锡青铜连杆衬套摩擦学特性的试验研究
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摘要
采用单因素试验和混合均匀试验方法在MMW-1A型立式万能摩擦磨损试验机上对锡青铜连杆衬套的摩擦磨损性能进行试验,主要研究压强、转速和温度对其摩擦系数和磨损量的影响规律,并借助超景深电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对摩擦表面微观形貌进行观察表征,综合分析其磨损机理。结果表明:摩擦系数随压强、转速的增大呈先增后减的趋势,随温度的升高逐渐增大;磨损量随压强的增大而增大,随转速、温度的提高先增加后减小。随着压强的增大,摩擦表面的磨痕逐渐变清晰,有坑洼和片状材料出现,严重时发生犁沟和材料剥落,磨粒磨损转变为黏着磨损;随着转速的升高,摩擦表面的磨痕逐渐变粗、深,表面出现氧化和剥落的面积不断增大。
The friction and wear properties of tin bronze connecting rod bushing were studied on MMW-1A vertical universal friction and wear tester by single factor test method and mixed uniform test method.The influence law of pressure,rotating speed and temperature on the friction coefficient and wear amount was mainly studied.The microtopography of the friction surface was observed and characterized by means of super-depth electron microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM).And the wear mechanism was comprehensively analyzed.The results show that the friction coefficient increases first and then decreases with the increase of pressure and rotation speed.As the temperature rises,the friction coefficient increases.The wear amount increases as the pressure increases,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of rotation speed and temperature.With the increase of pressure,the grinding marks of the friction surface become clearer,and the potholes and flake materials appear.In severe cases,furrow and material exfoliation also occur.The mechanism of friction changes from abrasive wear to adhesive wear.As the rotating speed increases,the grinding marks of the friction surface gradually become thicker and deeper,and the surface area of oxidation and exfoliation increases continuously.
The friction and wear properties of tin bronze connecting rod bushing were studied on MMW-1A vertical universal friction and wear tester by single factor test method and mixed uniform test method.The influence law of pressure,rotating speed and temperature on the friction coefficient and wear amount was mainly studied.The microtopography of the friction surface was observed and characterized by means of super-depth electron microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM).And the wear mechanism was comprehensively analyzed.The results show that the friction coefficient increases first and then decreases with the increase of pressure and rotation speed.As the temperature rises,the friction coefficient increases.The wear amount increases as the pressure increases,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of rotation speed and temperature.With the increase of pressure,the grinding marks of the friction surface become clearer,and the potholes and flake materials appear.In severe cases,furrow and material exfoliation also occur.The mechanism of friction changes from abrasive wear to adhesive wear.As the rotating speed increases,the grinding marks of the friction surface gradually become thicker and deeper,and the surface area of oxidation and exfoliation increases continuously.
引文
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[14]高胡鹤,丁婷婷,马淑谨,等.等离子堆焊VC/锡青铜涂层的组织结构与耐磨性能研究[J].稀有金属,2017,41(1):45-51.GAO Huhe,DING Tingting,MA Shujin,et al.Microstructure and wear resistance of VC/tin-bronze coating deposited by plasma transferred arc surfacing[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2017,41(1):45-51.
[15]刘美霞,黄柱,任兴润,等.不同Al2O3分散对Ni-W复合镀层组织及磨损性能影响[J].稀有金属,2017,41(6):665-671.LIU Meixia,HUANG Zhu,REN Xingrun,et al.Friction and wear resistance of Ni-W coatings dispersed by alumina particle[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2017,41(6):665-671.
[2]王雪,赵俊生,孟宏伟,等.柴油机连杆衬套磨损的正交试验研究[J].润滑与密封,2017,42(9):76-80,97.WANG Xue,ZHAO Junsheng,MENG Hongwei,et al.Analysis of wear of diesel engine connecting rod bushing[J].Lubrication Engineering,2017,42(9):76-80,97.
[3]胥超,冯志刚,周永召,等.连杆衬套内表面磨损的正交试验研究[J].机械工程与自动化,2014,(1):136-137,140.XU Chao,FENG Zhigang,ZHOU Yongzhao,et al.Study on connecting rod bushing's inner surface wear by orthogonal test method[J].Mechanical Engineering and Automation,2014,(1):136-137,140.
[4]舒成龙.连杆衬套磨损量预测的数值仿真研究[D].太原:中北大学,2015SHU Chenglong.Numerical simulation study of rod bushing wear amount prediction[D].Taiyuan:North University of China,2015.
[5]赵俊生.强力旋压连杆衬套分析与试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.ZHAO Junsheng.Analysis and test of strong spinning connecting rod bushing[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014.
[6]董雪飞.柴油机连杆衬套磨损试验研究[D].太原:中北大学,2011.DONG Xuefei.Internal combustion engine connecting rod bushing failure mechanism of friction and wear[D].Taiyuan:North University of China,2011.
[7]李聪聪,曾攀,雷丽萍,等.基于销-盘材料互换试验的钴基合金摩擦磨损特性研究[J].润滑与密封,2011,36(8):15-19.LI Congcong,ZENG Pan,LEI Liping,et al.Research on sliding wear behavior of Co-based alloy based on experiments with material of pin and disc exchanged[J].Lubrication Engineering,2011,36(8):15-19.
[8]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].4版.北京:清华大学出版社,2012.WEN Shizhu,HUANG Ping.Tribological principle.[M].The4th Edition.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2012.
[9]王雷刚,周建芬,许亚婷,等.基于平板滑动摩擦实验的镀锌板摩擦特性研究[J].塑性工程学报,2016,23(2):87-91,114.WANG Leigang,ZHOU Jianfen,XU Yaping,et al.Study on friction characteristics of galvanized sheet based on plate sliding friction test[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2016,23(2):87-91,114.
[10]郭跃华.摩擦磨损微观组织形貌仿真[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2004.GUO Yuehua.Simulation of microstructure of friction and wear[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2004.
[11]WANG X R,LIU Y,HONG R.Research on the friction and wear properties of the copper matrix composites reinforced with copperized carbon fibers[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,556-562:624-627.
[12]张柱银,王鹏,夏建生,等.板料成形摩擦特性的实验研究与有限元分析[J].塑性工程学报,2018,25(2):15-21.ZHANG Zhuyin,WANG Peng,XIA Jiansheng,et al.Experimental study and finite element analysis of sheet forming friction characteristics[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2018,25(2):15-21.
[13]唐长斌,郑超,马阿敏,等.钴基合金渗层对钛合金耐磨、抗蚀性能的影响[J].稀有金属,2017,41(6):620-628.TANG Changbin,ZHENG Chao,MA Amin,et al.Wear and corrosion resistance of titanium alloy with cobalt based alloying layer[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2017,41(6):620-628.
[14]高胡鹤,丁婷婷,马淑谨,等.等离子堆焊VC/锡青铜涂层的组织结构与耐磨性能研究[J].稀有金属,2017,41(1):45-51.GAO Huhe,DING Tingting,MA Shujin,et al.Microstructure and wear resistance of VC/tin-bronze coating deposited by plasma transferred arc surfacing[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2017,41(1):45-51.
[15]刘美霞,黄柱,任兴润,等.不同Al2O3分散对Ni-W复合镀层组织及磨损性能影响[J].稀有金属,2017,41(6):665-671.LIU Meixia,HUANG Zhu,REN Xingrun,et al.Friction and wear resistance of Ni-W coatings dispersed by alumina particle[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2017,41(6):665-671.