荒漠-绿洲过渡带土壤温度变化分析
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摘要
根据中国科学院临泽内陆河流域站2004—2014年的土壤温度与气象要素数据,分析了河西走廊中部荒漠-绿洲过渡带土壤温度年内和年际变化规律及主要影响因素。结果表明:土壤温度日变化与月变化大致呈正弦曲线,各层土壤最高、最低温度出现的时间随着土壤深度的增加逐渐推迟;年均土壤温度总体上随着土壤深度的加深先减小后增加;气温是与土壤温度变化相关性最强的气象要素;同时,明确了该区3个特征差异明显的土壤温度层次:020 cm土壤温度活跃层,40 cm土壤温度过渡层和60100 cm土壤温度稳定层,与其他地区结果有所差异。最后,利用相关性分析、多元逐步线性回归方法建立了气象指标与各层土壤温度之间经验预报方程。
In this study,the data of soil temperature and meteorological factors at a station in an inland river basin in Linze from 2004 to 2014 were used to analyze the soil temperature variation and its main affecting factors in the desert-oasis ecotone in central Hexi Corridor. The results showed that both the daily and monthly changes of soil temperature were sine-curve-shaped,and the occurrence time of the highest and lowest temperature in each soil layer was gradually delayed with the increase of soil depth. The average annual soil temperature was generally decreased at first and then increased with the increase of soil depth. The correlation between air temperature and soil temperature was the most significant. Three distinct layers of soil temperature in this region were defined,i. e.,the soil layers of 0-20 cm deep,around 40 cm deep and 60-100 cm deep. Finally,the empirical prediction equations between meteorological indexes and soil temperature of each soil layer were developed using the correlation analysis and the multiple stepwise linear regression.
In this study,the data of soil temperature and meteorological factors at a station in an inland river basin in Linze from 2004 to 2014 were used to analyze the soil temperature variation and its main affecting factors in the desert-oasis ecotone in central Hexi Corridor. The results showed that both the daily and monthly changes of soil temperature were sine-curve-shaped,and the occurrence time of the highest and lowest temperature in each soil layer was gradually delayed with the increase of soil depth. The average annual soil temperature was generally decreased at first and then increased with the increase of soil depth. The correlation between air temperature and soil temperature was the most significant. Three distinct layers of soil temperature in this region were defined,i. e.,the soil layers of 0-20 cm deep,around 40 cm deep and 60-100 cm deep. Finally,the empirical prediction equations between meteorological indexes and soil temperature of each soil layer were developed using the correlation analysis and the multiple stepwise linear regression.
引文
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[14]柳媛普,李耀辉,王胜,等.河西走廊中段干旱荒漠区土壤水热状况初步分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(5):204-208.[Liu Yuanpu,Li Yaohui,Wang Sheng,et al.Soil temperature and water in arid desert area in the midst of Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2011,25(5):204-208.]
[15]Stone P J,Sorensen I B,Jamieson P D.Effect of soil temperature on phenology canopy development biomass and yield of maize in a cool-temperate climate[J].Field Crops Research,1999,63(2):169-178.
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[17]杨丽萍,代海燕,陈素华,等.气候变化对科尔沁沙地木本植物物候期的影响[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(3):518-523.[Yang Liping,Dai Haiyan,Chen Suhua,et al.Effects of climate change on phenophase of woody plants in the Horqin sandy land[J].Arid Zone Research,2017,34(3):518-523.]
[18]张永梅,黄刚,唐立松,等.一年生荒漠植物对土壤氮素的生理响应[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(3):640-647.[Zhang Yongmei,Huang Gang,Tang Lisong,et al.Physiological response of annual desert plants to soil nitrogen[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(3):640-647.]
[19]刘敏国,王士嘉,陆姣云,等.河西走廊藜麦C、N、P生态化学计量学特征对物候期的响应[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(1):192-198.[Liu Minguo,Wang Shijia,Lu Jiaoyun,et al.Response of C,N and P stoichiometry of Chenopodium quinoa to phenological phase in the Hexi Corridor[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(1):192-198.]
[20]钟波元.大气和土壤增温对杉木幼苗地上物候、生长和新近光合产物分配的影响[D].福建:福建师范大学,2017.[Zhong Boyuan.Shoot Phenology,Growth Dynamics and Allocation of Recently Fixed Carbon of Chinese Fir Seedlings in Responses to Simulated Air and Soil Warming[D].Fujian:Fujian Normal University,2017.]
[21]宋小艳,王根绪,冉飞,等.东北大兴安岭演替初期泰加林灌草层典型植物开花物候与生长对模拟暖干化气候的响应[J].植物生态学报,2018,42(5):539-549.[Song Xiaoyan,Wang Genxu,Ran Fei,et al.Flowering phenology and growth of typical shrub grass plants in response to simulated warmer and drier climate in early succession Taiga forests in the Da Hinggan Ling of North-East China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2018,42(5):539-549.]
[22]战昊.白桦根系生长动态及其与温度关系研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2018.[Zhan Hao.Studies on Growth Dynamics of Betula Platyphylla Roots and Its Relationship with Temperature[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Agricultural University,2018.]
[23]Lamberty B B,Wang C K,Gower S T.Spatiotemporal measurement and modeling of stand-level boreal forest soil temperatures[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2005,131:27-40.
[24]张文纲,李述训,庞强强.近45年青藏高原土壤温度的变化特征分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(11):1 151-1 159.[Zhang Wengang,Li Shuxun,Pang Qiangqiang.Variation characteristics of soil temperature over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in the past 45 years[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2008,63(11):1 151-1 159.]
[25]朱宝文,张得元,哈承智,等.青海湖北岸土壤温度变化特征[J].冰川冻土,2010,32(4):844-850.[Zhu Baowen,Zhang Deyuan,Ha Chengzhi,et al.Variation characteristics of the ground temperatures on the northern shore of the Qinghai Lake[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2010,32(4):844-850.]
[26]杨梅学,姚檀栋,丁永建,等.藏北高原土壤温度的日变化[J].环境科学,1999,20(3):6-8.[Yang Meixue,Yao Tandong,Ding Yongjian,et al.The diurnal variation of the soil temperature in the Northern Part of Tibetan Plateau[J].Environmental Science,1999,20(3):6-8.]
[2]胡健,吕一河,傅伯杰,等.祁连山排露沟流域土壤水热与降雨脉动沿海拔梯度变化[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(1):151-160.[Hu Jian,LüYihe,Fu Bojie,et al.Soil hydrothermal variation and rainfall pulses along altitudinal gradient in Pailugou watershed in the Qilian mountain[J].Arid Zone Research,2017,34(1):151-160.]
[3]胡铭,刘志辉,陈凯,等.雪盖影响下季节性冻土消融期的土壤温度特征分析[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(3):39-43.[Hu Ming,Liu Zhihui,Chen Kai,et al.Characteristics of soil temperature analysis under the influence of snow cover in the ablation period of seasonal frozen soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(3):39-43.]
[4]Kang S,Kim S,Oh S,et al.Prediction spatial and temporal patterns of soil temperature based on topography surface cover and air temperature[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2000,136(1/3):173-184.
[5]韩晓.巴丹吉林沙漠腹地土壤温度观测及其变化特征[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.[Han Xiao.Observation and Variation Characteristics of Soil Temperature in the Badain Jaran Desert Hinterland[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2013.]
[6]张慧智,史学正,于东升,等.中国土壤温度的季节性变化及其区域分异研究[J].土壤学报,2009,46(2):227-234.[Zhang Huizhi,Shi Xuezheng,Yu Dongsheng,et al.Easonal and regional variations of soil temperature in china[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2009,46(2):227-234.]
[7]陆晓波,徐海明,孙丞虎,等.中国近50 a地温的变化特征[J].南京气象学院学报,2006,29(5):706-712.[Lu Xiaobo,Xu Haiming,Sun Chenghu,et al.Characteristics of soil temperature variations in China in recent 50 years[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,2006,29(5):706-712.]
[8]赵舒曼,左洪超,卫翔谦,等.干旱区地膜覆盖农田下垫面对东亚气候效应的数值模拟[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(2):143-153.[Zhao Shuman,Zuo Hongchao,Wei Xiangqian,et al.Numerical simulation of climate effect in East Asia by plastic film mulching farmland in arid area[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(2):143-153.]
[9]杨梅学,姚檀栋,Toshio Koike.藏北高原土壤温度的变化特征[J].山地学报,2000,18(1):13-17.[Yang Meixue,Yao Tandong,Toshio Koike.Variation features of soil temperature in Northern Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2000,18(1):13-17.]
[10]Rossi E S,Mendes M C,Junior O P,et al.Agronomics characteritcs of wheat cultivars in response to urea treaded with urease inhibitor in coverage[J].Applied Research&Agrotechnology,2014,6(3):39-46.
[11]高红贝,邵明安.干旱区降雨过程对土壤水分与温度变化影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2011,30(1):41-45.[Gao Hongbei,Shao Ming’an.Effect of rainfall on soil water and soil temperature in arid region[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage,2011,30(1):41-45.]
[12]Wan G N,Yang M X,Wang X J,et al.Variations in soil temperature at BJ site on the central Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2012,9(2):274-285.
[13]高琳,潘志华,杨书运,等.覆膜对旱地马铃薯田土壤温湿度及温室气体排放的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(6):136-141.[Gao Lin,Pan Zhihua,Yang Shuyun,et al.Effect of different plastic film mulching methods on soil temperature-humidity and greenhouse gases emission in the rainfed potato field[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(6):136-141.]
[14]柳媛普,李耀辉,王胜,等.河西走廊中段干旱荒漠区土壤水热状况初步分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(5):204-208.[Liu Yuanpu,Li Yaohui,Wang Sheng,et al.Soil temperature and water in arid desert area in the midst of Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2011,25(5):204-208.]
[15]Stone P J,Sorensen I B,Jamieson P D.Effect of soil temperature on phenology canopy development biomass and yield of maize in a cool-temperate climate[J].Field Crops Research,1999,63(2):169-178.
[16]苗鹭.长春市植物物候对城市地表温度的响应[D].长春:东北师范大学,2009.[Miao Lu.Response of Plant Phenology to Urban Land Surface Temperature in Changchun[D].Changchun:Northeast Normal University,2009.]
[17]杨丽萍,代海燕,陈素华,等.气候变化对科尔沁沙地木本植物物候期的影响[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(3):518-523.[Yang Liping,Dai Haiyan,Chen Suhua,et al.Effects of climate change on phenophase of woody plants in the Horqin sandy land[J].Arid Zone Research,2017,34(3):518-523.]
[18]张永梅,黄刚,唐立松,等.一年生荒漠植物对土壤氮素的生理响应[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(3):640-647.[Zhang Yongmei,Huang Gang,Tang Lisong,et al.Physiological response of annual desert plants to soil nitrogen[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(3):640-647.]
[19]刘敏国,王士嘉,陆姣云,等.河西走廊藜麦C、N、P生态化学计量学特征对物候期的响应[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(1):192-198.[Liu Minguo,Wang Shijia,Lu Jiaoyun,et al.Response of C,N and P stoichiometry of Chenopodium quinoa to phenological phase in the Hexi Corridor[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(1):192-198.]
[20]钟波元.大气和土壤增温对杉木幼苗地上物候、生长和新近光合产物分配的影响[D].福建:福建师范大学,2017.[Zhong Boyuan.Shoot Phenology,Growth Dynamics and Allocation of Recently Fixed Carbon of Chinese Fir Seedlings in Responses to Simulated Air and Soil Warming[D].Fujian:Fujian Normal University,2017.]
[21]宋小艳,王根绪,冉飞,等.东北大兴安岭演替初期泰加林灌草层典型植物开花物候与生长对模拟暖干化气候的响应[J].植物生态学报,2018,42(5):539-549.[Song Xiaoyan,Wang Genxu,Ran Fei,et al.Flowering phenology and growth of typical shrub grass plants in response to simulated warmer and drier climate in early succession Taiga forests in the Da Hinggan Ling of North-East China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2018,42(5):539-549.]
[22]战昊.白桦根系生长动态及其与温度关系研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2018.[Zhan Hao.Studies on Growth Dynamics of Betula Platyphylla Roots and Its Relationship with Temperature[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Agricultural University,2018.]
[23]Lamberty B B,Wang C K,Gower S T.Spatiotemporal measurement and modeling of stand-level boreal forest soil temperatures[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2005,131:27-40.
[24]张文纲,李述训,庞强强.近45年青藏高原土壤温度的变化特征分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(11):1 151-1 159.[Zhang Wengang,Li Shuxun,Pang Qiangqiang.Variation characteristics of soil temperature over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in the past 45 years[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2008,63(11):1 151-1 159.]
[25]朱宝文,张得元,哈承智,等.青海湖北岸土壤温度变化特征[J].冰川冻土,2010,32(4):844-850.[Zhu Baowen,Zhang Deyuan,Ha Chengzhi,et al.Variation characteristics of the ground temperatures on the northern shore of the Qinghai Lake[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2010,32(4):844-850.]
[26]杨梅学,姚檀栋,丁永建,等.藏北高原土壤温度的日变化[J].环境科学,1999,20(3):6-8.[Yang Meixue,Yao Tandong,Ding Yongjian,et al.The diurnal variation of the soil temperature in the Northern Part of Tibetan Plateau[J].Environmental Science,1999,20(3):6-8.]