不同锌源肥料在玉米、水稻生产中的应用效果探究
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摘要
通过水、旱两季作物的大田试验探究非水溶性锌源与水溶性锌源肥料大田应用效果的差异及添加小分子多聚糖对非水溶性锌源肥效释放的影响。试验结果表明:所有锌源肥料都有显著的提质增产效果,增施锌肥后,春玉米增产7.0%～9.4%,中稻增产4.4%～6.7%;春玉米籽粒w(Zn)提高15.7%～36.6%,中稻籽粒w(Zn)提高13.9%～35.2%;产量方面,不同类型锌源肥料的增产效果差异不显著;在籽粒锌含量方面,水溶性锌源明显优于非水溶性锌源;在本研究施用量下小分子多聚糖非水溶性锌源肥料肥效的释放促进效果不显著。
The difference of application effect between water-insoluble zinc source and water-soluble zinc source fertilizer in field and the effect on the release of fertilizer effect of water-insoluble zinc source by adding small molecule polysaccharide are studied by the field experimental of floods and droughts crops. The experimental results show that: all zinc sources have obvious effect of improving quality and increasing yield, after adding zinc fertilizer, the yield increase of spring maize is 7.0%-9.4%, that of medium rice is 4.4%-6.7%; The zinc content of spring maize seed is increased by 15.7%-36.6%, while that of rice seed increased by 13.9%-35.2%; In terms of yield, the yield increase effect of different zinc sources is not significant; The water-soluble zinc source is superior to non-water-soluble zinc source in the content of zinc in seeds; The promoting effect of small molecule polysaccharide on release of fertilizer effect of water-insoluble zinc source is not obvious under the dosage of this study.
The difference of application effect between water-insoluble zinc source and water-soluble zinc source fertilizer in field and the effect on the release of fertilizer effect of water-insoluble zinc source by adding small molecule polysaccharide are studied by the field experimental of floods and droughts crops. The experimental results show that: all zinc sources have obvious effect of improving quality and increasing yield, after adding zinc fertilizer, the yield increase of spring maize is 7.0%-9.4%, that of medium rice is 4.4%-6.7%; The zinc content of spring maize seed is increased by 15.7%-36.6%, while that of rice seed increased by 13.9%-35.2%; In terms of yield, the yield increase effect of different zinc sources is not significant; The water-soluble zinc source is superior to non-water-soluble zinc source in the content of zinc in seeds; The promoting effect of small molecule polysaccharide on release of fertilizer effect of water-insoluble zinc source is not obvious under the dosage of this study.
引文
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[15]冯绪猛,郭九信,王玉雯,等.锌肥品种与施用方法对水稻产量和锌含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(5):1329-1338.
[16]冯绪猛,郭九信,高丽敏,等.氮锌配施对水稻锌的吸收、累积与分配的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2015,38(2):279-287.
[17]郭九信,廖文强,孙玉明,等.锌肥施用方法对水稻产量及籽粒氮锌含量的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2014,28(2):185-192.
[18]李志刚,叶正钱,方云英,等.供锌水平对水稻生长和锌积累和分配的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2003(1):62-67.
[19]郭九信,隋标,商庆银,等.氮锌互作对水稻产量及籽粒氮、锌含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(6):1336-1342.
[20]虞银江,廖海兵,陈文荣,等.水稻吸收、运输锌及其籽粒富集锌的机制[J].中国水稻科学,2012,26(3):365-372.
[21]付力成,王人民,孟杰,等.叶面锌、铁配施对水稻产量、品质及锌铁分布的影响及其品种差异[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(24):5009-5018.
[22]魏义长,白由路,杨俐苹,等.测土推荐施锌对水稻产量结构及土壤有效养分的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2007(2):197-202.
[2]张丹,张卫峰,季玥秀,等.我国中微量元素肥料产业发展现状[J].现代化工,2012,32(5):1-5.
[3]王子腾,耿元波.国内外主要粮食作物对施用锌肥响应的研究进展[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(3):805-816.
[4]王孝忠,田娣,邹春琴.锌肥不同施用方式及施用量对我国主要粮食作物增产效果的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(4):998-1004.
[5]王志强,张丽婷,彭凌馨,等.锌肥对水分逆境下玉米产量形成的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2014,48(6):674-679.
[6]汪洪,金继运,周卫.不同土壤水分供应与施锌对玉米水分代谢的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2004(4):367-373.
[7]张勇强,宋航,薛志伟,等.施用锌肥和硼肥对玉米穗粒性状和品质的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(2):371-378.
[8]甘万祥,高巍,刘红恩,等.锌肥施用量及方式对夏玉米籽粒淀粉含量和产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2014,29(6):202-207.
[9]昝亚玲,王朝辉,毛晖,等.施用硒、锌、铁对玉米和大豆产量与营养品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(1):252-256.
[10]刘敦一,庞丽丽,张伟,等.锌肥施用方式对小麦、玉米产量和籽粒锌含量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014(4):76-80,90.
[11]孙建华,李志洪,李辛,等.高量施锌肥对玉米Zn吸收和积累及产量的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(4):212-215.
[12]康利允,马政华,李红英,等.氮锌配施对玉米干物质积累及产量效应的研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2011(1):34-38.
[13]孔少华,布玉成,赵世利.玉米锌肥施用技术的研究[J].中国农村小康科技,2009(10):65-67.
[14]周斌,张金尧,乙引,等.缺锌对玉米根系发育、生长素含量及生长素转运基因表达的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(5):1352-1358.
[15]冯绪猛,郭九信,王玉雯,等.锌肥品种与施用方法对水稻产量和锌含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(5):1329-1338.
[16]冯绪猛,郭九信,高丽敏,等.氮锌配施对水稻锌的吸收、累积与分配的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2015,38(2):279-287.
[17]郭九信,廖文强,孙玉明,等.锌肥施用方法对水稻产量及籽粒氮锌含量的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2014,28(2):185-192.
[18]李志刚,叶正钱,方云英,等.供锌水平对水稻生长和锌积累和分配的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2003(1):62-67.
[19]郭九信,隋标,商庆银,等.氮锌互作对水稻产量及籽粒氮、锌含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(6):1336-1342.
[20]虞银江,廖海兵,陈文荣,等.水稻吸收、运输锌及其籽粒富集锌的机制[J].中国水稻科学,2012,26(3):365-372.
[21]付力成,王人民,孟杰,等.叶面锌、铁配施对水稻产量、品质及锌铁分布的影响及其品种差异[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(24):5009-5018.
[22]魏义长,白由路,杨俐苹,等.测土推荐施锌对水稻产量结构及土壤有效养分的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2007(2):197-202.