江苏省如皋市土壤中量元素含量有效性评价
|
摘要
为平衡施肥提供依据,本文应用GPS定位技术采集了江苏省如皋市290个代表性土样,并对土样中钙、镁、硫、硅4种中量元素有效态含量进行了检测和评价。结果显示,全市土壤交换性钙、交换性镁、有效硫和有效硅平均含量分别为4 570、403、26和144 mg/kg。如皋市土壤交换性钙、镁含量丰富,但在各土系土壤间分布不均。有效硫和有效硅同时存在缺乏和过高现象。整体来看,有近1%的土壤缺硅,约14%的土壤缺硫。土壤交换性镁和有效硅的含量为中等变异,交换性钙和有效硫的含量属于高度变异。相关分析显示,4种中量元素有效性与土壤pH、有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量存在不同程度的相关性。如皋市土壤中量元素有效性不仅与成土母质关系密切,同时受土壤理化性状以及肥料施用的重要影响。今后中量元素肥料的施用应考虑多种因素,以实现平衡施肥。
In order to provide basis for balanced fertilization, a total of 290 topsoil samples in Rugao were collected using GPS positioning technology and the available contents of four medium elements of calcium, magnesium, sulfur and silicon in soils were analyzed and assessed. The results showed that the average contents of exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, available sulfur and available silicon in soils were 4 570, 403, 26 and 144 mg/kg, respectively. On the whole the contents of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium were abundant but they were not evenly distributed. Available sulfur and available silicon were both deficient and excessive. Nearly 1% of the samples were deficient in silicon, and about 14% of the samples were deficient in sulfur. According to relevant literature, the contents of exchangeable magnesium and available silicon were medium variation, and the contents of exchangeable calcium and available sulfur were great variation. The correlation analysis showed that there were different correlations between the availability of four medium elements and soil pH,organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. It can be concluded that due to the influences of soil parent material, physicochemical properties, fertilization and agricultural utilization patterns, the content variabilities of soil medium elements were large in the whole city. In the future, more attentions should be paid to the reasonable application of medium element fertilizers to realize balanced fertilization.
In order to provide basis for balanced fertilization, a total of 290 topsoil samples in Rugao were collected using GPS positioning technology and the available contents of four medium elements of calcium, magnesium, sulfur and silicon in soils were analyzed and assessed. The results showed that the average contents of exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, available sulfur and available silicon in soils were 4 570, 403, 26 and 144 mg/kg, respectively. On the whole the contents of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium were abundant but they were not evenly distributed. Available sulfur and available silicon were both deficient and excessive. Nearly 1% of the samples were deficient in silicon, and about 14% of the samples were deficient in sulfur. According to relevant literature, the contents of exchangeable magnesium and available silicon were medium variation, and the contents of exchangeable calcium and available sulfur were great variation. The correlation analysis showed that there were different correlations between the availability of four medium elements and soil pH,organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. It can be concluded that due to the influences of soil parent material, physicochemical properties, fertilization and agricultural utilization patterns, the content variabilities of soil medium elements were large in the whole city. In the future, more attentions should be paid to the reasonable application of medium element fertilizers to realize balanced fertilization.
引文
[1]代东明.中量营养元素与施肥[J].内蒙古农业科技,2013(3):56-59
[2]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:201-210
[3]陈永安,张西仲,杨梅林,等.黔南植烟土壤交换性钙镁含量研究[J].现代农业科技,2013(19):250-251
[4]束维正.中微量元素肥料在农业生产上的应用[J].安徽农学通报,2013,19(24):63-64
[5]张磊,陈雪丽,李伟群,等.叶喷式高效硅肥对水稻产量和品质的影响[J].现代化农业,2014(11):12-13
[6]李强,周冀衡,刘晓颖,等.曲靖烤烟镁含量特征及其影响因素[J].土壤,2017,49(3):565-571
[7]陈杰东.石狮市萝卜基地土壤中微量养分状况分析[J].现代农业科技,2016(17):176
[8]邱学礼,高福宏,李忠环,等.昆明市植烟土壤交换性钙镁特征分析[J].烟草科技,2013(1):81-84
[9]付亚丽,李宏光,付国润,等.红河植烟土壤中微量元素含量分析[J].云南农业大学学报,2012,27(1):73-79
[10]范东升,尹永强,罗宝雄,等.广西河池植烟土壤中量、微量营养元素丰缺状况及施肥对策[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(10):64-68
[11]蔡寒玉,徐元飞,蒋朝臣,等.云南丽江植烟土壤中微量营养元素状况及施肥对策[J].土壤通报,2015(4):967-971
[12]廖菁菁,黄标,孙维侠,等.农田土壤有效磷的时空变异及其影响因素分析--以江苏省如皋市为例[J].土壤学报,2007,44(4):620-628
[13]苏建平,黄标,丁峰,等.江苏省如皋市30年来土壤肥力质量演变分析[J].土壤通报,2009,40(1):66-71
[14]朱静,黄标,孙维侠,等.农田土壤有效态微量元素的时空变化及其影响因素研究[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(1):1-12
[15]王虹,黄标,孙维侠,等.江苏省如皋市土系及其生产性能和生态环境特征[J].土壤学报,2012,49(5):862-874
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000
[17]Nielson D R,Bouma J.Soil spatial variability[M].Wageningen Agricultural University Library/Pudoc DLO,1984:166-193
[18]马同生,冯亚军,梁永超,等.江苏沿江地区水稻土硅素供应力与硅肥施用[J].土壤,1994,26(3):154-156
[19]陈建国,张杨珠,曾希柏,等.长期不同施肥对水稻土交换性钙,镁和有效硫,硅含量的影响[J].生态环境,2008,17(5):2064-2067
[20]廖勇,李岭,刁朝强,等.贵阳市开阳县植烟土壤有效中量元素调查与分析[J].江西农业学报,2015,27(4):37-40
[21]陈竹君,赵文艳,张晓敏,等.日光温室番茄缺镁与土壤盐分组成及离子活度的关系[J].土壤学报,2013,50(2):388-395
[22]姜勇,张玉革,梁文举,等.耕地土壤交换性钙镁比值的研究[J].土壤通报,2003,34(5):414-417
[23]马同生.我国水稻土中硅素丰缺原因[J].土壤通报,1997,28(4):169-171
[24]何刚,袁大刚,赵燕,等.茶多酚与低分子有机酸活化土壤矿质元素的差异研究[J].土壤学报,2014,51(6):1378-1387
[25]王日照,陈海生,吴玉勇,等.浙东红壤丘陵区农田土壤中量微量元素含量研究[J].江西农业学报,2012,24(5):104-107
[26]秦艳青,杨兴友,李爱军,等.达州白肋烟植烟土壤中、微量元素含量分析及施肥对策[J].江西农业学报,2012,24(9):130-132
[27]张冬明,肖彤斌,符传良,等.海南农田土壤中硅的含量及其空间分布[J].贵州农业科学,2017,45(3):139-143
[28]茅国芳,汪传炳.上海地区农田土壤有效硅含量状况及水稻施硅效应研究[J].土壤,2002,34(5):270-274
[29]胡时友,刘凯,马朝红,等.中微量元素肥料配合施用对水稻生长和产量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2016(20):5196-5198
[30]马新,陈家杰,刘涛,等.水淬渣与钢渣硅肥对玉米硅、磷养分吸收及产量的影响[J].土壤,2016,48(1):65-70
[2]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:201-210
[3]陈永安,张西仲,杨梅林,等.黔南植烟土壤交换性钙镁含量研究[J].现代农业科技,2013(19):250-251
[4]束维正.中微量元素肥料在农业生产上的应用[J].安徽农学通报,2013,19(24):63-64
[5]张磊,陈雪丽,李伟群,等.叶喷式高效硅肥对水稻产量和品质的影响[J].现代化农业,2014(11):12-13
[6]李强,周冀衡,刘晓颖,等.曲靖烤烟镁含量特征及其影响因素[J].土壤,2017,49(3):565-571
[7]陈杰东.石狮市萝卜基地土壤中微量养分状况分析[J].现代农业科技,2016(17):176
[8]邱学礼,高福宏,李忠环,等.昆明市植烟土壤交换性钙镁特征分析[J].烟草科技,2013(1):81-84
[9]付亚丽,李宏光,付国润,等.红河植烟土壤中微量元素含量分析[J].云南农业大学学报,2012,27(1):73-79
[10]范东升,尹永强,罗宝雄,等.广西河池植烟土壤中量、微量营养元素丰缺状况及施肥对策[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(10):64-68
[11]蔡寒玉,徐元飞,蒋朝臣,等.云南丽江植烟土壤中微量营养元素状况及施肥对策[J].土壤通报,2015(4):967-971
[12]廖菁菁,黄标,孙维侠,等.农田土壤有效磷的时空变异及其影响因素分析--以江苏省如皋市为例[J].土壤学报,2007,44(4):620-628
[13]苏建平,黄标,丁峰,等.江苏省如皋市30年来土壤肥力质量演变分析[J].土壤通报,2009,40(1):66-71
[14]朱静,黄标,孙维侠,等.农田土壤有效态微量元素的时空变化及其影响因素研究[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(1):1-12
[15]王虹,黄标,孙维侠,等.江苏省如皋市土系及其生产性能和生态环境特征[J].土壤学报,2012,49(5):862-874
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000
[17]Nielson D R,Bouma J.Soil spatial variability[M].Wageningen Agricultural University Library/Pudoc DLO,1984:166-193
[18]马同生,冯亚军,梁永超,等.江苏沿江地区水稻土硅素供应力与硅肥施用[J].土壤,1994,26(3):154-156
[19]陈建国,张杨珠,曾希柏,等.长期不同施肥对水稻土交换性钙,镁和有效硫,硅含量的影响[J].生态环境,2008,17(5):2064-2067
[20]廖勇,李岭,刁朝强,等.贵阳市开阳县植烟土壤有效中量元素调查与分析[J].江西农业学报,2015,27(4):37-40
[21]陈竹君,赵文艳,张晓敏,等.日光温室番茄缺镁与土壤盐分组成及离子活度的关系[J].土壤学报,2013,50(2):388-395
[22]姜勇,张玉革,梁文举,等.耕地土壤交换性钙镁比值的研究[J].土壤通报,2003,34(5):414-417
[23]马同生.我国水稻土中硅素丰缺原因[J].土壤通报,1997,28(4):169-171
[24]何刚,袁大刚,赵燕,等.茶多酚与低分子有机酸活化土壤矿质元素的差异研究[J].土壤学报,2014,51(6):1378-1387
[25]王日照,陈海生,吴玉勇,等.浙东红壤丘陵区农田土壤中量微量元素含量研究[J].江西农业学报,2012,24(5):104-107
[26]秦艳青,杨兴友,李爱军,等.达州白肋烟植烟土壤中、微量元素含量分析及施肥对策[J].江西农业学报,2012,24(9):130-132
[27]张冬明,肖彤斌,符传良,等.海南农田土壤中硅的含量及其空间分布[J].贵州农业科学,2017,45(3):139-143
[28]茅国芳,汪传炳.上海地区农田土壤有效硅含量状况及水稻施硅效应研究[J].土壤,2002,34(5):270-274
[29]胡时友,刘凯,马朝红,等.中微量元素肥料配合施用对水稻生长和产量的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2016(20):5196-5198
[30]马新,陈家杰,刘涛,等.水淬渣与钢渣硅肥对玉米硅、磷养分吸收及产量的影响[J].土壤,2016,48(1):65-70