益智不同部位营养成分与质量评价
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摘要
对益智不同产地及不同部位的营养成分进行检测分析。主要采用最新颁布的国标法对益智各部位的营养成分检测分析。结果表明:益智叶灰分、色素、粗纤维、蛋白质含量高于同一产地益智的其他部位,分别为3.43、0.369、15.77、6.56 g/100 g;水溶性维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C在所有部位均有检出,脂溶性维生素A、维生素E除益智仁外均有检出,琼中益智叶(叶~(QZ))中V_(B_6)、V_C、V_A、V_E含量高于所有产地益智的其他部位,分别为12.97、13.04、0.901、43.76 mg/100 g;脂肪酸组成分析中保亭益智茎(茎~(BT))的饱和脂肪酸∶单不饱和脂肪酸∶多不饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid∶monounsaturated fatty acid∶polyunsaturated fatty acid,SFA∶MUFA∶PUFA)值为1∶0.62∶0.79,接近中国营养学会的推荐值1∶1∶1,脂肪酸组成分布较均匀;检测24种元素在益智不同部位含量,其中13种元素钾(K)、钠(Na)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)、铬(Cr)、钴(Co)、锡(Sn)、钒(V)为已确认的人体必需元素,且矿质元素在部位、地域间呈现一定差异。通过对益智各部位营养成分分析,以期为益智作为食品、药品、保健品等原料开发提供参考。
To analyze the contents of nutrients of different parts and different producing areas of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.,the contents of nutrients were determined by the latest national standard methods. The results showed that moisture,pigment,crude fiber and protein of leaf were higher than those of other parts of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. in the same producing area,which were 3.43,0.369,15.77,6.56 g/100 g,respectively. Water-soluble vitamin B_1,vitamin B_2,vitamin C in all parts were found,lipophilic vitamin A,vitamin E were found except seed. The contents of V_(B_6),V_C,V_A,V_E in leaf of Qiongzhong(leaf~(QZ))were higher than those of other parts and other producing areas of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.,which were 12.97,13.04,0.901,43.76 mg/100 g,respectively. In the analysis of fatty acid composition,the stem of Baoting(stem~(BT))value of saturated fatty acid:monounsaturated fatty acid:polyunsaturated fatty acid(SFA∶MUFA∶PUFA)was 1∶0.62∶0.79,which was close to 1∶1∶1 recommended by Chinese Nutrition Society,and the fatty acid composition was relatively average. Twenty four kinds of elements in different parts were determined,in which 13 kinds of element potassium(K),sodium(Na),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),manganese(Mn),iron(Fe),zinc(Zn),copper(Cu),nickel(Ni),chromium(Cr),cobalt(Co),tin(Sn),vanadium(V)were essential element of human body. Mineral elements presented a certain of differences in different parts and regions. Through the analysis of nutrients of various parts of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.,it is expected to provide reference for the development of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. as raw materials of food,medicine and dietary supplement.
To analyze the contents of nutrients of different parts and different producing areas of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.,the contents of nutrients were determined by the latest national standard methods. The results showed that moisture,pigment,crude fiber and protein of leaf were higher than those of other parts of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. in the same producing area,which were 3.43,0.369,15.77,6.56 g/100 g,respectively. Water-soluble vitamin B_1,vitamin B_2,vitamin C in all parts were found,lipophilic vitamin A,vitamin E were found except seed. The contents of V_(B_6),V_C,V_A,V_E in leaf of Qiongzhong(leaf~(QZ))were higher than those of other parts and other producing areas of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.,which were 12.97,13.04,0.901,43.76 mg/100 g,respectively. In the analysis of fatty acid composition,the stem of Baoting(stem~(BT))value of saturated fatty acid:monounsaturated fatty acid:polyunsaturated fatty acid(SFA∶MUFA∶PUFA)was 1∶0.62∶0.79,which was close to 1∶1∶1 recommended by Chinese Nutrition Society,and the fatty acid composition was relatively average. Twenty four kinds of elements in different parts were determined,in which 13 kinds of element potassium(K),sodium(Na),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),manganese(Mn),iron(Fe),zinc(Zn),copper(Cu),nickel(Ni),chromium(Cr),cobalt(Co),tin(Sn),vanadium(V)were essential element of human body. Mineral elements presented a certain of differences in different parts and regions. Through the analysis of nutrients of various parts of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.,it is expected to provide reference for the development of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. as raw materials of food,medicine and dietary supplement.
引文
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[23]赵敏.亚油酸及亚油酸甲酯的抗炎作用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012
[2]胡耀华,胡新文,何春生.几种阴生药用植物产销情况调查报告(Ⅱ.砂仁)[J].热带农业科学,2003,23(4):35-40
[3]周昇昇.我国常见保健食品原料抗氧化活性的研究[D].北京:中国疾病预防控制中心,2010
[4]刘红.益智的抗氧化作用及成分研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2006
[5]Wang C,Yuan H,Bao X,et al.Chemical Composition,in vitro Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of the Fruit Essential Oil of A lpinia oxyphylla[J].Asian Journal of Chemistry,2014,26(14):4201-4205
[6]Zhang X,Shi G F,Liu X Z,et al.Anti-ageing effects of protocatechuic acid from Alpinia on spleen and liver antioxidative system of senescent mice.[J].Cell Biochemistry&Function,2011,29(4):342-347
[7]樊伟.益智仁抗氧化和抗肿瘤成分的分离与活性研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2014
[8]高炳淼,魏娜,王勇,等.南药益智废弃物综合利用现状与分析[J].时珍国医国药,2015(6):1473-1475
[9]李洪福,谭银丰,王勇,等.海南益智茎叶中有机酸类化学成分[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(6):96-99
[10]李洪福,谭银丰,王勇,等.益智茎叶中黄酮类化学成分研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2014,26(7):1038-1042
[11]吴德玲,金传山,寇婉青,等.益智不同药用部位成分的比较研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2007,13(4):1-3
[12]赵鸿峥.益智茎叶挥发油及其体外促透作用的研究[D].吉林:吉林农业大学,2017
[13]陈画虹,朱文姬,王冰洁,等.益智不同部位挥发油成分分析[J].中药材,1999(9):460-461
[14]Lichtenthaler H K.Chlorophylls and carotenoids:Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes[J].Methods in Enzymology,1987,148C(1):350-382
[15]杨国龙,毕艳兰,马宇翔,等.甲酯化方法对油脂脂肪酸组成分析的影响[C].中国粮油学会油脂分会第十六届学术年会论文集,2007:78-81
[16]胡玉莉,骆骄阳,胡淑荣,等.天然植物色素在大健康产业中的应用进展[J].中国中药杂志,2017,42(13):2433-2438
[17]佚名.生命元素(5)——维生素B6[J].青年科学,2003(8):32
[18]金鹿,闫素梅,史彬林,等.维生素A抗氧化功能的机制[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(12):3671-3676
[19]李旭玫.茶叶中的矿质元素对人体健康的作用[J].中国茶叶,2002,24(2):30-31
[20]陈银基,鞠兴荣,周光宏.饱和脂肪酸分类与生理功能[J].中国油脂,2008,33(3):35-39
[21]李端,刘帅.全脂奶有助防糖尿病[J].中国食品学报,2014(10):8
[22]魏永生,郑敏燕,耿薇,等.常用动、植物食用油中脂肪酸组成的分析[J].食品科学,2012,33(16):188-193
[23]赵敏.亚油酸及亚油酸甲酯的抗炎作用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012