艇载声波测量临近空间风场可行性分析
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摘要
提出一种临近空间艇载原位测量大气风场的新方法,该方法利用声波传播时延差测量临近空间大气风场.介绍了该方法的原理,分析了测风误差来源和测风精度.通过分析声波在临近空间高度的衰减,对信号载波频率和传播距离进行了选择,并对不同信噪比条件下声波时延估计精度进行了仿真分析.结果表明:在临近空间20～50 km高度,传播距离为2～5m,距离测量精度为1mm,平台测速精度为0.1 m·s~(-1),信噪比优于-2dB条件下,时延估计精度优于1μs,利用该方法测风精度能达到0.2 m.s~(-1)的较高水平.
A new in-situ method for atmospheric wind detection of the Near Space is proposed in this paper. The time delay difference of acoustic wave propagation is used to measure the wind.The principle of this method is introduced. The source and accuracy of wind measurement error are analyzed. The frequency and propagation distance of the signal are selected, by analyzing the attenuation of acoustic waves at the height of the Near Space. And the accuracy of acoustic time delay estimation with different SNRs is simulated. The results show that the accuracy of wind measurement by this method can reach a high level of 0.2 m·s~(-1) at the height of 20～50 km with the propagation distance of 2～5 m, the distance measurement accuracy of 1 mm, the platform velocity measurement accuracy of 0.1 m-s~(-1), and SNR is more than-2 dB, and the time delay measurement precision is less than 1 μs.
A new in-situ method for atmospheric wind detection of the Near Space is proposed in this paper. The time delay difference of acoustic wave propagation is used to measure the wind.The principle of this method is introduced. The source and accuracy of wind measurement error are analyzed. The frequency and propagation distance of the signal are selected, by analyzing the attenuation of acoustic waves at the height of the Near Space. And the accuracy of acoustic time delay estimation with different SNRs is simulated. The results show that the accuracy of wind measurement by this method can reach a high level of 0.2 m·s~(-1) at the height of 20～50 km with the propagation distance of 2～5 m, the distance measurement accuracy of 1 mm, the platform velocity measurement accuracy of 0.1 m-s~(-1), and SNR is more than-2 dB, and the time delay measurement precision is less than 1 μs.
引文
[1] XIAO Cunying. Researches on the Dynamics of the Atmosphere in the Near Space[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2009
[2] ZHANG Lanchuan, MENG Jinhui, L(U|¨)Mingyun. Stratospheric airship airborne velocity measuremen[J]. Sci.Tech. Rev., 2017, 35(2):80-86
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[7] HUANG Yiwen. The principle and comparison of the three methods of wind measurement[J]. Value Eng., 2017,9(9):209-211(黄裕文.三种测风方法的原理及其比对[J].价值工程,2017,9(9):209-211)
[8] DONG Baoju, ZHANG Ye, XU Anlun,et al. Comparative analysis on wind data from wind profiler radar and balloon sounding[J]. J. Yunnan Univ., 2011, 33(S1):18-25(董保举,张晔,徐安伦,等.风廓线雷达测风和气球测风资料劝比分析[J].云南大学学报,2011,33(S1):18-25)
[9] PAN Jingyan, WU Shuangyang, LIU Guo, et al. Wind measurement techniques of coherent wind lidar[J]. Infrared Laser Eng.,2013,42(7):1720-1724(潘静岩,邬双阳,刘果,等.相干激光测风雷达风场测量技术[J].红外与激光工程,2013,42(7):1720-1724)
[10] ZHOU Xiaolin, SUN Dongsong, ZHONG Zhiqing, et al.Development of doppler wind lidar[J]. J. Atmos. Environ.Optics.,2007,2(3):161-168(周小林,孙东松,钟志庆,等.多普勒测风激光雷达研究进展[J].大气与环境光学学报,2007,2(3):161-168)
[11] CHEN Fenggui, CHEN Guangming, LIU Kehua. Analysis of near space environment and its effect[J]. Equip.Environ. Eng., 2013, 10(4):71-75
[12] ZHAO Qichang. The dispersion and absorption of sound wave transmitted in the outdoors[J]. Entert. Technol.,2013, 7:26-29
[13] SHENG Peixuan, MAO Jietai, LI Jianguo, et al. Atmospheric Physics[M]. Beijing:Peking University Press,2003(盛裴轩,毛节泰,李建国,等.大气物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003)
[14] NSC. GB/T 17247.1-2000 Acoustic-Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors-Part 1:Calculation of the absorption of sound by the atmosphere[S]. SQSB, 2000
[15] NSC. GB/T 17247.2-1998AcousticsAttenuation of sound during propagation outdoors-Part 2:General method of calculation[S]. SQSB, 1998
[2] ZHANG Lanchuan, MENG Jinhui, L(U|¨)Mingyun. Stratospheric airship airborne velocity measuremen[J]. Sci.Tech. Rev., 2017, 35(2):80-86
[3] JIANG Guoying, XU Jiyao, SHI Dongbo, et al. Observations of the first meteorolocgical rocket of the meridianspace weather monitoring project[J]. Chin. Sci. Bull.,2011, 56(19):1568-1574
[4] SHI Dongbo, WEI Feng, ZHANG Yu, et al. Meteorological rocket sonde of meridian project and its detection results[J]. Chin. J. Space Sci., 2011, 31(4):492-497(史东波,韦峰,张宇,等.子午工程气象火箭探空仪及其探测结果[J].空间科学学报,2011, 31(4):492-497)
[5] SHI Dongbo, WEI Feng, ZHANG Yu, et al. Application of GPS on meteorological rocket telemetry and tracking[J].Chin. J. Space Sci.,2011,31(5):666-669(史东波,韦峰,张宇,等.GPS在气象火箭遥测跟踪上的应用[J].空间科学学报,2011, 31(5):666-669)
[6] ZHANG Guofang, ZHANG Yucon. Comparison two ways of wind measuring with GPS sonde[J]. Meteor. Hydrol.Mar. Instrum.,2009, 26(3):11-14(张国舫,张玉存.GPS探空仪两种测风计算方法的比较[J].气象水文海洋仪器,2009,26(3):11-14)
[7] HUANG Yiwen. The principle and comparison of the three methods of wind measurement[J]. Value Eng., 2017,9(9):209-211(黄裕文.三种测风方法的原理及其比对[J].价值工程,2017,9(9):209-211)
[8] DONG Baoju, ZHANG Ye, XU Anlun,et al. Comparative analysis on wind data from wind profiler radar and balloon sounding[J]. J. Yunnan Univ., 2011, 33(S1):18-25(董保举,张晔,徐安伦,等.风廓线雷达测风和气球测风资料劝比分析[J].云南大学学报,2011,33(S1):18-25)
[9] PAN Jingyan, WU Shuangyang, LIU Guo, et al. Wind measurement techniques of coherent wind lidar[J]. Infrared Laser Eng.,2013,42(7):1720-1724(潘静岩,邬双阳,刘果,等.相干激光测风雷达风场测量技术[J].红外与激光工程,2013,42(7):1720-1724)
[10] ZHOU Xiaolin, SUN Dongsong, ZHONG Zhiqing, et al.Development of doppler wind lidar[J]. J. Atmos. Environ.Optics.,2007,2(3):161-168(周小林,孙东松,钟志庆,等.多普勒测风激光雷达研究进展[J].大气与环境光学学报,2007,2(3):161-168)
[11] CHEN Fenggui, CHEN Guangming, LIU Kehua. Analysis of near space environment and its effect[J]. Equip.Environ. Eng., 2013, 10(4):71-75
[12] ZHAO Qichang. The dispersion and absorption of sound wave transmitted in the outdoors[J]. Entert. Technol.,2013, 7:26-29
[13] SHENG Peixuan, MAO Jietai, LI Jianguo, et al. Atmospheric Physics[M]. Beijing:Peking University Press,2003(盛裴轩,毛节泰,李建国,等.大气物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003)
[14] NSC. GB/T 17247.1-2000 Acoustic-Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors-Part 1:Calculation of the absorption of sound by the atmosphere[S]. SQSB, 2000
[15] NSC. GB/T 17247.2-1998AcousticsAttenuation of sound during propagation outdoors-Part 2:General method of calculation[S]. SQSB, 1998