不同接触角下接触带巷道顶部剪应力分布特征研究
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摘要
地下开采中接触带巷道围岩剪应力是巷道出现剪切破坏和局部冒落的主要原因,构成矿山开采的重大安全隐患。为控制接触带巷道稳定性,研究了不同接触角下接触带巷道围岩剪应力分布特征。采用三维光弹应力冻结试验法,制作了0°、15°、30°和45°的接触带巷道光弹试验模型,定量分析了不同接触角下接触带巷道顶部在4 000 k N载荷时的剪应力分布特征。试验表明:光弹切片的应力条纹图直观显示了不同接触角下接触带巷道顶部的应力场分布;接触带弹性模量为6.69 GPa的一侧剪应力大小是弹性模量为3.20 GPa一侧的2~10倍,巷道顶部接触带上存在剪应力突变;当载荷一定时,接触带与巷道交界处剪应力值和接触带巷道顶部上最大剪应力值随接触角的增大而增大。研究结果表征了不同接触角下接触带巷道顶部的剪应力分布特征,对实际工程具有一定指导意义。
The shear stress of the contact roadway surrounding rock in underground mining is the main factor for the shear failure and local caving,which constitutes a major safety hidden danger. In order to control the stability of contact roadway,the shear stress distribution characteristics of roadway surrounding rock under different contact angles were studied.Three dimensional photoelastic stress test was adopted to build the contact roadway photoelastic test models with contact angles of 0°,15°,30° and 45°,respectively and to quantitatively analyze the shear stress distribution characteristics at the top of contact roadway with different contact angles under 4 000 kN loading. The results showed that the shear stress distribution characteristics at the top of the contact roadway with different contact angles were transparently presented via observing the stress patterns of photoelastic slice. The elastic modulus of 6.69 GPa has 2~10 times of shear stress value compared with the elastic modulus of 3.20 GPa,and shear stress mutation was found on the contact zone at the top of the roadway. When the load was fixed,the shear stress value at the junction of the contact zone and the roadway,and the maximum shear stress on the top of the contact roadway were increased with the increase of the contact angle. The research results characterized the shear stress distribution at the top of the contact roadway under different contact angles,which is of a certain guiding significance for practical engineering.
The shear stress of the contact roadway surrounding rock in underground mining is the main factor for the shear failure and local caving,which constitutes a major safety hidden danger. In order to control the stability of contact roadway,the shear stress distribution characteristics of roadway surrounding rock under different contact angles were studied.Three dimensional photoelastic stress test was adopted to build the contact roadway photoelastic test models with contact angles of 0°,15°,30° and 45°,respectively and to quantitatively analyze the shear stress distribution characteristics at the top of contact roadway with different contact angles under 4 000 kN loading. The results showed that the shear stress distribution characteristics at the top of the contact roadway with different contact angles were transparently presented via observing the stress patterns of photoelastic slice. The elastic modulus of 6.69 GPa has 2~10 times of shear stress value compared with the elastic modulus of 3.20 GPa,and shear stress mutation was found on the contact zone at the top of the roadway. When the load was fixed,the shear stress value at the junction of the contact zone and the roadway,and the maximum shear stress on the top of the contact roadway were increased with the increase of the contact angle. The research results characterized the shear stress distribution at the top of the contact roadway under different contact angles,which is of a certain guiding significance for practical engineering.
引文
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[16]袁松,王峥峥,周佳媚.隧道地震动力计算边界取值范围研究[J].土木工程学报,2012(11):166-172.Yuan Song,Wang Zhengzheng,Zhou Jiamei.Study on the model boundary determination in tunnel’s earthquake dynamic analysis[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012(11):166-172.
[17]范钦珊.工程力学实验[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Fan Qinshan.Engineering Mechanics Experiment[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
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[2]殷鹏飞.层状复合岩石试样力学特性单轴压缩试验与颗粒流模拟研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2016.Yin Pengfei.Experiment and Particle Flow Simulation on Mechanical Properties of Layered Composite Rock under Uniaxial Compression[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2016.
[3]刘晓云,叶义成,王其虎,等.泊松比对巷道稳定性影响的数值模拟试验研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(12):80-85.Liu Xiaoyun,Ye Yicheng,Wang Qihu,et al.Numerical simulation study on influence of Posson’s ratio on roadway stability[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(12):80-85.
[4]刘晓云,叶义成,刘洋,等.基于未确知测度理论的巷道稳定性评价[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(1):26-31.Liu Xiaoyun,Ye Yicheng,Liu Yang,et al.On the roadway stability and reliability evaluation based on the uncertainty measuring theory[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2017,17(1):26-31.
[5]赵永,杨天鸿.基于遍布节理模型的深埋巷道稳定性分析[J].金属矿山,2016(5):36-41.Zhao Yong,Yang Tianhong.Stability analysis of deep buried tunnel based on ubiquitous-joint model[J].Metal Mine,2016(5):70-74.
[6]张向阳,杨科.回采巷道受力特征倾角效应及支护参数优化研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,9(S1):1645-1651.Zhang Xiangyang,Yang Ke.Effects of the stress characteristics of gateway on the coal seam dip angle and the support parameter optimization[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,9(S1):1645-1651.
[7]魏思祥,宋锦虎,靖洪文.倾斜煤层动压巷道围岩应力分布规律的数值分析[J].金属矿山,2012(3):37-41.Wei Sixiang,Song Jinhu,Jing Hongwen.Numerical analysis of the stress in the surrounding rock of the dynamic pressure tunnel with inclined seams[J].Metal Mine,2012(3):37-41.
[8]李杰,宋春明,胡啸,等.深部巷道围岩变形破坏机制分析[J].岩土力学,2012(S2):365-370.Li Jie,Song Mingchun,Hu Xiao,et al.Analysis of deformation and failure mechanism of surrounding rock for deep underground projects[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012(S2):365-370.
[9]吴梦军,曹兴松,方林.陡倾岩层隧道开挖力学特性研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2014,10(4):823-828.Wu Mengjun,Cao Xingsong,Fang Lin.Research on mechanical behavior for tunnel excavation in steeply inclined strata[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2014,10(4):823-828.
[10]刘少虹,潘俊锋,王书文,等.岩浆岩侵入区巨厚煤层掘进巷道冲击地压机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(11):2699-2711.Liu Shaohong,Pan Junfeng,Wang Shuwen,et al.Study on the rock burst mechanism of heading roadway in thick coal seam in magmatic intrusion area[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(11):2699-2711.
[11]鞠杨,谢和平,郑泽民,等.基于3D打印技术的岩体复杂结构与应力场的可视化方法[J].科学通报,2014,59(32):3109-3119.Ju Yang,Xie Heping,Zheng Zemin,et al.Visualization of the complex structure and stress field inside rock by means of 3D printing technology[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2014,59(32):3109-3119.
[12]周檀君,周国庆,廖波,等.厚砂土层斜井井壁应力分布规律三维光弹性模型试验[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(8):1980-1987.Zhou Tanjun,Zhou Guoqing,Liao Bo,et al.Three-dimensional photoelasticity model test of inclined shaft on stress distribution in thick sand soil layer[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(8):1980-1987.
[13]马长友,翟庆宏.封隔器卡瓦三维光弹性应力分析[J].炼油与化工,2009,20(1):40-43.Ma Changyou,Zhai Qinghong.Three-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis of the packer[J].Refining and Chemical Industry,2009,20(1):40-43.
[14]雷振坤.结构分析数字光测力学[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,2012.Lei Zhenkun.Structural Analysis Digital Photomechanics[M].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology Press,2012.
[15]李斌,杨国标.光弹性-数字散斑相关混合法在光弹条纹主应力分解中的应用[J].实验力学,2013,28(2):180-186.Li Bin,Yang Guobiao.On the application of photoelasticity digital hybrid method in separation of main stress speckle correlation photoelastic fringes[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2013,28(2):180-186.
[16]袁松,王峥峥,周佳媚.隧道地震动力计算边界取值范围研究[J].土木工程学报,2012(11):166-172.Yuan Song,Wang Zhengzheng,Zhou Jiamei.Study on the model boundary determination in tunnel’s earthquake dynamic analysis[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012(11):166-172.
[17]范钦珊.工程力学实验[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Fan Qinshan.Engineering Mechanics Experiment[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[18]佟景伟,李鸿琦.光弹性实验技术及工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.Tong Jingwei,Li Hongqi.Photoelastic Experimental Technology and Engineering Application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.