基于电网的采样感知加权循环调度算法
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摘要
针对智能电网相量测量设备竞争使用有限的网络通信资源时,会因资源分配不均而导致数据包延时或丢失,进而影响电力系统状态估计的精度这一问题,提出了一种采样感知加权循环(SAWRR)调度算法。首先根据电网相量测量单元(PMU)采样频率和数据包大小的特性,提出了基于PMU业务流均方差的权重定义方法;然后设计了相应的PMU采样感知迭代循环调度算法;最后将该算法运用到PMU采样传输模型中。该算法能自适应地感知PMU的采样变化,及时调整数据包的传输。仿真结果表明,与原始的加权循环调度算法相比,SAWRR算法减少了95%的PMU采样数据包的调度时延,降低了一半的丢包率,增加了两倍的吞吐量。将SAWRR算法运用到PMU数据传输中有利于保证智能电网的稳定性。
When the smart grid phasor measurement equipment competes for limited network communication resources, the data packets will be delayed or lost due to uneven resource allocation, which will affect the accuracy of power system state estimation. To solve this problem, a Sampling Awareness Weighted Round Robin(SAWRR) scheduling algorithm was proposed. Firstly, according to the characteristics of Phasor Measurement Unit(PMU) sampling frequency and packet size, a weight definition method based on mean square deviation of PMU traffic flow was proposed. Secondly, the corresponding iterative loop scheduling algorithm was designed for PMU sampling awareness. Finally, the algorithm was applied to the PMU sampling transmission model. The proposed algorithm was able to adaptively sense the sampling changes of PMU and adjust the transmission of data packets in time. The simulation results show that compared with original weighted round robin scheduling algorithm, SAWRR algorithm reduces the scheduling delay of PMU sampling data packet by 95%, halves the packet loss rate and increases the throughput by two times. Applying SAWRR algorithm to PMU data transmission is beneficial to ensure the stability of smart grid.
When the smart grid phasor measurement equipment competes for limited network communication resources, the data packets will be delayed or lost due to uneven resource allocation, which will affect the accuracy of power system state estimation. To solve this problem, a Sampling Awareness Weighted Round Robin(SAWRR) scheduling algorithm was proposed. Firstly, according to the characteristics of Phasor Measurement Unit(PMU) sampling frequency and packet size, a weight definition method based on mean square deviation of PMU traffic flow was proposed. Secondly, the corresponding iterative loop scheduling algorithm was designed for PMU sampling awareness. Finally, the algorithm was applied to the PMU sampling transmission model. The proposed algorithm was able to adaptively sense the sampling changes of PMU and adjust the transmission of data packets in time. The simulation results show that compared with original weighted round robin scheduling algorithm, SAWRR algorithm reduces the scheduling delay of PMU sampling data packet by 95%, halves the packet loss rate and increases the throughput by two times. Applying SAWRR algorithm to PMU data transmission is beneficial to ensure the stability of smart grid.
引文
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[3] ARAVIND M N,ANJU L S,SUNITHA R.Application of compressed sampling to overcome big data issues in synchrophasors[C]// Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 6th International Conference on Power Systems.Piscataway,NJ:IEEE,2016:1-5.
[4] ZHU X,WEN M H F,LI V O K,et al.Optimal PMU-communication link placement for smart grid wide-area measurement systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2018,10(4):4446-4456.
[5] SARAILOO M,WU N E.A new PMU placement algorithm to meet a specified synchrophasor availability[C]// Proceedings of the 2016 Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference.Piscataway,NJ:IEEE,2016:1-5.
[6] GADDE P H,BISWAL M,BRAHMA S,et al.Efficient compression of PMU data in WAMS[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(5):2406-2413.
[7] ZHANG F,CHENG L,LI X,et al.Application of a real-time data compression and adapted protocol technique for WAMS[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(2):653-662.
[8] 鲍兴川,彭林.智能配电网通信多信道调度策略[J].计算机应用,2018,38(5):1476-1480.(BAO X C,PENG L.Multi-channel scheduling strategy in smart distribution network[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2018,38(5):1476-1480.)
[9] 向敏,陈诚.基于改进Dijkstra算法的配用电通信网流量调度策略[J].计算机应用,2018,38(6):1715-1720.(XIANG M,CHEN C.Traffic scheduling strategy based on improved Dijkstra algorithm for power distribution and utilization communication network[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2018,38(6):1715-1720.)
[10] 薛禹胜,徐伟,DONG Z,等.关于广域测量系统及广域控制保护系统的评述[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(15):1-5.(XUE Y S,XU W,DONG Z,et al.A review of wide area measurement system and wide area control system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(15):1-5.)
[11] 鞠平.电力系统广域测量技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2008:9-24.(JU P.Power System Wide Area Measurement Technology[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2008:9-24.)
[12] 窦开明,祝鑫,马梦宇,等.IEEE同步相量相关标准的发展与比较[J].电气应用,2018,37(6):41-45.(DOU K M,ZHU X,MA M Y,et al.Development and comparison of IEEE synchronous phasor related standards[J].Electrotechnical Application,2018,37(6):41-45.)
[13] HAHNE E L.Round-robin scheduling for max-min fairness in data networks[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,1991,9(7):1024-1039.
[14] SHREEDHAR M,VARGHESE G.Efficient fair queuing using deficit round-robin [J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,1996,4(3):375-385.
[15] KATEVENIS M,SIDIROPOULOS S,COURCOUBETIS C.Weighted round-robin cell multiplexing in a general-purpose ATM switch chip[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,1991,9(8):1265-1279.
[16] ITO Y,TASAKA S,ISHIBASHI Y.Variably weighted round robin queueing for core IP routers[C]// Proceedings of the 21st IEEE International Performance,Computing,and Communications Conference.Washington,DC:IEEE Computer Society,2002:159-166.