焊缝X射线图像的数学形态学分析
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摘要
焊接过程中产生的缺陷影响焊缝质量,X射线无损探伤是常用的检测技术手段。针对焊缝X射线图像的缺陷提取问题,提出使用数学形态学分析的技术方案。先用低帽变换处理原始图像,降低背景灰度的同时凸显缺陷区域,然后设置固定阈值分离缺陷区域,最后使用开运算去除干扰,实现缺陷的自动提取。实验结果表明,提出的技术方案合理可行,能够准确分离焊缝X射线图像上的缺陷区域。
Defects formed in welding process affect the quality of weld seam, and X-ray nondestructive testing is a commonly used testing technology. Aiming at the problem of defect extraction from X-ray images of weld seams, a technical scheme using mathematical morphology was proposed. Firstly, the original image was processed by bottom hat transformation,which could reduce the background gray level and highlight the defect area. Then a fixed threshold was set to separate the defect area. Finally, the open operation was used to remove the interference and realize the automatic defect extraction. The experimental results show that the proposed technical scheme is reasonable and feasible, which can accurately separate the defect area in the X-ray image of weld seam.
Defects formed in welding process affect the quality of weld seam, and X-ray nondestructive testing is a commonly used testing technology. Aiming at the problem of defect extraction from X-ray images of weld seams, a technical scheme using mathematical morphology was proposed. Firstly, the original image was processed by bottom hat transformation,which could reduce the background gray level and highlight the defect area. Then a fixed threshold was set to separate the defect area. Finally, the open operation was used to remove the interference and realize the automatic defect extraction. The experimental results show that the proposed technical scheme is reasonable and feasible, which can accurately separate the defect area in the X-ray image of weld seam.
引文
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[2]葛亮,苗瑞,葛秋原,等.窄搭接焊缝涡流信号的特征提取与缺陷识别[J].中国机械工程,2019,30(2):225-229.
[3]周可荥.管板角焊缝渗透检测[J].中国标准化,2018,524(6):255-256.
[4]王冬林,武刚,丰振军,等.镍基合金小径管焊缝超声检测探析[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(21):204-207.
[5]何俊.钢材偏析对球罐焊缝衍射时差法超声检测的影响[J].无损检测,2019,41(1):27-31.
[6]祁玲敏,韩太坤.小径管座角焊缝内部缺陷的检测方法对比分析[J].热加工工艺,2018,47(19):206-209.
[7]敖波,王乃波,何深远,等.小管路焊缝内部缺陷的三维X射线成像[J].焊接学报,2016,37(5):11-14.
[8]高炜欣,胡玉衡,穆向阳,等.埋弧焊X射线焊缝图像缺陷分割检测技术[J].仪器仪表学报,2011,32(6):1216-1225.
[9]杨静.基于X射线图像的焊缝缺陷检测与识别技术[D].太原:中北大学,2008.
[10]王家晨.X射线焊缝图像缺陷自动检测算法研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2018.
[11]Soille P.形态学图像分析原理与应用[M].第二版.王小鹏,译.北京:清华大学出版社,2008:1-3.