槲皮素对节律钟基因的调控研究
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摘要
目的:探讨槲皮素对节律钟基因表达的影响。方法:通过50%的马血清刺激诱导人骨肉瘤U2OS细胞同步化,利用槲皮素处理同步化后的U2OS细胞。进一步利用荧光定量PCR检测节律钟关键基因的变化。利用western blot检测槲皮素对组蛋白乙酰化的影响,并且通过试剂盒测定槲皮素对细胞内氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD+)的影响。通过尼克酰胺和槲皮素同时处理U2OS细胞,利用荧光定量PCR检测节律钟关键基因的变化。结果:U2OS细胞经过槲皮素处理后节律钟关键基因芳烃受体核转位蛋白3(brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1,BMAL1),节律周期蛋白2(Period 2, PER2),孤儿核受体alpha(REV-ERBα)和蓝光受体蛋白1(Cryptochrome 1,CRY1)在转录水平的表达水平有明显的升高。槲皮素处理可以显著降低U2OS细胞的组蛋白乙酰化的水平,并且显著升高U2OS细胞内的氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的水平。进一步研究发现,尼克酰胺(Nicotinamide,NAM)处理完全抑制了槲皮素对节律基因的影响。结论:槲皮素显著地激活了节律钟关键基因的mRNA表达水平,槲皮素对于节律基因的调控依赖于Sirtuins的活性,其机制可能是由于槲皮素增加了细胞内的氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的水平所导致。
Objective: To investigate the effects of quercetin on the cell autonomous circadian rhythm of U2OS cells. Methods:The human U2OS cells were synchronized by 50% horse serum, and treated with DMSO or 200 μmol/L quercetin. The oscillation profiles of key circadian genes were examined by qRT-PCR. The histone acetylation levels were determined by western blot. The cellular levels of NAD+were measured by NAD/NADH Quantitation Colorimetric Kit. U2OS cells were treated with Nicotinamide and quercetin.The expression of circadian genes were examined by qRT-PCR. Results: Quercetin significantly increased the amplitude of the mRNA levels of several key clock components, including BMAL1, CRY1, PER2 and REV-ERBα. Western blot analysis revealed quercetin treatment led to reduced histone acetylation levels. Quercetin dramatically increased cellular NAD~+ levels. Moreover, the Sirtuins inhibitor, NAM, totally blocked the effects of quercetin on the expression of clock genes. Conclusions: Quercetin is a strong activator of circadian clock. The regulation of circadian genes expression by quercetin is totally dependent on Sirtuins activity, which might be due to elevated cellular NAD+levels.
Objective: To investigate the effects of quercetin on the cell autonomous circadian rhythm of U2OS cells. Methods:The human U2OS cells were synchronized by 50% horse serum, and treated with DMSO or 200 μmol/L quercetin. The oscillation profiles of key circadian genes were examined by qRT-PCR. The histone acetylation levels were determined by western blot. The cellular levels of NAD+were measured by NAD/NADH Quantitation Colorimetric Kit. U2OS cells were treated with Nicotinamide and quercetin.The expression of circadian genes were examined by qRT-PCR. Results: Quercetin significantly increased the amplitude of the mRNA levels of several key clock components, including BMAL1, CRY1, PER2 and REV-ERBα. Western blot analysis revealed quercetin treatment led to reduced histone acetylation levels. Quercetin dramatically increased cellular NAD~+ levels. Moreover, the Sirtuins inhibitor, NAM, totally blocked the effects of quercetin on the expression of clock genes. Conclusions: Quercetin is a strong activator of circadian clock. The regulation of circadian genes expression by quercetin is totally dependent on Sirtuins activity, which might be due to elevated cellular NAD+levels.
引文
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[2]Galati G,Moridani MY,Chan TS,et al.Peroxidative metabolism of apigenin and naringenin versus luteolin and quercetin:glutathione oxidation and conjugation[J].Free Radic Biol Med,2001,30(4):370-382
[3]Dower JI,Geleijnse JM,Gijsbers L,et al.Effects of the pure flavonoids epicatechin and quercetin on vascular function and cardiometabolic health:a randomized,double-blind,placebocontrolled,crossover trial[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2015,101(5):914-921
[4]Dower JI,Geleijnse JM,Gijsbers L,et al.Supplementation of the Pure Flavonoids Epicatechin and Quercetin Affects Some Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in(Pre)Hypertensive Adults:A Randomized Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled,Crossover Trial[J].J Nutr,2015,145(7):1459-1463
[5]Hung CH,Chan SH,Chu PM,et al.Quercetin is a potent anti-atherosclerotic compound by activation of SIRT1 signaling under ox LDL stimulation[J].Mol Nutr Food Res,2015,59(10):1905-1917
[6]Yang F,Song L,Wang H,et al.Combination of Quercetin and2-Methoxyestradiol Enhances Inhibition of Human Prostate Cancer LNCa P and PC-3 Cells Xenograft Tumor Growth[J].PLo S One2015,10(5):e0128277
[7]Chondrogianni N,Kapeta S,Chinou I,et al.Anti-ageing and rejuvenating effects of quercetin[J].Exp Gerontol,2010,45(10):763-771
[8]Ogrodnik M,Miwa S,Tchkonia T,et al.Cellular senescence drives age-dependent hepatic steatosis[J].Nat Commun,2017,815691
[9]Schafer MJ,White TA,Iijima K,et al.Cellular senescence mediates fibrotic pulmonary disease[J].Nat Commun,2017,814532
[10]Zhu Y,Tchkonia T,Pirtskhalava T,et al.The Achilles'heel of senescent cells:from transcriptome to senolytic drugs[J].Aging Cell,2015,14(4):644-658
[11]Kondratov RV,Kondratova AA,Gorbacheva VY,et al.Early aging and age-related pathologies in mice deficient in BMAL1,the core component of the circadian clock[J].Gene Dev,2006,20(14):1868-1873
[12]Dubrovsky YV,Samsa WE,Kondratov RV.Deficiency of circadian protein CLOCK reduces lifespan and increases age-related cataract development in mice[J].Aging-Us,2010,2(12):936-944
[13]Chang HC,Guarente L.SIRT1 mediates central circadian control in the SCN by a mechanism that decays with aging[J].Cell,2013,153(7):1448-1460
[14]Sato S,Solanas G,Peixoto FO,et al.Circadian Reprogramming in the Liver Identifies Metabolic Pathways of Aging[J].Cell,2017,170(4):664-677,e611
[15]Yoshino J,Mills KF,Yoon MJ,et al.Nicotinamide mononucleotide,a key NAD(+)intermediate,treats the pathophysiology of diet-and age-induced diabetes in mice[J].Cell Metab,2011,14(4):528-536
[16]Zhang H,Ryu D,Wu Y,et al.NAD(+)repletion improves mitochondrial and stem cell function and enhances life span in mice[J].Science,2016,352(6292):1436-1443
[17]Fang EF,Kassahun H,Croteau DL,et al.NAD(+)Replenishment Improves Lifespan and Healthspan in Ataxia Telangiectasia Models via Mitophagy and DNA Repair[J].Cell Metab,2016,24(4):566-581
[18]Lavu S,Boss O,Elliott PJ,et al.Sirtuins--novel therapeutic targets to treat age-associated diseases[J].Nat Rev Drug Discov,2008,7(10):841-853
[19]Mohawk JA,Green CB,Takahashi JS.Central and peripheral circadian clocks in mammals[J].Annu Rev Neurosci,2012,35445-462
[20]Hawley SA,Ross FA,Chevtzoff C,et al.Use of Cells Expressing gamma Subunit Variants to Identify Diverse Mechanisms of AMPKActivation[J].Cell Metabolism,2010,11(6):554-565
[21]Walker EH,Pacold ME,Perisic O,et al.Structural determinants of phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition by wortmannin,LY294002,quercetin,myricetin,and staurosporine[J].Mol Cell,2000,6(4):909-919
[22]Houtkooper RH,Pirinen E,Auwerx J.Sirtuins as regulators of metabolism and healthspan[J].Nat Rev Mol Cell Bio,2012,13(4):225-238
[23]Asher G,Gatfield D,Stratmann M,et al.SIRT1 regulates circadian clock gene expression through PER2 deacetylation[J].Cell,2008,134(2):317-328
[24]Nakahata Y,Kaluzova M,Grimaldi B,et al.The NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 modulates CLOCK-mediated chromatin remodeling and circadian control[J].Cell,2008,134(2):329-340
[25]Nakahata Y,Sahar S,Astarita G,et al.Circadian control of the NAD+salvage pathway by CLOCK-SIRT1[J].Science,2009,324(5927):654-657
[26]He B,Nohara K,Park N,et al.The Small Molecule Nobiletin Targets the Molecular Oscillator to Enhance Circadian Rhythms and Protect against Metabolic Syndrome[J].Cell Metab,2016,23(4):610-621
[27]Canto C,Houtkooper RH,Pirinen E,et al.The NAD+precursor nicotinamide riboside enhances oxidative metabolism and protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity[J].Cell Metab,2012,15(6):838-847