家庭环境下食物加工者不适当食品处理行为与食源性疾病的相关性
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摘要
目的分析家庭环境中食物加工者不适当食品处理行为与食源性疾病的相关性,为家庭食源性疾病的预防提供依据。方法以安徽省部分地区年龄≥18岁的1 440个社区居民为调查对象,采用自编调查问卷收集居民过去4周内食源性急性胃肠炎疾病患病数据与日常食品处理行为数据。结果在调查的1 440人中,自报过去4周内患食源性急性胃肠炎者有153人(10.65%)。与食源性疾病有关的不适当的行为有:牛奶在食用前经常未被彻底加热煮沸(OR=3.734,P<0.001);储存在冰箱里的剩余食物再次食用前经常未被彻底加热煮沸(OR=4.645,P<0.001);四季豆未彻底(高温长时间)烹调煮熟(OR=3.046,P<0.001);冷冻在冰箱里的肉类及家禽类食品在烹调前经常未被充分解冻(OR=4.202,P<0.001);剩余饭菜经常未被储存在冰箱(OR=2.779,P<0.001);生熟肉经常共用一个容器(OR=3.324,P<0.001)。结论家庭环境中食物加工者不适当食品处理行为与食源性疾病有关。
Objective To analyze the correlation between family poor food processing behaviors and food-borne diseases,so as to provide basis for prevention of family foodborne diseases. Methods A total of 1 440 participants in community at age of 18 and above selected in Anhui Province were investigated via questionnaire survey and the data of food-borne gastrointestinal diseases and consumers ' inappropriate food processing behaviors in the family environment over the past 4 weeks were obtained. Results In a total of 1 440 subjects,153( 10. 65%) were reported having experienced symptoms of acute gastroenteritis over the past 4 weeks. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the inappropriate behaviors related to food borne diseases were often unheated milk( OR = 3. 734,P < 0. 001),the remaining food stored in the refrigerator and often unheated before being eaten again( OR = 4. 645,P < 0. 001),the not thoroughly cooked green beans( high temperature and longtime)( OR = 3. 046,P < 0. 001),meat and poultry food frozen in the refrigerator and often not fully thawed before being cooked( OR = 4. 202,P < 0. 001),the leftovers which were often not stored in the fridge( OR = 2. 779,P < 0. 001),and the raw meat and cooked meat which were often stored with the same container( OR = 3. 324,P < 0. 001). Conclusion In this paper we confirm that food-borne gastrointestinal diseases are associated with consumers' poor food processing behaviors in the family environment.
Objective To analyze the correlation between family poor food processing behaviors and food-borne diseases,so as to provide basis for prevention of family foodborne diseases. Methods A total of 1 440 participants in community at age of 18 and above selected in Anhui Province were investigated via questionnaire survey and the data of food-borne gastrointestinal diseases and consumers ' inappropriate food processing behaviors in the family environment over the past 4 weeks were obtained. Results In a total of 1 440 subjects,153( 10. 65%) were reported having experienced symptoms of acute gastroenteritis over the past 4 weeks. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the inappropriate behaviors related to food borne diseases were often unheated milk( OR = 3. 734,P < 0. 001),the remaining food stored in the refrigerator and often unheated before being eaten again( OR = 4. 645,P < 0. 001),the not thoroughly cooked green beans( high temperature and longtime)( OR = 3. 046,P < 0. 001),meat and poultry food frozen in the refrigerator and often not fully thawed before being cooked( OR = 4. 202,P < 0. 001),the leftovers which were often not stored in the fridge( OR = 2. 779,P < 0. 001),and the raw meat and cooked meat which were often stored with the same container( OR = 3. 324,P < 0. 001). Conclusion In this paper we confirm that food-borne gastrointestinal diseases are associated with consumers' poor food processing behaviors in the family environment.
引文
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[2]World Health Organization.Estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases[EB/OL].[2018-06-22].http://www.who.int/foodsafety/areas_work/foodborne-diseases/ferg/en/.
[3]Chen Y,Yan WX,Zhou YJ,et al.Burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness in China:a population-based survey[J].BMC Public Health,2013,13(1):456.
[4]周文敏.一起因蔬菜农药残留导致的食物中毒调查[J].江苏预防医学,2007,18(4):39-40.
[5]张耘.两起四季豆引起食物中毒事件的调查[J].上海预防医学,2011,23(7):349.
[6]刘亦新,王华伟.一起生吃海鲜引起的食物中毒调查报告[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2013,24(1):109-110.
[7]唐跃军.一起蜡样芽胞杆菌污染剩饭引起食物中毒的调查[J].实用预防医学,2009,16(3):777-778.
[8]陈凤阳,李少雄,刘晓军.一起蜡样芽胞杆菌引起的食物中毒调查[J].江西医药,2010,45(9):934-935.
[9]胡汝源.我国食源性疾病现状及控制策略[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2007,18(3):55-56.
[10]Redmond EC,Griffith CJ.The importance of hygiene in the domestic kitchen:Implications for preparation and storage of food and infant formula[J].Perspectives in Public Health,2009,129(2):69-76.
[11]European Food Safety Authority.The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses,zoonotic agents and foodborne outbreaks in 2009[J].Scientific report of EFSA and ECDC European Food Safety Authority Journal,2011,9(3):287.
[12]Adikari AMNT,Fathima Rizana MS,Priyanwada Amarasekara T.Food safety practices in a teaching hospital in Sri Lanka[J].Procedia Food Science,2016,6:65-67.
[13]Nesbitt A,Majowicz S,Finley R,et al.High-Risk food consumption and food safety practices in a Canadian community[J].Journal of Food Protection,2009,72(12):2575-2586.
[14]刘爽,李骏,龚晨睿,等.湖北省急性胃肠炎人群分布及影响因素分析[J].华中科技大学学报(医学版),2016,45(3):335-339.
[15]Farahat MF,El-Shafie MM,Waly MI.Food safety knowledge and practices among Saudi women[J].Food Control,2015,47:427-435.
[16]Daelman J,Jacxsens L,Lahou E,et al.Assessment of the microbial safety and quality of cooked chilled foods and their production process[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology,2013,160(3):193-200.
[17]潘峰,韩林,赵惠玲.2010-2014年北京市大兴区食品中致病菌污染状况[J].职业与健康,2017,33(10):1335-1338.
[18]阎学燕,张春艳,黄淑华,等.2011-2015年河南省开封市部分市售食品中沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌污染状况分析[J].医学动物防治,2017,33(4):393-395.
[19]李小成,马连凯,陈洋,等.2010-2015年南京市食品中微生物污染监测分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(6):1007-1010,1027.
[20]United States Department of Agriculture.Food safety education[EB/OL].[2018-06-22].https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/foodsafety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/leftovers-and-food-safety.
[21]Williams DL,Gerba C,Maxwell S,et al.Assessment of the potential for cross contamination of food products by reusable shopping Bags[J].Food Protection Trends,2011,31(8):508-513.
[22]Mylius SD,Nauta MJ,Havelaar AH.Cross-contamination during food preparation:A mechanistic model applied to chicken-borne Campylobacter[J].Risk Analysis,2007,27(4):803-813.
[23]Wikipedia.Phaseolus vulgaris[EB/OL].[2018-06-22].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaseolus_vulgaris.