再谈“胡焕庸线”及农牧交错带
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摘要
本文阐述了"胡焕庸线"的历史背景及研究现状。"胡焕庸线"是在农牧交错带的背景上产生的,其具有内涵多样性、形式非唯一性和数据连续性的特点。农牧交错带始兆于青铜时代西方游牧文化与东方农耕文化的交流和融合,稳定发展于夏、商、周,成型于秦、汉。农牧交错带的功能在于能流、物流、人流的交流,耦合和融合;在于天时、地利、人和的和谐统一;在于资源的永续利用和区内经济、政治、社会的可持续发展。农牧交错带不仅是农田与草地景观各异、汉族与少数民族杂居、草地畜牧业与种植农业并存的地区,更是中华民族的脊梁和龙兴之地。
In this paper,the historical background and present progress of studies on the "Hu Population Line"is described. As a transitional border between agriculture and pasture,the Hu Population Line is considered to be diverse in connotations,non-unique in forms,and consistent in data-time series. This border has occurred since the Bronze Age,with cultural exchanges and ethnic amalgamations between agricultural and nomadic civilizations,undergoing steady developments in the Xia,Shang,and Zhou dynasties,and it was finally formed during the Qin and Han dynasty. The functions of such a transitioning border between agriculture and pasture are in the exchanging,coupling,and merging of energy,matter,and population; in the harmonic unity of historical opportunity,geographic advantages,and peaceful neighborhoods; in the sustainable exploitation of natural resources and the sustainable development of regional economics,politics and societies. The agricultural/pastoral transitional border is not merely a heterogeneous landscape composed of crop fields and pastures,or a mixed residency of Han and minority populations,it is the backbone of Chinese spirit,a place where the Chinese nation rises.
In this paper,the historical background and present progress of studies on the "Hu Population Line"is described. As a transitional border between agriculture and pasture,the Hu Population Line is considered to be diverse in connotations,non-unique in forms,and consistent in data-time series. This border has occurred since the Bronze Age,with cultural exchanges and ethnic amalgamations between agricultural and nomadic civilizations,undergoing steady developments in the Xia,Shang,and Zhou dynasties,and it was finally formed during the Qin and Han dynasty. The functions of such a transitioning border between agriculture and pasture are in the exchanging,coupling,and merging of energy,matter,and population; in the harmonic unity of historical opportunity,geographic advantages,and peaceful neighborhoods; in the sustainable exploitation of natural resources and the sustainable development of regional economics,politics and societies. The agricultural/pastoral transitional border is not merely a heterogeneous landscape composed of crop fields and pastures,or a mixed residency of Han and minority populations,it is the backbone of Chinese spirit,a place where the Chinese nation rises.
引文
[1]杨芳.李克强之问:“胡焕庸线”怎么破?.(2014-11-28)[2017-02-20]http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2014/1128/c1001-26113082.html.Yang F.Premier Li Keqiang’s question:How to break Hu Huanyong line?.ttp://www.gov.cn/xinwerd2014-ll/29/content_2784676.htm,2014-11-28.(in Chinese)
[2]胡焕庸.中国人El之分布:附统计表与密度图.地理学报,1935,2(2):33-74.Hu H Y.Essays on China’s population distribution.Acta Geographica Sinica,1935,2(2):33-74.(in Chinese)
[3]Tien H Y.Demography in China:From zero to now.Population Index,1981,47(4):683-710.
[4]封志明,李鹏.20世纪人口地理学研究进展.地理科学进展,2011,30(2):131-140.Feng Z M,Li P.Review of population geography in the past century.Progress in Geography,2011,30(2):131-140.(in Chinese)
[5]陈明星,李扬,龚颖华,陆大道,张华.胡焕庸线两侧的人口分布与城镇化格局趋势:尝试回答李克强总理之问.地理学报,2016(2):179-193.Chen M X,Li Y,Gong Y H,Lu D D,Zhang H.The population distribution and trend of urbanization pattern on two sides of Hu Huanyong population line:A tentative response to Premier Li Keqiang.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016(2):179-193.(in Chinese)
[6]陆大道,王铮,封志明,曾刚,方创琳,董晓峰,刘盛和,贾绍凤,方一平,孟广文,邓祥征,叶超,曹广忠,杜宏茹,张华,马海涛,陈明星.关于“胡焕庸线能否突破”的学术争鸣.地理研究,2016(5):805-824.Lu D D,Wang Z,Feng Z M,Zeng G,Fang C L,Dong X F,Liu S H,Jia S F,Fang Y P,Meng G W,Deng X Z,Ye C,Cao G Z,Du H R,Zhang H,Ma H T,Chen M X.Academic debates on Hu Huanyong population line.Geographical Research,2016(5):805-824.(in Chinese)
[7]郭华东,王心源,吴炳方,李新武.基于空间信息认知人口密度分界线:“胡焕庸线”.中国科学院院刊,2016(12):1385-1394.Guo H D,Wang X Y,Wu B F,Li X W.Cognizing population density demarcative line(Hu Huanyong-Line)based on space technology.Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016(12):1385-1394.(in Chinese)
[8]王宛斯.揭秘“胡焕庸线”.郭华东:用卫星遥感探讨究竟.卫星与网络,2016(6):16-22.Wang W S.Expose“Hu huanyong line”.Guo Huadong:Using satellite remote sensing to explore.Satellite&Network,2016(6):16-22.(in Chinese)
[9]陈全功,谭忠厚,九次力.“南北分界”与“农牧交错”一席谈.草业科学,2010,27(6):6-12.Chen Q G,Tan Z H,Jiucili.A talk on the north-south border agriculture and animal husbandry ectone.Pratacultural Science,2010,27(10):6-12.(in Chinese)
[10]张剑.中国农牧交错带的计算、模拟和基于GIS的地理表述.兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2006.Zhang J.The computation,the simulation and the geographic description based on GIS for the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2006.(in Chinese)
[11]杨丽娜.基于GIS的中国农牧交错带的预测变化趋势研究.兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2007.Yang L N.The research of the movement trend and forest based on GIS technology for the Chinese ecotone between farming and Animal Husbandry.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2007.(in Chinese)
[12]张剑,柳小妮,谭忠厚,陈全功.基于GIS的中国南北地理气候分界带模拟.兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2012,48(3):28-33.Zhang J,Liu X N,Tan Z H,Chen Q G.Mapping of the north-south demarcation zone in China based on GIS.Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Science),2012,48(3):28-33.(in Chinese)
[13]李文娟.中国农牧交错带及其人口分布研究.兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2011.Li W J.The research on chinese ecotone between agriculture and anmial huasbandy and population ditribution.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2011.(in Chinese)
[14]赵松乔.察北、察盟及锡盟:一个农牧过渡地区的经济地理调查.地理学报,1953,19(1):43-60.Zhao S Q.The Cha Bei,Cha League and Xi League:The economic geographical survey of a agriculture-pastoral transition area.Journal of Geographical Sciences,1953,19(1):43-60.(in Chinese)
[15]傅斯年.傅斯年全集.长沙:湖南教育出版社,2003.Fu S N.The Complete Works of Fu Sinian.Changsha:Hunan Education Press,2003.(in Chinese)
[16]易华.夷夏先后说.北京:民族出版社,2012.Yi H.The history of Yi&Xia.Beijing:Nationalities Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[17]易华.从齐家到二里头:夏文化探索.天赋新论,2000(12):134-137.Yi H.From Qijia to Erlitou:In search of Xia Culture.Tian Fu New Idea,2000(12):134-137.(in Chinese)
[2]胡焕庸.中国人El之分布:附统计表与密度图.地理学报,1935,2(2):33-74.Hu H Y.Essays on China’s population distribution.Acta Geographica Sinica,1935,2(2):33-74.(in Chinese)
[3]Tien H Y.Demography in China:From zero to now.Population Index,1981,47(4):683-710.
[4]封志明,李鹏.20世纪人口地理学研究进展.地理科学进展,2011,30(2):131-140.Feng Z M,Li P.Review of population geography in the past century.Progress in Geography,2011,30(2):131-140.(in Chinese)
[5]陈明星,李扬,龚颖华,陆大道,张华.胡焕庸线两侧的人口分布与城镇化格局趋势:尝试回答李克强总理之问.地理学报,2016(2):179-193.Chen M X,Li Y,Gong Y H,Lu D D,Zhang H.The population distribution and trend of urbanization pattern on two sides of Hu Huanyong population line:A tentative response to Premier Li Keqiang.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016(2):179-193.(in Chinese)
[6]陆大道,王铮,封志明,曾刚,方创琳,董晓峰,刘盛和,贾绍凤,方一平,孟广文,邓祥征,叶超,曹广忠,杜宏茹,张华,马海涛,陈明星.关于“胡焕庸线能否突破”的学术争鸣.地理研究,2016(5):805-824.Lu D D,Wang Z,Feng Z M,Zeng G,Fang C L,Dong X F,Liu S H,Jia S F,Fang Y P,Meng G W,Deng X Z,Ye C,Cao G Z,Du H R,Zhang H,Ma H T,Chen M X.Academic debates on Hu Huanyong population line.Geographical Research,2016(5):805-824.(in Chinese)
[7]郭华东,王心源,吴炳方,李新武.基于空间信息认知人口密度分界线:“胡焕庸线”.中国科学院院刊,2016(12):1385-1394.Guo H D,Wang X Y,Wu B F,Li X W.Cognizing population density demarcative line(Hu Huanyong-Line)based on space technology.Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016(12):1385-1394.(in Chinese)
[8]王宛斯.揭秘“胡焕庸线”.郭华东:用卫星遥感探讨究竟.卫星与网络,2016(6):16-22.Wang W S.Expose“Hu huanyong line”.Guo Huadong:Using satellite remote sensing to explore.Satellite&Network,2016(6):16-22.(in Chinese)
[9]陈全功,谭忠厚,九次力.“南北分界”与“农牧交错”一席谈.草业科学,2010,27(6):6-12.Chen Q G,Tan Z H,Jiucili.A talk on the north-south border agriculture and animal husbandry ectone.Pratacultural Science,2010,27(10):6-12.(in Chinese)
[10]张剑.中国农牧交错带的计算、模拟和基于GIS的地理表述.兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2006.Zhang J.The computation,the simulation and the geographic description based on GIS for the Chinese ecotone between farming and animal husbandry.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2006.(in Chinese)
[11]杨丽娜.基于GIS的中国农牧交错带的预测变化趋势研究.兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2007.Yang L N.The research of the movement trend and forest based on GIS technology for the Chinese ecotone between farming and Animal Husbandry.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2007.(in Chinese)
[12]张剑,柳小妮,谭忠厚,陈全功.基于GIS的中国南北地理气候分界带模拟.兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2012,48(3):28-33.Zhang J,Liu X N,Tan Z H,Chen Q G.Mapping of the north-south demarcation zone in China based on GIS.Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Science),2012,48(3):28-33.(in Chinese)
[13]李文娟.中国农牧交错带及其人口分布研究.兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2011.Li W J.The research on chinese ecotone between agriculture and anmial huasbandy and population ditribution.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2011.(in Chinese)
[14]赵松乔.察北、察盟及锡盟:一个农牧过渡地区的经济地理调查.地理学报,1953,19(1):43-60.Zhao S Q.The Cha Bei,Cha League and Xi League:The economic geographical survey of a agriculture-pastoral transition area.Journal of Geographical Sciences,1953,19(1):43-60.(in Chinese)
[15]傅斯年.傅斯年全集.长沙:湖南教育出版社,2003.Fu S N.The Complete Works of Fu Sinian.Changsha:Hunan Education Press,2003.(in Chinese)
[16]易华.夷夏先后说.北京:民族出版社,2012.Yi H.The history of Yi&Xia.Beijing:Nationalities Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[17]易华.从齐家到二里头:夏文化探索.天赋新论,2000(12):134-137.Yi H.From Qijia to Erlitou:In search of Xia Culture.Tian Fu New Idea,2000(12):134-137.(in Chinese)