ERCP术后胰腺炎的危险因素及预防措施
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摘要
经内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)是目前胆胰疾病的主要诊疗手段之一,其应用越来越广泛的同时,相关并发症也随之增加,其中ERCP术后急性胰腺炎(PEP)是较常见的并发症之一,如发生重症PEP可危及生命。目前PEP的危险因素尚未明确,且缺乏标准、有效的预防措施以降低其发生率。该文就近年来PEP的危险因素及预防措施的研究进展作一综述。
引文
1 Kochar B,Akshintala VS,Afghani E,et al.Incidence,severity,and mortality of post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic review by using randomized,controlled trials[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2015,81(1):143-149.
2 Chen J,Wang X,Liu X,et al.Risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic[J].Eur J Med Res,2014,19(26):1-7.
3 Iorgulescu A,Sandu I,Turcu F,et al.Post-ERCP acute pancreatitis and its risk factors[J].J Med Life,2013,6(1):109-113.
4 Katsinelos P,Lazaraki G,Chatzimavroudis G,et al.Risk factors for therapeutic ERCP-related complications:an analysis of 2,715 cases performed by a single endoscopist[J].Ann Gastroenterol,2014,27(1):65-72.
5 Christensen M,Matzen P,Schulze S,et al.Complications of ERCP:aprospective study[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2004,60(5):721-731.
6 Freeman ML,DiSario JA,Nelson DB,et al.Risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis:aprospective,multicenter study[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2001,54(4):425-434.
7 DeBenedet AT,Raghunathan TE,Wing JJ,et al.Alcohol use and cigarette smoking as risk factors for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2009,7(3):353-358.e4.
8 Cheon YK,Cho KB,Watkins JL,et al.Frequency and severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis correlated with extent of pancreatic ductal opacification[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2007,65(3):385-393.
9 Matsubara H,Urano F,Kinoshita Y,et al.Analysis of the risk factors for severity in post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:The indication of prophylactic treatments[J].World J Gastrointest Endosc,2017,9(4):189-195.
10 Phillip V,Schwab M,Haf D,et al.Identification of risk factors for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in a high volume center[J].PLoS One,2017,12(5):e177874.
11 Jang SI,Yun GW,Lee DK.Balloon dilation itself may not be a major determinant of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,20(45):16913-16924.
12 Fujisawa T,Kagawa K,Hisatomi K,et al.Is endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation really a risk factor for post-ERCP pancreatitis?[J].World J Gastroenterol,2016,22(26):5909-5916.
13 Attam R,Freeman ML.Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation for large common bile duct stones[J].J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg,2009,16(5):618-623.
14 Heo JH,Kang DH,Jung HJ,et al.Endoscopic sphincterotomy plus large-balloon dilation versus endoscopic sphincterotomy for removal of bile-duct stones[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2007,66(4):720-726.
15 Tsujino T,Kawabe T,Isayama H,et al.Efficacy and safety of low-pressured and short-time dilation in endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for bile duct stone removal[J].J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2008,23(6):867-871.
16 Cennamo V,Fuccio L,Zagari RM,et al.Can early precut implementation reduce endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related complication risk?Metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Endoscopy,2010,42(5):381-388.
17 Gong B,Hao L,Bie L,et al.Does precut technique improve selective bile duct cannulation or increase post-ERCP pancreatitis rate?A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Surg Endosc,2010,24(11):2670-2680.
18 Navaneethan U,Konjeti R,Venkatesh PG,et al.Early precut sphincterotomy and the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography related complications:An updated meta-analysis[J].World J Gastrointest Endosc,2014,6(5):200-208.
19 Aronson N,Flamm CR,Bohn RL,et al.Evidence-based assessment:patient,procedure,or operator factors associated with ERCP complications[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2002,56(6Suppl):S294-S302.
20 Vandervoort J,Soetikno RM,Tham TC,et al.Risk factors for complications after performance of ERCP[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2002,56(5):652-656.
21 Mine T,Morizane T,Kawaguchi Y,et al.Clinical practice guideline for post-ERCP pancreatitis[J].J Gastroenterol,2017,52(9):1013-1022.
22 Murray B,Carter R,Imrie C,et al.Diclofenac reduces the incidence of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography[J].Gastroenterology,2003,124(7):1786-1791.
23 Yang C,Zhao Y,Li W,et al.Rectal nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs administration is effective for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis:An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Pancreatology,2017,17(5):681-688.
24 de Quadros OF,Lima J,Watte G,et al.Prophylaxis of pancreatitis with intravenous ketoprofen in a consecutive population of ERCP patients:a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial[J].Surg Endosc,2017,31(5):2317-2324.
25 Hou YC,Hu Q,Huang J,et al.Efficacy and safety of rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for prophylaxis against post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Sci Rep,2017,7:46650.
26 Puig I,Calvet X,Baylina M,et al.How and when should NSAIDs be used for preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis?A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].PLoS One,2014,9(3):e92922.
27 He XK,Sun LM.Does rectal indomethacin prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis in average-risk patients?[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2017,85(3):687.
28 Inamdar S,Han D,Passi M,et al.Rectal indomethacin is protective against post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk patients but not average-risk patients:a systematic review and metaanalysis[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2017,85(1):67-75.
29 Wan J,Ren Y,Zhu Z,et al.How to select patients and timing for rectal indomethacin to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].BMC Gastroenterol,2017,17(1):43.
30 Barkin JA,Souto EO,Barkin JS.Rectal indomethacin should be used routinely in all patients for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2017,85(3):687-688.
31 Miyatani H,Matsumoto S,Mashima H.Risk factors of postERCP pancreatitis in biliary type Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction in Japanese patients[J].J Dig Dis,2017,18(10):591-597.
32 Choksi NS,Fogel EL,Cote GA,et al.The risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis and the protective effect of rectal indomethacin in cases of attempted but unsuccessful prophylactic pancreatic stent placement[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2015,81(1):150-155.
33 Patai A,Solymosi N,Patai AV.Does rectal indomethacin given for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis increase bleeding after biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy or cardiovascular mortality:Post hoc analysis using prospective clinical trial data[J].Medicine(Baltimore),2014,93(26):e159.
34 毕晓飞,张俊文.不同时期使用生长抑素对预防ERCP术后胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症的作用[J].重庆医学,2014,43(29):3885-3889.
35 Wang ZK,Yang YS,Cai FC,et al.Is prophylactic somatostatin effective to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis or hyperamylasemia?A randomized,placebo-controlled pilot trial[J].Chin Med J(Engl),2013,126(13):2403-2408.
36 Katsinelos P,Fasoulas K,Paroutoglou G,et al.Combination of diclofenac plus somatostatin in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis:a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial[J].Endoscopy,2012,44(1):53-59.
37 Bai Y,Gao J,Zou DW,et al.Prophylactic octreotide administration does not prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].Pancreas,2008,37(3):241-246.
38 Zhang Y,Chen QB,Gao ZY,et al.Meta-analysis:octreotide prevents post-ERCP pancreatitis,but only at sufficient doses[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2009,29(11):1155-1164.
39 Adler DG,Verma D,Hilden K,et al.Dye-free wire-guided cannulation of the biliary tree during ERCP is associated with high success and low complication rates:outcomes in a single operator experience of 822 cases[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,2010,44(3):e57-e62.
40 Savadkoohi S,Shokri J,Savadkoohi H.Evaluation of guide wire cannulation in reduced risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis and facilitated bile duct cannulation[J].Caspian J Intern Med,2012,3(1):368-371.
41 Tse F,Yuan Y,Moayyedi P,et al.Guide wire-assisted cannulation for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Endoscopy,2013,45(8):605-618.
42 Herreros de Tejada A,Calleja JL,Diaz G,et al.Doubleguidewire technique for difficult bile duct cannulation:a multicenter randomized,controlled trial[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2009,70(4):700-709.
43 Xinopoulos D,Bassioukas SP,Kypreos D,et al.Pancreatic duct guidewire placement for biliary cannulation in a singlesession therapeutic ERCP[J].World J Gastroenterol,2011,17(15):1989-1995.
44 Ito K,Fujita N,Noda Y,et al.Can pancreatic duct stenting prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis in patients who undergo pancreatic duct guidewire placement for achieving selective biliary cannulation?A prospective randomized controlled trial[J].J Gastroenterol,2010,45(11):1183-1191.
45 Lee TH,Park DH.Endoscopic prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,28(44):16582-16595.
46 Shi QQ,Ning XY,Zhan LL,et al.Placement of prophylactic pancreatic stents to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in high-risk patients:a meta-analysis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,20(22):7040-7048.
47 Olsson G,Lübbe J,Arnelo U,et al.The impact of prophylactic pancreatic stenting on post-ERCP pancreatitis:A nationwide,register-based study[J].United European Gastroenterol J,2017,5(1):111-118.
48 Yin HK,Wu HE,Li QX,et al.Pancreatic stenting reduces post-ERCP pancreatitis and biliary sepsis in high-risk patients:A randomized,controlled study[J].Gastroenterol Res Pract,2016,2016:9687052.
49 Freeman ML,Overby C,Qi D.Pancreatic stent insertion:consequences of failure and results of a modified technique to maximize success[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2004,59(1):8-14.
50 Freeman ML.Pancreatic stents for prevention of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2007,5(11):1354-1365.
51 王建荣,林缪,张秀华,等.ERCP术后胰腺炎并发危险因素分析及预防措施[J].现代消化及介入诊疗,2015,20(4):399-401.
52 DiMagno MJ,Wamsteker EJ,Maratt J,et al.Do larger periprocedural fluid volumes reduce the severity of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis?[J].Pancreas,2014,43(4):642-647.
53 Elmunzer BJ.Aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation for preventing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:finally on the right track[J].Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2014,12(2):308-310.
54 Wu D,Wan J,Xia L,et al.The efficiency of aggressive hydration with lactated ringer solution for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,2017,51(8):e68-e76.
55 Zhang ZF,Duan ZJ,Wang LX,et al.Aggressive hydration with lactated ringer solution in prevention of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,2017,51(3):e17-e26.
56 Ferreira LE,Topazian MD,Harmsen WS,et al.Dietary approaches following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography:A survey of selected endoscopists[J].World J Gastrointest Endosc,2010,2(12):397-403.
2 Chen J,Wang X,Liu X,et al.Risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic[J].Eur J Med Res,2014,19(26):1-7.
3 Iorgulescu A,Sandu I,Turcu F,et al.Post-ERCP acute pancreatitis and its risk factors[J].J Med Life,2013,6(1):109-113.
4 Katsinelos P,Lazaraki G,Chatzimavroudis G,et al.Risk factors for therapeutic ERCP-related complications:an analysis of 2,715 cases performed by a single endoscopist[J].Ann Gastroenterol,2014,27(1):65-72.
5 Christensen M,Matzen P,Schulze S,et al.Complications of ERCP:aprospective study[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2004,60(5):721-731.
6 Freeman ML,DiSario JA,Nelson DB,et al.Risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis:aprospective,multicenter study[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2001,54(4):425-434.
7 DeBenedet AT,Raghunathan TE,Wing JJ,et al.Alcohol use and cigarette smoking as risk factors for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2009,7(3):353-358.e4.
8 Cheon YK,Cho KB,Watkins JL,et al.Frequency and severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis correlated with extent of pancreatic ductal opacification[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2007,65(3):385-393.
9 Matsubara H,Urano F,Kinoshita Y,et al.Analysis of the risk factors for severity in post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:The indication of prophylactic treatments[J].World J Gastrointest Endosc,2017,9(4):189-195.
10 Phillip V,Schwab M,Haf D,et al.Identification of risk factors for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in a high volume center[J].PLoS One,2017,12(5):e177874.
11 Jang SI,Yun GW,Lee DK.Balloon dilation itself may not be a major determinant of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,20(45):16913-16924.
12 Fujisawa T,Kagawa K,Hisatomi K,et al.Is endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation really a risk factor for post-ERCP pancreatitis?[J].World J Gastroenterol,2016,22(26):5909-5916.
13 Attam R,Freeman ML.Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation for large common bile duct stones[J].J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg,2009,16(5):618-623.
14 Heo JH,Kang DH,Jung HJ,et al.Endoscopic sphincterotomy plus large-balloon dilation versus endoscopic sphincterotomy for removal of bile-duct stones[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2007,66(4):720-726.
15 Tsujino T,Kawabe T,Isayama H,et al.Efficacy and safety of low-pressured and short-time dilation in endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for bile duct stone removal[J].J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2008,23(6):867-871.
16 Cennamo V,Fuccio L,Zagari RM,et al.Can early precut implementation reduce endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related complication risk?Metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Endoscopy,2010,42(5):381-388.
17 Gong B,Hao L,Bie L,et al.Does precut technique improve selective bile duct cannulation or increase post-ERCP pancreatitis rate?A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Surg Endosc,2010,24(11):2670-2680.
18 Navaneethan U,Konjeti R,Venkatesh PG,et al.Early precut sphincterotomy and the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography related complications:An updated meta-analysis[J].World J Gastrointest Endosc,2014,6(5):200-208.
19 Aronson N,Flamm CR,Bohn RL,et al.Evidence-based assessment:patient,procedure,or operator factors associated with ERCP complications[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2002,56(6Suppl):S294-S302.
20 Vandervoort J,Soetikno RM,Tham TC,et al.Risk factors for complications after performance of ERCP[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2002,56(5):652-656.
21 Mine T,Morizane T,Kawaguchi Y,et al.Clinical practice guideline for post-ERCP pancreatitis[J].J Gastroenterol,2017,52(9):1013-1022.
22 Murray B,Carter R,Imrie C,et al.Diclofenac reduces the incidence of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography[J].Gastroenterology,2003,124(7):1786-1791.
23 Yang C,Zhao Y,Li W,et al.Rectal nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs administration is effective for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis:An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Pancreatology,2017,17(5):681-688.
24 de Quadros OF,Lima J,Watte G,et al.Prophylaxis of pancreatitis with intravenous ketoprofen in a consecutive population of ERCP patients:a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial[J].Surg Endosc,2017,31(5):2317-2324.
25 Hou YC,Hu Q,Huang J,et al.Efficacy and safety of rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for prophylaxis against post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Sci Rep,2017,7:46650.
26 Puig I,Calvet X,Baylina M,et al.How and when should NSAIDs be used for preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis?A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].PLoS One,2014,9(3):e92922.
27 He XK,Sun LM.Does rectal indomethacin prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis in average-risk patients?[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2017,85(3):687.
28 Inamdar S,Han D,Passi M,et al.Rectal indomethacin is protective against post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk patients but not average-risk patients:a systematic review and metaanalysis[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2017,85(1):67-75.
29 Wan J,Ren Y,Zhu Z,et al.How to select patients and timing for rectal indomethacin to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].BMC Gastroenterol,2017,17(1):43.
30 Barkin JA,Souto EO,Barkin JS.Rectal indomethacin should be used routinely in all patients for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2017,85(3):687-688.
31 Miyatani H,Matsumoto S,Mashima H.Risk factors of postERCP pancreatitis in biliary type Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction in Japanese patients[J].J Dig Dis,2017,18(10):591-597.
32 Choksi NS,Fogel EL,Cote GA,et al.The risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis and the protective effect of rectal indomethacin in cases of attempted but unsuccessful prophylactic pancreatic stent placement[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2015,81(1):150-155.
33 Patai A,Solymosi N,Patai AV.Does rectal indomethacin given for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis increase bleeding after biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy or cardiovascular mortality:Post hoc analysis using prospective clinical trial data[J].Medicine(Baltimore),2014,93(26):e159.
34 毕晓飞,张俊文.不同时期使用生长抑素对预防ERCP术后胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症的作用[J].重庆医学,2014,43(29):3885-3889.
35 Wang ZK,Yang YS,Cai FC,et al.Is prophylactic somatostatin effective to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis or hyperamylasemia?A randomized,placebo-controlled pilot trial[J].Chin Med J(Engl),2013,126(13):2403-2408.
36 Katsinelos P,Fasoulas K,Paroutoglou G,et al.Combination of diclofenac plus somatostatin in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis:a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial[J].Endoscopy,2012,44(1):53-59.
37 Bai Y,Gao J,Zou DW,et al.Prophylactic octreotide administration does not prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].Pancreas,2008,37(3):241-246.
38 Zhang Y,Chen QB,Gao ZY,et al.Meta-analysis:octreotide prevents post-ERCP pancreatitis,but only at sufficient doses[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2009,29(11):1155-1164.
39 Adler DG,Verma D,Hilden K,et al.Dye-free wire-guided cannulation of the biliary tree during ERCP is associated with high success and low complication rates:outcomes in a single operator experience of 822 cases[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,2010,44(3):e57-e62.
40 Savadkoohi S,Shokri J,Savadkoohi H.Evaluation of guide wire cannulation in reduced risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis and facilitated bile duct cannulation[J].Caspian J Intern Med,2012,3(1):368-371.
41 Tse F,Yuan Y,Moayyedi P,et al.Guide wire-assisted cannulation for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Endoscopy,2013,45(8):605-618.
42 Herreros de Tejada A,Calleja JL,Diaz G,et al.Doubleguidewire technique for difficult bile duct cannulation:a multicenter randomized,controlled trial[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2009,70(4):700-709.
43 Xinopoulos D,Bassioukas SP,Kypreos D,et al.Pancreatic duct guidewire placement for biliary cannulation in a singlesession therapeutic ERCP[J].World J Gastroenterol,2011,17(15):1989-1995.
44 Ito K,Fujita N,Noda Y,et al.Can pancreatic duct stenting prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis in patients who undergo pancreatic duct guidewire placement for achieving selective biliary cannulation?A prospective randomized controlled trial[J].J Gastroenterol,2010,45(11):1183-1191.
45 Lee TH,Park DH.Endoscopic prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,28(44):16582-16595.
46 Shi QQ,Ning XY,Zhan LL,et al.Placement of prophylactic pancreatic stents to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in high-risk patients:a meta-analysis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,20(22):7040-7048.
47 Olsson G,Lübbe J,Arnelo U,et al.The impact of prophylactic pancreatic stenting on post-ERCP pancreatitis:A nationwide,register-based study[J].United European Gastroenterol J,2017,5(1):111-118.
48 Yin HK,Wu HE,Li QX,et al.Pancreatic stenting reduces post-ERCP pancreatitis and biliary sepsis in high-risk patients:A randomized,controlled study[J].Gastroenterol Res Pract,2016,2016:9687052.
49 Freeman ML,Overby C,Qi D.Pancreatic stent insertion:consequences of failure and results of a modified technique to maximize success[J].Gastrointest Endosc,2004,59(1):8-14.
50 Freeman ML.Pancreatic stents for prevention of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis[J].Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2007,5(11):1354-1365.
51 王建荣,林缪,张秀华,等.ERCP术后胰腺炎并发危险因素分析及预防措施[J].现代消化及介入诊疗,2015,20(4):399-401.
52 DiMagno MJ,Wamsteker EJ,Maratt J,et al.Do larger periprocedural fluid volumes reduce the severity of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis?[J].Pancreas,2014,43(4):642-647.
53 Elmunzer BJ.Aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation for preventing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:finally on the right track[J].Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2014,12(2):308-310.
54 Wu D,Wan J,Xia L,et al.The efficiency of aggressive hydration with lactated ringer solution for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,2017,51(8):e68-e76.
55 Zhang ZF,Duan ZJ,Wang LX,et al.Aggressive hydration with lactated ringer solution in prevention of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,2017,51(3):e17-e26.
56 Ferreira LE,Topazian MD,Harmsen WS,et al.Dietary approaches following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography:A survey of selected endoscopists[J].World J Gastrointest Endosc,2010,2(12):397-403.