辽宁省水稻品种品质差异分析
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摘要
以辽宁省收集到的187个水稻品种(系)为试验材料,研究了不同水稻品种(系)品质性状及其相互关系。试验结果表明:不同水稻品种(系)的各外观品质性状的变异系数大小依次为垩白度〉垩白粒率〉精米长/宽。其中,绝大多数水稻品种(系)的粒形都表现较好;而不同水稻品种(系)的垩白粒率变化范围较大;所选水稻供试品种(系)部分米质性状具有极大的品种(系)间遗传差异;垩白作为一项重要的外观品质性状,对不同水稻品种(系)的稻米粒形、食味及营养品质性状均有着较重要的影响。供试187份水稻品种(系)稻米RVA谱特征值7项指标均存在明显的品种(系)间遗传差异;RVA特征值与外观品质呈负相关性,且与稻米长宽比的关联程度大于其与垩白性状的关联程度。综合来看,辽宁省水稻品种的品质总体较好,在今后的品质育种工作中要进一步加强垩白度和垩白粒率的选择强度。
The quality traits and their relationships of 187 rice varieties(lines) in Liaoning province are studied. The results are as follows:Variation coefficients of different rice varieties(lines) of the appearance quality traits in order is chalkiness>chalky grain rate>milled rice length/width. Among them, most of the rice varieties(lines) have better grain shape, but the grain rate of different varieties(lines) varied greatly.The selected rice varieties(lines) of quality traits have great varieties(lines) genetic differences. Different rice varieties(lines), the chalkiness as an important appearance quality traits and the grain shape, taste and nutritional quality traits have more important influence. There is a significant difference in the genetic difference between the 187 rice cultivars(lines) and the RVA spectrum characteristic values of the 7 rice cultivars(lines). RVA characteristic value and appearance quality are negatively correlated, and the correlation degree between the length and width ratio of the characteristic value rice is higher than that of the rice grain length width ratio.
The quality traits and their relationships of 187 rice varieties(lines) in Liaoning province are studied. The results are as follows:Variation coefficients of different rice varieties(lines) of the appearance quality traits in order is chalkiness>chalky grain rate>milled rice length/width. Among them, most of the rice varieties(lines) have better grain shape, but the grain rate of different varieties(lines) varied greatly.The selected rice varieties(lines) of quality traits have great varieties(lines) genetic differences. Different rice varieties(lines), the chalkiness as an important appearance quality traits and the grain shape, taste and nutritional quality traits have more important influence. There is a significant difference in the genetic difference between the 187 rice cultivars(lines) and the RVA spectrum characteristic values of the 7 rice cultivars(lines). RVA characteristic value and appearance quality are negatively correlated, and the correlation degree between the length and width ratio of the characteristic value rice is higher than that of the rice grain length width ratio.
引文
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[2] 贾东,周宇飞,赵建明.稻品质改良的研究发展现状[J].北方水稻,2009,39(6):75～76.
[3] 何秀英,廖耀平,程永胜,等.水稻品质研究进展与展望[J].广东农业科学,2009(1):11～12.
[4] 胡培松,翟虎渠,万建民.我国水稻生产新特点与稻米品质改良[J].中国农业科技导报,2002(4):630～641.
[5] 胡孔峰,杨泽敏,雷振山.中国稻米品质的现状与展望[J].农艺科学,2006,22(1):130～134.
[6] 邹小云,盛国清,傅军如,等.籼型杂交水稻主要品质性状与产量性状的关系研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2006,28(1):7～11.
[7] 王红梅,刘巧泉,顾铭洪.稻米蛋白营养品质及其遗传改良[J].植物生理学通讯,2007,4(2):391～395.
[8] 赵胜利,刘鑫,魏芳勤,等.我国杂交水稻育种中存在的问题及发展趋势[J].安徽农业科学,2011,17(2):57～58.
[9] 胡培松,唐绍清,罗炬,等.美国光身稻品种的利用与超高产品种的选育[J].作物学报,1999,25(1):32～38.
[10] 钟秉强,杨正林,冉启良,等.美国水稻品种农艺性状和品质性状的温度钝感特性研究[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(2):118～121.
[11] 罗利军,应存山,梅捍卫,等.14份美国水稻品种的研究与评价[J].中国水稻科学,1993,7(3):179～182.
[12] 饭田修一 .日本水稻育种目标[J].北方水稻,2008,38(3):179～180.
[13] 国家粮食储备局中华人民共和国国家标准优质稻谷GB/T17891-1999[Z].北京:中国标准出版社,1999.
[14] 冯卫东,杨生龙,张俊杰,等.日本水稻品质研究的理论与实践综述——关于米的食味[J].宁夏农林科技,2005(4):54～56.