考虑再生制动能量的牵引网不平衡补偿
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摘要
高速列车在再生制动运行时,会产生大量的再生制动能量,这部分能量无法简单地忽略。首先考虑高速列车在各种运行工况下能量回馈对系统不平衡的影响,提出了一种高速铁路系统协同不平衡补偿方法(collaborative unbalance compensation method, CUCM)来降低电力电子补偿装置的容量与成本;然后分析了两种补偿原理,即RPC原理和Steinmetz原理,以保证CUCM能运行良好;最后基于高速列车的实际运行情况,对CUCM的容量进行了分析。分析和仿真结果表明:两种补偿方式虽然具有不同的实现方法和补偿电流表达式,但其补偿本质是相同的,应采用协同补偿策略;在牵引工况和能量反馈工况下,所提出的CUCM能够在完全补偿高速铁路电力系统的不平衡电流的前提下,有效降低装置成本。
High-speed trains generate a large amount of regenerative braking energy during regenerative braking, which cannot be simply ignored. Consideringthe influence of energy feedback on system imbalance in high-speed trains under various operating conditions,we proposed a cooperative unbalance compensation method(CUCM) for high-speed railway system to reduce the capacity and cost of power electronic compensation devices. In order to ensure that CUCM works well, two compensation principles were analyzed, namely, RPC principle and Steinmetz principle. Finally, based on the actual operation of high-speed trains, the capacity of CUCM was analyzed. The analysis and simulation results show that the two compensation methods have different implementation methods and compensation current expressions, but the compensation essence is the same and the cooperative compensation strategy should be adopted. Under the traction condition and energy feedback condition, the proposed CUCM can be used to effectively reduce the equipment cost while fully compensating the unbalanced current of the high-speed railway power system.
High-speed trains generate a large amount of regenerative braking energy during regenerative braking, which cannot be simply ignored. Consideringthe influence of energy feedback on system imbalance in high-speed trains under various operating conditions,we proposed a cooperative unbalance compensation method(CUCM) for high-speed railway system to reduce the capacity and cost of power electronic compensation devices. In order to ensure that CUCM works well, two compensation principles were analyzed, namely, RPC principle and Steinmetz principle. Finally, based on the actual operation of high-speed trains, the capacity of CUCM was analyzed. The analysis and simulation results show that the two compensation methods have different implementation methods and compensation current expressions, but the compensation essence is the same and the cooperative compensation strategy should be adopted. Under the traction condition and energy feedback condition, the proposed CUCM can be used to effectively reduce the equipment cost while fully compensating the unbalanced current of the high-speed railway power system.
引文
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[15]张旭,杨学友,刘常杰.模型预测控制在统一电能质量调节器中的应用[J].电网技术,2010,34(5):35-40.ZHANG Xu,YANG Xueyou,LIU Changjie.Application of model predictive control in unified power quality regulator[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(5):35-40.
[16]宋平岗,林家通,李云丰.基于MMC铁路功率调节器的环流分析与抑制策略[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3539-3547.SONG Pinggang,LIN Jiatong,LI Yunfeng.Circulation analysis and suppression strategy based on MMC railway power regulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(11):3539-3547.
[17]李鹏,李金忠,崔博源,等.基于模块化多电平换流器和组合式变压器的高速铁路同相牵引供电系统[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):97-104.LI Peng,LI Jinzhong,CUI Boyuan,et al.High-speed railway in-phase traction power supply system based on modular multi-level converter and combined transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):97-104.
[18]肖刚,张译文,郭育华,等.基于MMC的同相供电潮流控制器控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(14):79-84.XIAO Gang,ZHANG Yiwen,GUO Yuhua,et al.Study on control strategy of in-phase power flow controller based on MMC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(14):79-84.
[19]王靓,任洪强,陈国宇,等.基于MMC的三相四线制电能质量补偿装置[J].电力工程技术,2016,35(1):57-60.WANG Liang,REN Hongqiang,CHEN Guoyu,et al.Three-phase four-wire power quality compensation device based on MMC[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2016,35(1):57-60.
[20]陆晶晶,刘正富,张剑,等.MMC型统一电能质量控制器故障分析及保护策略[J].电力建设,2015,36(5):31-36.LU Jingjing,LIU Zhengfu,ZHANG Jian,et al.Fault analysis and protection strategy of MMC unified power quality controller[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(5):31-36.
[21]XU Q,MA F,HE Z,et al.Analysis and comparison of modular railway power conditioner for high-speed railway traction system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(8):6031-6048.
[22]张晨萌.同相牵引供电系统电磁混合型电能质量补偿技术研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2016.ZHANG Chenmeng.The research of electrical-magnetic hybrid power quality compensation system for co-phase railway traction supply system[D].Wuhan,China:Wuhan University,2016.
[23]李彦林,王乐三,许胜,等.基于一阶矢量谐振器的基波正负序分量及谐波检测方法[J].高电压技术,2018,44(10):3399-3406.LI Yanlin,WANG Lesan,XU Sheng,et al.Detection method of positive and negative sequence components based on one order vector proportional-integral resonant[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(10):3399-3406.
[24]黄晓明,范志华,苗世洪,等.含储能单元的统一电能质量调节器功率协调控制策略[J].高电压技术,2018,44(10):3390-3398.HUANG Xiaoming,FAN Zhihua,MIAO Shihong,et al.Coordinated power control strategy of unified power quality conditioner with energy storage unit[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(10):3390-3398.
[25]王果,常文寰,李凯.组合式同相供电系统的网侧功率因数和不平衡度分析[J].高电压技术,2018,44(4):1269-1277.WANG Guo,CHANG Wenhuan,LI Kai.Analysis on grid side power factor and unbalanced degree of combined co-phase power supply system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(4):1269-1277.
[2]张子林.考虑再生制动工况的高速动车组仿真研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2011.ZHANG Zilin.High-speed EMU simulation study considering regenerative braking condition[D].Chengdu,China:Southwest Jiaotong University,2011.
[3]白建海.电气化铁路对电网谐波及三相不平衡度影响及治理措施研究[D].华北电力大学(保定)华北电力大学,2013.BAI Jianhai.Research on the influence of electrified railway on harmonic and three-phase unbalance of power grid and its control measures[D].Baoding,China:North China Electric Power University,2013.
[4]BARRERO R,TACKOEN X,VAN MIERLO J.Improving energy efficiency in public transport:stationary super capacitor based energy storage systems for a metro network[C]∥Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.Harbin,China:IEEE,2008:1-8.
[5]张璐琪.高速铁路电能质量补偿系统研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2014.ZHANG Luqi.Research on power quality compensation system for high speed railway[D].Harbin,China:Harbin University of Technology,2014.
[6]吴传平.电气化铁路供电系统电能质量综合补偿技术研究[D].湖南:湖南大学,2012.WU Chuanping.Research on power quality comprehensive compensation technology for electrified railway power supply system[D].Hunan,China:Hunan University,2012.
[7]胡斯佳,张志文,李勇,等.一种采用LC耦合的电气化铁道功率调节系统[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(8):199-211.HU Sijia,ZHANG Zhiwen,LI Yong,et al.A LC-coupled power regulation system for electrified railways[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(8):199-211.
[8]张晨萌,陈柏超,袁佳歆,等.基于V/V牵引变压器的同相供电系统电能质量混合补偿研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):496-504.ZHANG Chenmeng,CHEN Baichao,YUAN Jiaxin,et al.Research on hybrid compensation for power quality of in-phase power supply system based on V/V traction transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):496-504.
[9]田铭兴,张俊强,董晓东,等.电气化铁路并联型铁路功率调节器控制策略的仿真研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3533-3538.TIAN Mingxing,ZHANG Junqiang,DONG Xiaodong,et al.Simulation study on control strategy of parallel power regulator for electrified railway[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(11):3533-3538.
[10]HU S,XIE B,LI Y,et al.A power factor-oriented railway power flow controller for power quality improvement in electrical railway power system[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(2):1167-1177.
[11]HU S,LI S,LI Y,et al.A comprehensive study for the power flow controller used in railway power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,65(8):6032-6043.
[12]LESNICAR and MARQUARDT R.An innovative modular multilevel converter topology suitable for a wide power range[C]∥IEEE 2003Power Technology Conference.Bologna,Italy:IEEE,2003.
[13]丁红旗,徐千鸣,马伏军,等.模块化多电平交交变频电源负序补偿控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(9):166-173,187.DING Hongqi,XU Qianming,MA Fujun,et al.Modular multi-level alternating frequency power supply negative sequence compensation control method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(9):166-173,187.
[14]徐千鸣,马伏军,何志兴,等.双星型多电平铁路功率调节器及其控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(13):3609-3619.XU Qianming,MA Fujun,HE Zhixing,et al.Dual-star multi-level railway power regulator and its control method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(13):3609-3619.
[15]张旭,杨学友,刘常杰.模型预测控制在统一电能质量调节器中的应用[J].电网技术,2010,34(5):35-40.ZHANG Xu,YANG Xueyou,LIU Changjie.Application of model predictive control in unified power quality regulator[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(5):35-40.
[16]宋平岗,林家通,李云丰.基于MMC铁路功率调节器的环流分析与抑制策略[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3539-3547.SONG Pinggang,LIN Jiatong,LI Yunfeng.Circulation analysis and suppression strategy based on MMC railway power regulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(11):3539-3547.
[17]李鹏,李金忠,崔博源,等.基于模块化多电平换流器和组合式变压器的高速铁路同相牵引供电系统[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):97-104.LI Peng,LI Jinzhong,CUI Boyuan,et al.High-speed railway in-phase traction power supply system based on modular multi-level converter and combined transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):97-104.
[18]肖刚,张译文,郭育华,等.基于MMC的同相供电潮流控制器控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(14):79-84.XIAO Gang,ZHANG Yiwen,GUO Yuhua,et al.Study on control strategy of in-phase power flow controller based on MMC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(14):79-84.
[19]王靓,任洪强,陈国宇,等.基于MMC的三相四线制电能质量补偿装置[J].电力工程技术,2016,35(1):57-60.WANG Liang,REN Hongqiang,CHEN Guoyu,et al.Three-phase four-wire power quality compensation device based on MMC[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2016,35(1):57-60.
[20]陆晶晶,刘正富,张剑,等.MMC型统一电能质量控制器故障分析及保护策略[J].电力建设,2015,36(5):31-36.LU Jingjing,LIU Zhengfu,ZHANG Jian,et al.Fault analysis and protection strategy of MMC unified power quality controller[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(5):31-36.
[21]XU Q,MA F,HE Z,et al.Analysis and comparison of modular railway power conditioner for high-speed railway traction system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(8):6031-6048.
[22]张晨萌.同相牵引供电系统电磁混合型电能质量补偿技术研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2016.ZHANG Chenmeng.The research of electrical-magnetic hybrid power quality compensation system for co-phase railway traction supply system[D].Wuhan,China:Wuhan University,2016.
[23]李彦林,王乐三,许胜,等.基于一阶矢量谐振器的基波正负序分量及谐波检测方法[J].高电压技术,2018,44(10):3399-3406.LI Yanlin,WANG Lesan,XU Sheng,et al.Detection method of positive and negative sequence components based on one order vector proportional-integral resonant[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(10):3399-3406.
[24]黄晓明,范志华,苗世洪,等.含储能单元的统一电能质量调节器功率协调控制策略[J].高电压技术,2018,44(10):3390-3398.HUANG Xiaoming,FAN Zhihua,MIAO Shihong,et al.Coordinated power control strategy of unified power quality conditioner with energy storage unit[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(10):3390-3398.
[25]王果,常文寰,李凯.组合式同相供电系统的网侧功率因数和不平衡度分析[J].高电压技术,2018,44(4):1269-1277.WANG Guo,CHANG Wenhuan,LI Kai.Analysis on grid side power factor and unbalanced degree of combined co-phase power supply system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(4):1269-1277.