高海拔地区电晕放电对染污复合绝缘子表面憎水性的影响
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摘要
复合绝缘子在实际运行中面临各种严酷环境,在高海拔地区空气稀薄,一旦发生电晕放电,带电粒子将对复合绝缘子表面状态产生严重的不良影响,破坏其表面状态,使其表面憎水性下降,丧失优异的防污闪性能。利用不同压强的气体环境模拟不同的海拔进行了不同海拔下交、直流电晕放电对不同染污程度复合绝缘子的影响实验,获取了气压、电压、放电形式等因素对复合绝缘子表面憎水性及憎水性恢复特性的影响规律;并讨论了交流电压作用下,表面污秽对复合绝缘子憎水性及憎水性恢复特性的影响。结果表明:交、直流电晕放电产生的高能粒子造成复合绝缘子表面憎水性不同程度降低,随气压降低或外施电压升高,电晕放电对复合绝缘子表面状态造成的影响程度加深;交流电晕对复合绝缘子表面憎水性的破坏程度远大于正、负极性直流电晕;干燥条件下,表面轻度污秽在一定程度上减弱电晕放电对复合绝缘子表面憎水性的破坏效果。
Composite insulators face a variety of harsh environments in actual operation. The air in high altitude is thin, and once corona discharge occurs, the charged particles will pose seriously adverse effects on the surface state of composite insulators, destroying surface state and causing decline of surface hydrophobicity and loss of excellent performance of anti-pollution flashover. In this paper, different altitudes were simulated with different air pressure. Aging tests of AC and DC corona discharges at different altitudes and different degrees of contamination were performed to obtain the factors affecting hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity recovery characteristics of composite insulators in high altitude areas, such as air pressure, voltage and discharge forms. The effect of contamination on surface under AC corona discharge was studied. According to above test results, high-energy particles generated by AC and DC corona discharges cause reduction of hydrophobicity. With decrease of air pressure or increase of applied voltage, the influence of corona discharge on the surface state of composite insulators is enhanced. The damage degree caused by AC corona is far more serious than those caused by positive and negative polarity DC corona. To some extent, slight contamination on surface weakens the effect of corona discharge on hydrophobicity of composite insulators under dry conditions.
Composite insulators face a variety of harsh environments in actual operation. The air in high altitude is thin, and once corona discharge occurs, the charged particles will pose seriously adverse effects on the surface state of composite insulators, destroying surface state and causing decline of surface hydrophobicity and loss of excellent performance of anti-pollution flashover. In this paper, different altitudes were simulated with different air pressure. Aging tests of AC and DC corona discharges at different altitudes and different degrees of contamination were performed to obtain the factors affecting hydrophobicity and hydrophobicity recovery characteristics of composite insulators in high altitude areas, such as air pressure, voltage and discharge forms. The effect of contamination on surface under AC corona discharge was studied. According to above test results, high-energy particles generated by AC and DC corona discharges cause reduction of hydrophobicity. With decrease of air pressure or increase of applied voltage, the influence of corona discharge on the surface state of composite insulators is enhanced. The damage degree caused by AC corona is far more serious than those caused by positive and negative polarity DC corona. To some extent, slight contamination on surface weakens the effect of corona discharge on hydrophobicity of composite insulators under dry conditions.
引文
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[16]徐志钮,律方成,李嫚,等.椭圆拟合算法在硅橡胶憎水性检测应用中影响因素的研究[J].绝缘材料,2011,44(1):69-73.Xu Zhiniu,LüFangcheng,Li Man,et al.Factors influencing the application of ellipse fitting algorithm in silicone rubber hydrophobicity detection[J].Insulating Materials,2011,44(1):69-73(in Chinese).
[17]申文伟,宋伟,王国利,等.复合绝缘子HTV硅橡胶材料老化特性的研究[J].高压电器,2013(2):1-7.Shen Wenwei,Song Wei,Wang Guoli,et al.Influence of corona discharge on aging characteristics of HTV silicone rubber material[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013(2):1-7(in Chinese).
[18]袁检,张建荣,吴经锋,等.复合绝缘子憎水性机理分析[J].绝缘材料,2002,35(2):20-22.Yuan Jian,Zhang Jianrong,Wu Jingfeng,et al.Analysis of hydrophobicity of composite insulators[J].Insulating Materials,2002,35(2):20-22(in Chinese).
[19]施围,邱毓昌,张乔根.高电压工程基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014:25-26.
[20]李震宇,梁曦东,周远翔.交流电晕对硅橡胶材料憎水性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(24):19-23.Li Zhenyu,Liang Xidong,Zhou Yuanxiang.Influences of DC corona on hydrophobicity of silicone rubber[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(24):19-23(in Chinese).
[21]戴罕奇,赵晨龙,徐冰,等.染污复合绝缘子受潮过程研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(7):2227-2235.Dai Hanqi,Zhao Chenlong,Xu Bing,et al.Investigation on wetting process of polluted composite insulators[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(7):2227-2235(in Chinese).
[2]许喆.复合绝缘子的长期运行性能试验研究[D].济南:山东大学,2009.
[3]张福增,赵锋,杨皓麟,等.高海拔地区直流输电线路外绝缘特性研究[J].高电压技术,2008,34(10):2113-2117.Zhang Fuzeng,Zhao Feng,Yang Haolin,et al.External insulation characteristics of ultra high voltage transmission line in high altitude area[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(10):2113-2117(in Chinese).
[4]蒋兴良,杨忠毅,韩兴波,等.硅橡胶复合绝缘子在不同可溶污秽成分下的闪络特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(1):320-329.Jiang Xingliang,Yang Zhongyi,Han Xingbo,et al.Research on flashover performance of silicone rubber insulators polluted by different soluble pollution constituents[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(1):320-329(in Chinese).
[5]许竟,高波,宋臻杰,等.不同环境因素对复合绝缘子憎水性影响的研究[J].高压电器,2018(2):103-109.Xu Jing,Gao Bo,Song Zhenjie,et al.Study on the effect of environmental factors on hydrophobicity of composite insulator[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2018(2):103-109(in Chinese).
[6]De Oliveira S M,De Tourreil C H.Aging of distribution composite insulators under environmental and electrical stresses[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,1990,5(2):1074-1077.
[7]Venkatesulu B,Thomas M J.Long-term accelerated weathering of outdoor silicone rubber insulators[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2011,18(2):418-424.
[8]陈玲聪.浅析复合绝缘子硅橡胶材料老化特性[J].科技创新导报,2013(20):221-221.Chen Lingcong.Analysis on aging characteristics of composite insulator silicone rubber[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2013(20):221-221(in Chinese).
[9]梁曦东,李震宇,周远翔.交流电晕对硅橡胶材料憎水性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(27):19-23.Liang Xidong,Li Zhenyu,Zhou Yuanxiang.Influence of DC corona on hydrophobicity of silicone rubber[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(27):19-23(in Chinese).
[10]王建国,刘洋,方春华,等.交流电晕对高温硫化硅橡胶性能的影响[J].高分子学报,2009,1(4):331-337.Wang Jianguo,Liu Yang,Fang Chunhua,et al.Influence of DCcorona on high temperature vulcanization silicon rubber[J].Acta Polymerica Sinica,2009,1(4):331-337(in Chinese).
[11]梁英,靳哲,张君成.硅橡胶在不同电晕老化阶段下的表面电荷对沿面闪络的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(22):6294-6302.Liang Ying,Jin Zhe,Zhang Juncheng.Influence of surface charge on surface flashover of silicone rubber at different corona aging time[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(22):6294-6302(in Chinese).
[12]雷良胜.运行中的复合绝缘子的憎水性及迁移特性研究[J].电气开关,2012,50(4):38-42.Lei Liangsheng.Fault location for distribution network based on fault distance distribution function[J].Electric Switch,2012,50(4):38-42(in Chinese).
[13]刘洋,周志成,魏旭,等.不同环境因素对硅橡胶憎水性及憎水迁移性的影响[J].高电压技术,2010,36(10):2454-2459.Liu Yang,Zhou Zhicheng,Wei Xu,et al.Effect of environment factor on hydrophobicity and transfer of hydrophobicity of silicone rubber[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(10):2454-2459(in Chinese).
[14]白欢.复合绝缘子憎水性评估方法及憎水性对闪络特性影响研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2011.
[15]胡文歧,井谦,彭静.接触角法表征复合绝缘子用硅橡胶材料表面憎水性的研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(2):5-10.Hu Wenqi,Jing Qian,Peng Jing.Study on surface hydrophobicity of silicone rubber materials for composite insulator characterized by contact angle method[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(2):5-10(in Chinese).
[16]徐志钮,律方成,李嫚,等.椭圆拟合算法在硅橡胶憎水性检测应用中影响因素的研究[J].绝缘材料,2011,44(1):69-73.Xu Zhiniu,LüFangcheng,Li Man,et al.Factors influencing the application of ellipse fitting algorithm in silicone rubber hydrophobicity detection[J].Insulating Materials,2011,44(1):69-73(in Chinese).
[17]申文伟,宋伟,王国利,等.复合绝缘子HTV硅橡胶材料老化特性的研究[J].高压电器,2013(2):1-7.Shen Wenwei,Song Wei,Wang Guoli,et al.Influence of corona discharge on aging characteristics of HTV silicone rubber material[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013(2):1-7(in Chinese).
[18]袁检,张建荣,吴经锋,等.复合绝缘子憎水性机理分析[J].绝缘材料,2002,35(2):20-22.Yuan Jian,Zhang Jianrong,Wu Jingfeng,et al.Analysis of hydrophobicity of composite insulators[J].Insulating Materials,2002,35(2):20-22(in Chinese).
[19]施围,邱毓昌,张乔根.高电压工程基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014:25-26.
[20]李震宇,梁曦东,周远翔.交流电晕对硅橡胶材料憎水性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(24):19-23.Li Zhenyu,Liang Xidong,Zhou Yuanxiang.Influences of DC corona on hydrophobicity of silicone rubber[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(24):19-23(in Chinese).
[21]戴罕奇,赵晨龙,徐冰,等.染污复合绝缘子受潮过程研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(7):2227-2235.Dai Hanqi,Zhao Chenlong,Xu Bing,et al.Investigation on wetting process of polluted composite insulators[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(7):2227-2235(in Chinese).