粪便miRNA标志物在结直肠癌筛选和诊断中的应用研究进展
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摘要
结直肠癌是一个受多种因素影响的病理过程,缺乏理想的无创诊断方法。结直肠癌患者死亡率偏高的主要原因之一是中晚期才表现出临床症状,因此,临床上急需可靠的用于结直肠癌筛选和诊断的生物标志物。MicroRNAs是一类小分子非编码RNA,在肿瘤的发生、转移等机制中具有重要作用。随着检测技术的发展,粪便microRNA作为无创分子生物标志物得到深入的研究,并用于结直肠癌的筛选和诊断。全文对粪便miRNA在结直肠癌筛选和诊断中的应用及检测进展作一综述,重点介绍可用于结直肠癌早期诊断的miRNA。
Colorectal cancer is a pathological process that is affected by many factors,and there is lack of ideal noninvasive methods for early detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer. MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs which play important roles in the tumorogenesis,progression and metastasis of cancers. Over the past decade,stool microRNAs as non-invasive molecular biomarkers have been extensively studied and used for the screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer. This article reviews the recent progress in the application of stool miRNAs for detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer,focusing on miRNAs which can be used for screening of colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer is a pathological process that is affected by many factors,and there is lack of ideal noninvasive methods for early detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer. MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs which play important roles in the tumorogenesis,progression and metastasis of cancers. Over the past decade,stool microRNAs as non-invasive molecular biomarkers have been extensively studied and used for the screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer. This article reviews the recent progress in the application of stool miRNAs for detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer,focusing on miRNAs which can be used for screening of colorectal cancer.
引文
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[5]CortéH,Manceau G,Blons H,et al.MicroRNA and colorectal cancer[J].Digestive and Liver Disease,2012,195-200.
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[7]Xuan Y,Yang HL,Zhao LJ,et al.MicroRNAs in colorectal cancer:small molecules with big functions[J].Cancer Lett,2015,360:89-105.
[8]Moretti F,D'Antona P,Finardi E,et al.Systematic review and critique of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of stageⅠ-Ⅱnon-small cell lung cancer[J].Oncotarget,2017,8(55):94980-94996.
[9]Karmakar S,Kaushik G,Nimmakayala R,et al.MicroRNAregulation of K-Ras in pancreatic cancer and opportunities for therapeutic intervention[J].Semin Cancer Biol,2017,pii:S104-579X(17)30234-1.
[10]Awasthi R,Rathbone MJ,Hansbro PM,et al.Therapeutic prospects ofmicroRN As in cancer treatment through nanotechnology[J].Drug Deliv Transl Res,2018,8(1):97-110.
[11]Lewis BP,Burge CB,Bartel DP.Conserved seed pairing,often flanked by adenosines,indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets[J].Cell,2005,120:15-20.
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[13]Park YR,Kim SL,Lee MR,et al.MicroRNA-30a-5p(miR-30a)regulates cell motility and EMT by directly targeting oncogenic TM4SF1 in colorectal cancer[J].J Cancer Res Clin Oncol,2017,143(10):1915-1927.
[14]Oliveira RC,Ivanovic RF,Leite KRM,et al.Expression of micro-RNAs and genes related to angiogenesis in ccRCCand associations with tumor characteristic[J].BMC Urol,2017,17(1):113.
[15]Nijhuis A,Thompson H,Adam J,et al.Remodelling of microRNAs in colorectal cancer by hypoxia alters metabolism profiles and 5-fluorouracil resistance[J].Hum Mol Genet,2017,26(8):1552-1564.
[16]Cao J,Yan XR,Liu T,et al.MicroRNA-552 promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration by directly targeting DACH1 via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colorectal cancer[J].Oncol Lett,2017,14(3):3795-3802.
[17]Guo Y,Wang L,li B,et al.Wnt/β-catenin pathway transactivates microRNA-150 that promotes EMT of colorectal cancer cells by suppressing CREB signaling[J].Oncotarget,2016,7:42513.
[18]Zhao S,Sun H,Jiang W,et al.miR-4775 promotes colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis via the Smad7/TGFβ-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition[J].Mol Cancer,2017,16(1):12.
[19]Huang X,Lu S.MicroR-545 mediates colorectal cancer cells proliferation through up-regulating epidermal growth factor receptor expression in HOTAIR long non-coding RNA dependent[J].Mol Cell Biochem,2017,431(1-2):45-54.
[20]Alam KJ,Mo JS,Han SH,et al.MicroRNA 375 regulates proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells by suppressing the CTGF-EGFR signaling pathway[J].Int J Cancer,2017,141(8):1614-1629.
[21]Mitchell PS,Parkin RK,Kroh EM,et al.Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2008,105:10513-10518.
[22]Ahmed FE,Ahmed NC,Vos PW,et al.Diagnostic microRNA markers to screen for sporadic human colon cancer in stool:I.proof of principle[J].Cancer Genomics Proteomics,2013,10:93-113.
[23]Hu JJ,Zeng L,Li KX,et al.The importance of microRNA-221 in stool for diagnosis early colorectal cancer[J].Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,2016,26(22):25-27.[胡晶晶,曾理,李开学,等.粪便microRNA-221对早期结直肠癌检出的意义[J].深圳中西医结合杂志,2016,26(22):25-27.]
[24]Zhu YX,Xu AD,Li JM,et al.Fecal miR-29a and miR-224 as the noninvasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer[J].Cancer Biomark,2016,16(2):259-264.
[25]Wu CW,Ng Simon SM,Dong Y,et al.Detection of miR-92a and miR-21 in stool samples as potential screening biomarkers for colorectal cancer and polyps[J].Gut,2012,61(5):739-745.
[26]Ghanbari R,Mosakhani N,Sarhadi VK,et al.Simultaneous underexpression of let-7a-5p and let-7f-5p microRNAs in Plasma and Stool Samples from Early Stage Colorectal Carcinoma[J].Biomark Cancer,2016,7(Suppl 1):39-48.
[27]Koga Y,Yasungaga M,Takahashi A,et al.MicroRNA expression profiling of exfoliated colonocytes isolated from feces for colorectal cancer screening[J].Cancer Prev Res(Phila),2010,3(11):1435-1442.
[28]Yau TO,Wu CW,Dong Y,et al.microRNA-221 and mciroRNA-18a identification in stool as potential biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of coloretal carcinoma[J].Br J Cancer,2014,111,1765-1771.
[29]Li Y,Zhen CH,Huang K,et al.Evaluation of microRNA-21 expression in serum and stool as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of colorectal cancer:a meta-analysis[J].Lingnan Modern Clinics in Surgery,2016,16(5):546-552.[李阳,甄潮辉,黄楷,等.MicroRNA-21对结直肠癌诊断价值的Meta分析[J].岭南现代临床外科,2016,16(5):546-552.]
[30]Chang PY,Chen CC,Chang YS,et al.MicroRNA-223 and microRNA-92a in stool and plasma samples act as complementary biomarkers to increase colorectal cancer detection[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(9):10663-10675.
[31]Koga Y,Yamazaki N,Yamamoto Y,et al.Fecal miR-106a is a useful marker for colorectal cancer patients with false-negative results in immunochemical fecal occult blood test[J].Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2013,22(10):1844-1852.
[32]Phua LC,Chue XP,Koh PK,et al.Global fecal microRNAprofiling in the identification ofbiomarkers for colorectal cancer screening among Asians[J].Oncol Rep,2014,32:97-104.
[33]Tong L,Xue H,Xiong L,et al.Improved RT-PCR Assay to Quantitate the Pri-,Pre-,and Mature microRNAs with Higher Efficiency and Accuracy[J].Mol Biotechnol,2015,57(10):939-946.
[34]Schmittgen TD,Jiang J,Liu Q,et al.A high-throughput method to monitor the expression of microRNA precursors[J].Nucleic Acids Res,2004,32:e43.
[35]Planell-Saguer MD,Rodicio MC.Detection methods for microRNAs in clinic practice[J].Clin Biochem,2013,46:869-878.
[36]Rotelli MT,Di Lena M,Cavallini A,et al.Fecal microR-NA profile in patients with colorectal carcinoma before and after curative surgery[J].Int J Colorectal Dis,2015,30(7):891-898.
[37]Ahmed FE,Ahmed NC,Vos PW,et al.Diagnostic microRNA markers to screen for sporadic human colon cancer in stool:I.Proof of principle[J].Cancer Genomics Proteomics,2013,10(3):93-113.
[38]Guerau-de-Arellano M,Alder H,Ozer HG,et al.miRNAprofiling for biomarker discovery in multiple sclerosis:from microarray to deep sequencing[J].J Neuroimmunol,2012,248:32-39.
[39]Stokowy T,Eszlinger M,Swierniak M,et al.Analysis options for high-throughput sequencing in miRNA expression profiling[J].BMC Res Notes,2014,7:1-12.
[40]Costa V,Angelini C,De Feis I,Ciccodicola A.Uncovering the complexity of transcriptomes with RNA-Seq[J].J Biomed Biotechnol,2010:853916.
[41]Murakami Y,Tanahashi T,Okada R,et al.Comparison of hepatocellular carcinoma miRNA expression profiling as evaluated by next generation sequencing and microarray[J].PLoS One,2014,9(9):e106314.
[42]Jiang JL,Mao MG,LüHQ,et al.Digital gene expression analysis of Takifugu rubripes brain after acute hypoxia exposure using next-generation sequencing[J].Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics,2017,24:12-18.
[43]Matsumura H,Yoshida K,Luo S,et al.High-throughput Super SAGE for digital gene expression analysis of multiple samples using next generation sequencing[J].PLoSOne,2010,5(8):e12010.
[44]Stokowy T,Eszlinger M,Swierniak M,et al.Analysis options for high-throughput sequencing in miRNA expression profiling[J].BMC Res Notes,2014,7:1-12.
[2]Moghimi-Dehkordi B,Safaee A.An overview of colorectal cancer survival rates and prognosis in Asia[J].World JGastrointest Oncol,2012,4(4):71-75.
[3]Hoff G,Dominitz JA.Contrasting US and European approaches to colorectal cancer screening:which is best?[J].Gut,2010,59(3):407-414.
[4]Rex DK,Johnson DA,Anderson JC,et al.American college of gastroenterology guidelines for colorectal cancer screening[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2009,104:739-750.
[5]CortéH,Manceau G,Blons H,et al.MicroRNA and colorectal cancer[J].Digestive and Liver Disease,2012,195-200.
[6]Xie YH,Gao QY,Cai GX,et al.Fecal clostridium symbiosum for noninvasive detection of early and advanced colorectal cancer:test and validation studies[J].Engl Biomedicine,2017,25:32-40.
[7]Xuan Y,Yang HL,Zhao LJ,et al.MicroRNAs in colorectal cancer:small molecules with big functions[J].Cancer Lett,2015,360:89-105.
[8]Moretti F,D'Antona P,Finardi E,et al.Systematic review and critique of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of stageⅠ-Ⅱnon-small cell lung cancer[J].Oncotarget,2017,8(55):94980-94996.
[9]Karmakar S,Kaushik G,Nimmakayala R,et al.MicroRNAregulation of K-Ras in pancreatic cancer and opportunities for therapeutic intervention[J].Semin Cancer Biol,2017,pii:S104-579X(17)30234-1.
[10]Awasthi R,Rathbone MJ,Hansbro PM,et al.Therapeutic prospects ofmicroRN As in cancer treatment through nanotechnology[J].Drug Deliv Transl Res,2018,8(1):97-110.
[11]Lewis BP,Burge CB,Bartel DP.Conserved seed pairing,often flanked by adenosines,indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets[J].Cell,2005,120:15-20.
[12]Toiyama Y,Okugawa Y,Tanaka K,et al.A panel of methylated microRNA biomarkers for identifying high-risk patients with ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer[J].Gastroenterology,2017,153(6):1634-1646.
[13]Park YR,Kim SL,Lee MR,et al.MicroRNA-30a-5p(miR-30a)regulates cell motility and EMT by directly targeting oncogenic TM4SF1 in colorectal cancer[J].J Cancer Res Clin Oncol,2017,143(10):1915-1927.
[14]Oliveira RC,Ivanovic RF,Leite KRM,et al.Expression of micro-RNAs and genes related to angiogenesis in ccRCCand associations with tumor characteristic[J].BMC Urol,2017,17(1):113.
[15]Nijhuis A,Thompson H,Adam J,et al.Remodelling of microRNAs in colorectal cancer by hypoxia alters metabolism profiles and 5-fluorouracil resistance[J].Hum Mol Genet,2017,26(8):1552-1564.
[16]Cao J,Yan XR,Liu T,et al.MicroRNA-552 promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration by directly targeting DACH1 via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colorectal cancer[J].Oncol Lett,2017,14(3):3795-3802.
[17]Guo Y,Wang L,li B,et al.Wnt/β-catenin pathway transactivates microRNA-150 that promotes EMT of colorectal cancer cells by suppressing CREB signaling[J].Oncotarget,2016,7:42513.
[18]Zhao S,Sun H,Jiang W,et al.miR-4775 promotes colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis via the Smad7/TGFβ-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition[J].Mol Cancer,2017,16(1):12.
[19]Huang X,Lu S.MicroR-545 mediates colorectal cancer cells proliferation through up-regulating epidermal growth factor receptor expression in HOTAIR long non-coding RNA dependent[J].Mol Cell Biochem,2017,431(1-2):45-54.
[20]Alam KJ,Mo JS,Han SH,et al.MicroRNA 375 regulates proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells by suppressing the CTGF-EGFR signaling pathway[J].Int J Cancer,2017,141(8):1614-1629.
[21]Mitchell PS,Parkin RK,Kroh EM,et al.Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2008,105:10513-10518.
[22]Ahmed FE,Ahmed NC,Vos PW,et al.Diagnostic microRNA markers to screen for sporadic human colon cancer in stool:I.proof of principle[J].Cancer Genomics Proteomics,2013,10:93-113.
[23]Hu JJ,Zeng L,Li KX,et al.The importance of microRNA-221 in stool for diagnosis early colorectal cancer[J].Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,2016,26(22):25-27.[胡晶晶,曾理,李开学,等.粪便microRNA-221对早期结直肠癌检出的意义[J].深圳中西医结合杂志,2016,26(22):25-27.]
[24]Zhu YX,Xu AD,Li JM,et al.Fecal miR-29a and miR-224 as the noninvasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer[J].Cancer Biomark,2016,16(2):259-264.
[25]Wu CW,Ng Simon SM,Dong Y,et al.Detection of miR-92a and miR-21 in stool samples as potential screening biomarkers for colorectal cancer and polyps[J].Gut,2012,61(5):739-745.
[26]Ghanbari R,Mosakhani N,Sarhadi VK,et al.Simultaneous underexpression of let-7a-5p and let-7f-5p microRNAs in Plasma and Stool Samples from Early Stage Colorectal Carcinoma[J].Biomark Cancer,2016,7(Suppl 1):39-48.
[27]Koga Y,Yasungaga M,Takahashi A,et al.MicroRNA expression profiling of exfoliated colonocytes isolated from feces for colorectal cancer screening[J].Cancer Prev Res(Phila),2010,3(11):1435-1442.
[28]Yau TO,Wu CW,Dong Y,et al.microRNA-221 and mciroRNA-18a identification in stool as potential biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of coloretal carcinoma[J].Br J Cancer,2014,111,1765-1771.
[29]Li Y,Zhen CH,Huang K,et al.Evaluation of microRNA-21 expression in serum and stool as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of colorectal cancer:a meta-analysis[J].Lingnan Modern Clinics in Surgery,2016,16(5):546-552.[李阳,甄潮辉,黄楷,等.MicroRNA-21对结直肠癌诊断价值的Meta分析[J].岭南现代临床外科,2016,16(5):546-552.]
[30]Chang PY,Chen CC,Chang YS,et al.MicroRNA-223 and microRNA-92a in stool and plasma samples act as complementary biomarkers to increase colorectal cancer detection[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(9):10663-10675.
[31]Koga Y,Yamazaki N,Yamamoto Y,et al.Fecal miR-106a is a useful marker for colorectal cancer patients with false-negative results in immunochemical fecal occult blood test[J].Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2013,22(10):1844-1852.
[32]Phua LC,Chue XP,Koh PK,et al.Global fecal microRNAprofiling in the identification ofbiomarkers for colorectal cancer screening among Asians[J].Oncol Rep,2014,32:97-104.
[33]Tong L,Xue H,Xiong L,et al.Improved RT-PCR Assay to Quantitate the Pri-,Pre-,and Mature microRNAs with Higher Efficiency and Accuracy[J].Mol Biotechnol,2015,57(10):939-946.
[34]Schmittgen TD,Jiang J,Liu Q,et al.A high-throughput method to monitor the expression of microRNA precursors[J].Nucleic Acids Res,2004,32:e43.
[35]Planell-Saguer MD,Rodicio MC.Detection methods for microRNAs in clinic practice[J].Clin Biochem,2013,46:869-878.
[36]Rotelli MT,Di Lena M,Cavallini A,et al.Fecal microR-NA profile in patients with colorectal carcinoma before and after curative surgery[J].Int J Colorectal Dis,2015,30(7):891-898.
[37]Ahmed FE,Ahmed NC,Vos PW,et al.Diagnostic microRNA markers to screen for sporadic human colon cancer in stool:I.Proof of principle[J].Cancer Genomics Proteomics,2013,10(3):93-113.
[38]Guerau-de-Arellano M,Alder H,Ozer HG,et al.miRNAprofiling for biomarker discovery in multiple sclerosis:from microarray to deep sequencing[J].J Neuroimmunol,2012,248:32-39.
[39]Stokowy T,Eszlinger M,Swierniak M,et al.Analysis options for high-throughput sequencing in miRNA expression profiling[J].BMC Res Notes,2014,7:1-12.
[40]Costa V,Angelini C,De Feis I,Ciccodicola A.Uncovering the complexity of transcriptomes with RNA-Seq[J].J Biomed Biotechnol,2010:853916.
[41]Murakami Y,Tanahashi T,Okada R,et al.Comparison of hepatocellular carcinoma miRNA expression profiling as evaluated by next generation sequencing and microarray[J].PLoS One,2014,9(9):e106314.
[42]Jiang JL,Mao MG,LüHQ,et al.Digital gene expression analysis of Takifugu rubripes brain after acute hypoxia exposure using next-generation sequencing[J].Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics,2017,24:12-18.
[43]Matsumura H,Yoshida K,Luo S,et al.High-throughput Super SAGE for digital gene expression analysis of multiple samples using next generation sequencing[J].PLoSOne,2010,5(8):e12010.
[44]Stokowy T,Eszlinger M,Swierniak M,et al.Analysis options for high-throughput sequencing in miRNA expression profiling[J].BMC Res Notes,2014,7:1-12.