried out. The chlorophyll concentration decreased slowly with the increase of copper ion concentration. It was further confirmed that Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud.was tolerant to copper ion as a native species.
A field survey was carried out on the abandoned land of Maiping coal mine wasteland in Huaxi district, Guiyang city,by sampling the dominant species and soil and determining the content of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn. It was found that the content of Cu in the dominant species Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud. reached to 1058.12 mg·kg~(-1). The transfer coefficient was 2.89 and enrichment coefficient was 16.07. Effects of copper ion stress on chlorophyll and root activity in Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud.were studied. Root activity decreased gradually with the experiment. The reduction amount of TTC reached the lowest value at the fourth week after the experiment with copper ion concentration of 500 g·mL~(-1) was carried out. The chlorophyll concentration decreased slowly with the increase of copper ion concentration. It was further confirmed that Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud.was tolerant to copper ion as a native species.
引文
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[13]张会敏,袁艺,焦慧,等.相思谷尾矿8种定居植物对重金属吸收及富集特性[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(5):886-891.
[14]张春华,毛亮,周培,等.超积累植物与非超积累植物吸收累积重金属的差异性研究[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2009,28(6):592-599.
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[17]卞孝东.浅谈煤矸石的组成特征及综合利用途径[J].矿产保护与利用,2007(5):51-54.
[18]段德超,于明革,施积炎.植物对铅的吸收、转运、累积和解毒机制研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(1):287-290.
[19]何兰兰,角媛梅,王李鸿,等.Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd的超富集植物研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2009,32(11):120-123.
[20]赵磊,罗于洋.我国草本植物中重金属富集超富集植物筛选研究进展[J].草原与草业,2009,21(1):43-47.
[21]徐慧,张银龙.重金属污染废弃地修复植物种类的筛选与评价[J].污染防治技术,2009,22(1):44-48.
[22]束文圣,杨开颜,张志权,等.湖北铜绿山古铜矿冶炼渣植被与优势植物的重金属含量研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2001,7(01):7-12.
[23]BAKER A J M,PROCTOR J.The influence of cadmium,copper,lead,and zinc on the distribution and evolution of metallophytes in British Isles.[J].Plant Systematics and Evolution,1990,173(1/2):91-108.
[24]WENZEl W W,JOCKWER F.Accumulation of heavy metals in plants grown on mineralized soils of the Austrian Alps[J].Environmental Pollution,1999,104:145-155.
[25]聂亚平,王晓维,万进荣,等.几种重金属(Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu)的超富集植物种类及增强植物修复措施研究进展[J].生态科学,2016,35(2):174-182.
[26]陈一萍.重金属超积累植物的研究进展[J].环境科学与管理,2008,33(3):20-24.
[27]廖斌,邓冬梅,杨兵,等.鸭跖草(Commelina communis)对铜的耐性和积累研究[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(6):797-801.
[28]金勇,付庆灵,郑进,等.超积累植物修复铜污染土壤的研究现状[J].中国农业科技导报,2012,14(4):93-100.
[29]WEI Shuhe,ClARK G,DORONIl A A I,et a1.Cd hyperaccumulative characteristics of Australia ecotype Solanum nigrum L.and its implication in screening hyperaccumulator[J].International Journal of Phytoremediation,2013,15(03):199-205.
[30]刘秋香,张沐,杨程.土壤铅污染及其超富集植物研究进展[J].江苏科技信息,2016(5):71-74.
[2]贺泽好,于亚军.复垦煤矸山不同土地利用类型土壤重金属污染评价[J].生态科学,2018,37(1):145-149.
[3]魏勃,刘康怀,覃羽雯,等.矿区重金属污染土壤的植物修复[J].内蒙古环境保护,2006,18(2):21-24.
[4]聂亚平,王晓维,万进荣,等.几种重金属(Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu)的超富集植物种类及增强植物修复措施研究进展[J].生态科学,2016,35(2):174-182.
[5]董彬.中国土壤重金属污染修复研究展望[J].生态科学,2012,31(6):683-687.
[6]鲍桐,廉梅花,孙丽娜,等.重金属污染土壤植物修复研究进展[J],生态环境学报,2008,17(2):408-415.
[7]JIANG Liya YANG Xiaoe,HE Zenli.Growth response and phytoextraction of copper at different levels in soils by Elsholtzia splendens[J].Chemosphere,2004,55(9):1179-1187.
[8]WANG Haiou,SHAN Xiaoquan,WEN Bei,et al.Responses of antioxidative enzymes to accumulation of copper in a copper hyperaccumulator of Commoelina communis[J].Archieves of Environmental Contamination Toxicology,2004,47(2):185-192.
[9]李红艳,唐世荣,郑洁敏.酸模、小头寥和戟叶酸模对铜的耐性和积累特性研究[J].科技通报,2005,21(4):480-484.
[10]郑洁敏,楼丽萍,王世恒,等.一种新发现的铜积累植物-密毛蕨[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(3):507-511.
[11]席磊,王永芬,唐世荣.二氧化碳对铜污染土壤中印度芥菜生长及其铜积累的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(5):381-386.
[12]KRAMER U.Metal hyperaccumulation in plants[J].Plant Biology,2010,61(1):517-534.
[13]张会敏,袁艺,焦慧,等.相思谷尾矿8种定居植物对重金属吸收及富集特性[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(5):886-891.
[14]张春华,毛亮,周培,等.超积累植物与非超积累植物吸收累积重金属的差异性研究[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2009,28(6):592-599.
[15]陈怀满.土壤-植物系统中的重金属污染[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:168-194.
[16]黄长干,邱业先.江西德兴铜矿铜污染状况调查及植物修复研究[J].土壤通报,2004,36(4):629-632.
[17]卞孝东.浅谈煤矸石的组成特征及综合利用途径[J].矿产保护与利用,2007(5):51-54.
[18]段德超,于明革,施积炎.植物对铅的吸收、转运、累积和解毒机制研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(1):287-290.
[19]何兰兰,角媛梅,王李鸿,等.Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd的超富集植物研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2009,32(11):120-123.
[20]赵磊,罗于洋.我国草本植物中重金属富集超富集植物筛选研究进展[J].草原与草业,2009,21(1):43-47.
[21]徐慧,张银龙.重金属污染废弃地修复植物种类的筛选与评价[J].污染防治技术,2009,22(1):44-48.
[22]束文圣,杨开颜,张志权,等.湖北铜绿山古铜矿冶炼渣植被与优势植物的重金属含量研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2001,7(01):7-12.
[23]BAKER A J M,PROCTOR J.The influence of cadmium,copper,lead,and zinc on the distribution and evolution of metallophytes in British Isles.[J].Plant Systematics and Evolution,1990,173(1/2):91-108.
[24]WENZEl W W,JOCKWER F.Accumulation of heavy metals in plants grown on mineralized soils of the Austrian Alps[J].Environmental Pollution,1999,104:145-155.
[25]聂亚平,王晓维,万进荣,等.几种重金属(Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu)的超富集植物种类及增强植物修复措施研究进展[J].生态科学,2016,35(2):174-182.
[26]陈一萍.重金属超积累植物的研究进展[J].环境科学与管理,2008,33(3):20-24.
[27]廖斌,邓冬梅,杨兵,等.鸭跖草(Commelina communis)对铜的耐性和积累研究[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(6):797-801.
[28]金勇,付庆灵,郑进,等.超积累植物修复铜污染土壤的研究现状[J].中国农业科技导报,2012,14(4):93-100.
[29]WEI Shuhe,ClARK G,DORONIl A A I,et a1.Cd hyperaccumulative characteristics of Australia ecotype Solanum nigrum L.and its implication in screening hyperaccumulator[J].International Journal of Phytoremediation,2013,15(03):199-205.
[30]刘秋香,张沐,杨程.土壤铅污染及其超富集植物研究进展[J].江苏科技信息,2016(5):71-74.