双倍档变速器动力学
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摘要
使用2个行星齿轮排构建了一种新型自动变速器--双倍档变速器,利用行星齿轮转速能自动调节的特点,实现了驱动力在2个行星齿轮排之间连续传递。每个行星齿轮排的齿圈和太阳轮交替接外啮合齿轮产生2个传动比,从而简单地增加外啮合齿轮数量就可实现8速、12速、16速。使用SIMPACK软件建立了双倍档变速器的2个档位仿真模型,研究起动、换档、制动工况。分析表明,起步时扭矩增长可控,制动时有发动机阻力辅助,效果更佳;换挡策略多样,可以满足不同人群的要求;输出轴不间断换档有线性转速和衰减转速2种形式,为达到转速线性换档而不引起振动冲击的理想效果,需开展深入细致的研究。
A new automatic transmission,double-speed transmission,is constructed by using two planetary-gear sets.Using the characteristics of planetary gears that their speed can be adjusted automatically,the continuous transfer of the driving force between the two planetary gear sets is realized.The alternate meshing of the ring gear of each planetary gear set and the sun gear with the external gears can generate two transmission ratios,so that simply increasing the number of external gears can easily achieve 8-speed,12-speed or 16-speed transmission.With the multi-body dynamics analysis software SIMPACK,a double gear model of the double-speed transmission is set up to simulate the starting,shifting and braking operation conditions.Results show that starting torque increase is controllable; the best braking effects can be reached with the help of engine resistance; various shift strategies can meet the requirements for different people; and successive gear shift can lead to the output shaft changing in linear or nonlinear manner.In order to achieve the ideal effect of the linear shift without shock and vibration,further intensive study is needed.
A new automatic transmission,double-speed transmission,is constructed by using two planetary-gear sets.Using the characteristics of planetary gears that their speed can be adjusted automatically,the continuous transfer of the driving force between the two planetary gear sets is realized.The alternate meshing of the ring gear of each planetary gear set and the sun gear with the external gears can generate two transmission ratios,so that simply increasing the number of external gears can easily achieve 8-speed,12-speed or 16-speed transmission.With the multi-body dynamics analysis software SIMPACK,a double gear model of the double-speed transmission is set up to simulate the starting,shifting and braking operation conditions.Results show that starting torque increase is controllable; the best braking effects can be reached with the help of engine resistance; various shift strategies can meet the requirements for different people; and successive gear shift can lead to the output shaft changing in linear or nonlinear manner.In order to achieve the ideal effect of the linear shift without shock and vibration,further intensive study is needed.
引文
[1]WALKER P D,ZHANG N.Transmission of engine harmonics to synchronizer mechanisms in dual clutch transmissions[J].Journal of Vibration&Acoustics,2014,136(5):216-223.
[2]MASHADI B,MANSOURIAN S M,KAKAEE A H,et al.Control of a twin clutch transmission for smooth gearshifts[J].Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems,2015(ahead-of-print):1-21.
[3]秦大同,刘永刚,胡建军,等.双离合器式自动变速器两离合器起步控制与仿真[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(18):121-127.
[4]赵治国,胡笑天,姜娇龙,等.干式双离合器自动变速器起步滑模变结构协调控制及实时优化[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(24):87-105.
[5]郑坤,金川.汽车手动变速器的优化设计[J].装备制造技术,2013,(8):145-146.
[6]史炎.平行轴行星齿轮变速器结构与仿真[J].汽车实用技术,2015,(7):96-98.
[7]史炎.一种行星齿轮二级变速器[P].中国专利,CN204127220U,2015-01-28.
[8]贾振华,郏国中.基于行星轮的8速自动变速器传动比计算[J].汽车实用技术,2011(9):39-41.
[9]朱敏,刘海鸥,王尔烈,等.减速制动时机械式自动变速器车辆换档控制策略[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(2):110-116.
[2]MASHADI B,MANSOURIAN S M,KAKAEE A H,et al.Control of a twin clutch transmission for smooth gearshifts[J].Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems,2015(ahead-of-print):1-21.
[3]秦大同,刘永刚,胡建军,等.双离合器式自动变速器两离合器起步控制与仿真[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(18):121-127.
[4]赵治国,胡笑天,姜娇龙,等.干式双离合器自动变速器起步滑模变结构协调控制及实时优化[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(24):87-105.
[5]郑坤,金川.汽车手动变速器的优化设计[J].装备制造技术,2013,(8):145-146.
[6]史炎.平行轴行星齿轮变速器结构与仿真[J].汽车实用技术,2015,(7):96-98.
[7]史炎.一种行星齿轮二级变速器[P].中国专利,CN204127220U,2015-01-28.
[8]贾振华,郏国中.基于行星轮的8速自动变速器传动比计算[J].汽车实用技术,2011(9):39-41.
[9]朱敏,刘海鸥,王尔烈,等.减速制动时机械式自动变速器车辆换档控制策略[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(2):110-116.