准噶尔盆地车排子地区白垩纪古地貌及其对沉积的控制
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摘要
为了明确准噶尔盆地车排子地区白垩系砂体展布规律及沉积体系特征,运用印模法与层序地层学相结合的方法,通过建立层序地层格架、目标层选取、残余厚度求取、真厚度校正及地层压实恢复,对车排子地区白垩系进行了古地貌恢复,并分析了古地貌对沉积体系的控制作用。研究表明:车排子地区白垩系沉积时期总体上呈现西北高、东南低特征,西北部为隆起区,是剥蚀尖灭区域;相邻斜坡带呈谷梁相间的地貌特征,并发育侵蚀坡折带、断裂坡折带等不同类型的坡折带,东部—东南部为洼陷区,地形较为平缓;古地貌对沉积的控制主要表现为斜坡带内发育有不同规模、不同类型的坡折带,导致可容纳空间突然增大,控制着扇三角洲的发育,谷梁地貌控制了湖盆的水体范围和相对深度、水动力强弱及物源的搬运通道和卸载场所,使得研究区发育沿岸线近南北向不连续展布的滩坝砂体。
In order to clarify Cretaceous sandbody distribution rule and sedimentary system characteristics in Chepaizi area of Junggar Basin, with the help of the integrated method between impression block and sequence stratigraphy, and moreover by means of establishing the sequence stratigraphic framework, calculation of the residual thickness, true thickness correction and formation compaction restoration, the Cretaceous paleogeomorphology in Chepaizi area was restored, and furthermore the controlling action of the paleogeomorphology on the sedimentary system was analyzed. The study shows that the Cretaceous paleogeomorphology in the study area is generally high in the northwest and low in the southeast, the uplift region is located in the northwest, which is the denuded and pinchout area; the adjacent slope belt is characterized by valley-hill geomorphology, different types of the slope break belt such as erosional and fault ones are developed, the depression zone is located in the east and southeast parts, which terrain is pretty gentle; the control of the paleogeomorphology on the sedimentation is mainly shown in different scales and different types of the slope break belt in the slope belt, thus result in the sudden increase of the accumulating and holding space, and moreover the control of the development of the fan delta, the valley-hill geomorphology dominates the the water range and its relative depth, the hydrodynamic intensity, the transport channel and unloaded site of the material source in the lake basin, which makes the beach-bar sandbody discontinuously distributes along the coastal line from south to north in the study area.
In order to clarify Cretaceous sandbody distribution rule and sedimentary system characteristics in Chepaizi area of Junggar Basin, with the help of the integrated method between impression block and sequence stratigraphy, and moreover by means of establishing the sequence stratigraphic framework, calculation of the residual thickness, true thickness correction and formation compaction restoration, the Cretaceous paleogeomorphology in Chepaizi area was restored, and furthermore the controlling action of the paleogeomorphology on the sedimentary system was analyzed. The study shows that the Cretaceous paleogeomorphology in the study area is generally high in the northwest and low in the southeast, the uplift region is located in the northwest, which is the denuded and pinchout area; the adjacent slope belt is characterized by valley-hill geomorphology, different types of the slope break belt such as erosional and fault ones are developed, the depression zone is located in the east and southeast parts, which terrain is pretty gentle; the control of the paleogeomorphology on the sedimentation is mainly shown in different scales and different types of the slope break belt in the slope belt, thus result in the sudden increase of the accumulating and holding space, and moreover the control of the development of the fan delta, the valley-hill geomorphology dominates the the water range and its relative depth, the hydrodynamic intensity, the transport channel and unloaded site of the material source in the lake basin, which makes the beach-bar sandbody discontinuously distributes along the coastal line from south to north in the study area.
引文
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[10]高艺,姜在兴,李俊杰,等.古地貌恢复及其对滩坝沉积的控制作用:以辽河西部凹陷曙北地区沙四段为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(5):40-46.GAO Yi,JIANG Zaixing,LI Junjie,et al.Restoration of paleogeomorphology and its controlling effect on deposition of beach-bar sandbodies:A case study of the fourth member of Shahejie Formation,Shubei area,Liaohe Western Sag[J].Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(5):40-46.
[11]冯磊,吴伟.井震结合古地貌恢复方法及应用:以辽河滩海西部地区沙一段为例[J].物探化探计算技术,2012,34(3):326-330.FENG Lei,WU Wei.Methods and application of paleotopography reconstruction by integration well data with seismic data:A case study of Sha 1 Member in the west of Liaohe Beach and Sea[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration,2012,34(3):326-330.
[12]周立业,张建民,张岚,等.海上油田中深层滩坝相沉积规律精细刻画及储层预测技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(2):19-25.ZHOU Liye,ZHANG Jianmin,ZHANG Lan,et al.Fine description of the sedimentary laws and reservoir predicting technique for the beach bar facies in the middle and deep layers of the offshore oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(2):19-25.
[13]郭秋麟,米石云,石广仁,等.盆地模拟原理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.GUO Qiulin,MI Shiyun,SHI Guangren,et al.Principles and methods of basin modeling[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1998.
[14]罗群.陆相断陷盆地坡折带成因类型及控砂模式:以南堡凹陷为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,15(6):10-13.LUO Qun.Genetic type and sandbodies controlled model of the slope break belts in the nonmarine faulted basin:Taking Nanpu Depression as an example[J].Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency,2008,15(6):10-13.
[2]陈树光,任建业,吴峰,等.渤中坳陷沙北地区古地貌恢复及其应用[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(2):52-55.CHEN Shuguang,REN Jianye,WU Feng,et al.Palaeogeomorphic recovery and its application in Shabei area,Central Bohai Depression[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(2):52-55.
[3]庞小军,王清斌,杜晓峰,等.渤中凹陷西北缘古近系物源演化及其对储层的影响[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(5):34-41.PANG Xiaojun,WANG Qingbin,DU Xiaofeng,et al.Matter provenance evolution and its influences on palaeoene reservoirs in the northwestern margin of Bozhong Sag[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(5):34-41.
[4]闫海军,何东博,许文壮,等.古地貌恢复及对流体分布的控制作用:以鄂尔多斯盆地高桥区气藏评价阶段为例[J].石油学报,2016,37(12):1483-1494.YAN Haijun,HE Dongbo,XU Wenzhuang,et al.Paleotopography restoration method and its controlling effect on fluid distribution:A case study of the gas reservoir evaluation stage in Gaoqiao,Ordos Basin [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(12):1483-1494.
[5]高崇龙,纪友亮,任影,等.准噶尔盆地石南地区清水河组沉积层序演化分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(5):958-971.GAO Chonglong,JI Youliang,REN Ying,et al.Sedimentary sequence evolution analysis of Qingshuihe Formation in Shinan area of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2016,45(5):958-971.
[6]邢凤存,陆永潮,刘传虎,等.车排子地区构造—古地貌特征及其控砂机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(1):78-83.XING Fengcun,LU Yongchao,LIU Chuanhu,et al.Structural-paleogeomorphologic features of Chepaizi area and mechanism of their control on sandbodies[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2008,29(1):78-83.
[7]李啸,刘海磊,王学勇,等.坡折带砂体成因及分布规律:以准噶尔盆地车排子地区下白垩统清水河组为例[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(1):35-42.LI Xiao,LIU Hailei,WANG Xueyong,et al.Origin and distribution of sandbody in slope break zone:A case study of the Lower Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation in Chepaizi area,Junggar Basin[J].Lithologic Revervoirs,2017,29(1):35-42.
[8]杨勇,陈世悦,向奎,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘车排子地区下白垩统层序地层与沉积演化[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,35(5):20-26.YANG Yong,CHEN Shiyue,XIANG Kui,et al.Sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary evolution of Lower Cretaceous series in Chepaizi area,northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum ( Edition of Natural Sciences),2011,35(5) :20-26.
[9]赵东娜,朱筱敏,董艳蕾,等.准噶尔盆地车排子地区下白垩统层序地层格架及主控因素分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(6):1070-1080.ZHAO Dongna,ZHU Xiaomin,DONG Yanlei.Sequence stratigraphic framework of Lower Cretaceous and its main controlling factors in Chepaizi area,Junggar Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(6):1070-1080.
[10]高艺,姜在兴,李俊杰,等.古地貌恢复及其对滩坝沉积的控制作用:以辽河西部凹陷曙北地区沙四段为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(5):40-46.GAO Yi,JIANG Zaixing,LI Junjie,et al.Restoration of paleogeomorphology and its controlling effect on deposition of beach-bar sandbodies:A case study of the fourth member of Shahejie Formation,Shubei area,Liaohe Western Sag[J].Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(5):40-46.
[11]冯磊,吴伟.井震结合古地貌恢复方法及应用:以辽河滩海西部地区沙一段为例[J].物探化探计算技术,2012,34(3):326-330.FENG Lei,WU Wei.Methods and application of paleotopography reconstruction by integration well data with seismic data:A case study of Sha 1 Member in the west of Liaohe Beach and Sea[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration,2012,34(3):326-330.
[12]周立业,张建民,张岚,等.海上油田中深层滩坝相沉积规律精细刻画及储层预测技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(2):19-25.ZHOU Liye,ZHANG Jianmin,ZHANG Lan,et al.Fine description of the sedimentary laws and reservoir predicting technique for the beach bar facies in the middle and deep layers of the offshore oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(2):19-25.
[13]郭秋麟,米石云,石广仁,等.盆地模拟原理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.GUO Qiulin,MI Shiyun,SHI Guangren,et al.Principles and methods of basin modeling[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1998.
[14]罗群.陆相断陷盆地坡折带成因类型及控砂模式:以南堡凹陷为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,15(6):10-13.LUO Qun.Genetic type and sandbodies controlled model of the slope break belts in the nonmarine faulted basin:Taking Nanpu Depression as an example[J].Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency,2008,15(6):10-13.