我国自主研发潮流能发电装置的现场测试与评价分析
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摘要
随着越来越多海洋能发电装置的研发和海试,对其运行状况和发电效果进行测试的需求也越来越迫切。针对我国自主研发的LHD-L-1000林东模块化大型海洋潮流能发电机组的特点,提出了现场测试与评价分析方法,通过实海况测试,从功率特性和电能质量特性两方面综合评价其发电性能。测试结果表明,在功率特性方面,200 k W机组的最大输出功率、转换效率、年发电量均优于300 k W机组;在电能质量特性方面,两台机组的电压偏差、频率偏差、谐波、电压不平衡度和电压波动均满足国家电能质量相关标准,长闪变出现超标。研究成果为潮流电站运营者制定合理有效的运行调度方式及改善措施提供参考。
With the development and sea trials of marine power generation device,the test demand of operation status and power generation efficiency is becoming urgent. In this paper,the characteristics of LHD-L-1 000 Lin Dong Modular large-scale tidal power generation units are analyzed. Then,a field test and evaluation analysis method is proposed. Through the practical testing,the power performance is comprehensively evaluated from the aspect of both the power feature and the power quality. Experimental results show that the maximum power output,conversion efficiency and annual energy output of the 200 k W unit are better than the 300 k W unit in terms of power feature,and the voltage deviation,frequency deviation,harmonics,voltage unbalance and voltage fluctuation are fully compliant with the national power quality standards during the test period,except long-flicker exceeded in terms of power quality. These research results can provide valuable reference for the operators of tidal power stations to formulate reasonable and effective operation modes and improvement measures.
With the development and sea trials of marine power generation device,the test demand of operation status and power generation efficiency is becoming urgent. In this paper,the characteristics of LHD-L-1 000 Lin Dong Modular large-scale tidal power generation units are analyzed. Then,a field test and evaluation analysis method is proposed. Through the practical testing,the power performance is comprehensively evaluated from the aspect of both the power feature and the power quality. Experimental results show that the maximum power output,conversion efficiency and annual energy output of the 200 k W unit are better than the 300 k W unit in terms of power feature,and the voltage deviation,frequency deviation,harmonics,voltage unbalance and voltage fluctuation are fully compliant with the national power quality standards during the test period,except long-flicker exceeded in terms of power quality. These research results can provide valuable reference for the operators of tidal power stations to formulate reasonable and effective operation modes and improvement measures.
引文
[1]叶青.潮流能发电装置电力输出性能监测评估[D].北京:华北电力大学.YE Q.Power out put performance monitoring and evaluation of tidal current energy generation device[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University.
[2]International Electrotechnical Commission.IEC/TS62600-200,Marine energy-wave,tidal and other water current converters-Part 200:Electricity producing tidal energy converters-Power performance assessment[S].2013:1-30.
[3]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB12325-2008,电能质量-供电电压偏差[S].2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB12325-2008,Power quality-Deviation of supply voltage[S].2008.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T15945-2008,电能质量-电力系统频率偏差[S].2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T15945-2008,Power quality-Frequency deviation for power system[S].2008.
[5]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T15543-2008,电能质量-三相电压允许不平衡度[S].2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T15543-2008,Power quality-Three-phase voltage unbalance[S].2008.
[6]国家技术监督局.GB/T14549-1993,电能质量-公用电网谐波[S].1993.Quality and Technology Supervision Bureau.GB/T14549-1993,Power quality-Harmonics in public supply network[S].1993.
[7]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T20320-2013,风力发电机组-电能质量测量和评估方法[S].2013.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T20320-2013,Measurement and assessment of power quality characteristics of wind turbines generator systems[S].2013.
[8]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB12326-2008,电能质量-电压允许波动和闪变[S].2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB12326-2008,Power quality-Voltage fluctuation and flicker[S].2008.
[9]傅一帆,李晓舟.大型潮流电站基础桁架式吊运系统设计及测试研究[J].中国港湾建设,2017,37(6):44-47.FU Y F,LI X D.Design and test research of large power station base truss-system[J].China Harbour Engineering,2017,37(6):44-47
[10]王项南,王静,李雪临,等.潮流能发电系统性能评估方法研究[J].海洋技术.2013,32(3):236-241.WANG X N,WANG J,LI X L,et al.Study on assessment of performance of the tidal energy conversion systems[J].Ocean Technology,2013,32(3):236-241.
[11]吴忠强,庄述燕,韩延光.直驱永磁风电系统能量成形与最大风能捕获[J].仪器仪表学报,2013,34(2):344-351.WU ZH Q,ZHUANG SH Y,HAN Y G.Energy shaping and maximum wind energy capture in direct-drive permanent-magnet wind power system[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2013,34(2):344-351.
[12]MACENRI J,REED M,THIRINGER T.Influence of tidal parameters on Sea Gen power quality performance[C].European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference,2011.
[13]MACENRI J,REED M,THIRINGER T.Power quality performance of the tidal energy converter,Sea Gen[C].30th International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering,American Society of Mechanical Engineers,2011.
[14]蒋斌,吴健,冯亮,等.含分布式发电的有源配电网电压稳态指标计算研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(6):885-891.JIANG B,WU J,FENG L,et al.Research on static voltage stability calculation indicator of active distribution network with distributed generation[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation,2017,31(6):885-891.
[15]刘晏池,王雪,刘佑达,等.基于分布式压缩感知的智能用电网络高分辨率谐波与间谐波测量[J].仪器仪表学报,2015,36(10):2161-2166.LIU Y C,WANG X,LIU Y D,et al.High-resolution harmonic and interharmonic measurement in smart power utilization network based on distributed compressed sensing[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2015,36(10):2161-2166.
[16]王旭,孟克其劳,张占强,等.基于FFT和HHT的Kaiser窗校正的风力发电机组电压闪变测量[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(5):802-808.WANG X,MENG K Q L,ZHANG ZH Q,et al.Voltage flicker measurement of wind turbines using Kaiser window correction based of FFT and HHT[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation,2017,31(5):802-808.
[2]International Electrotechnical Commission.IEC/TS62600-200,Marine energy-wave,tidal and other water current converters-Part 200:Electricity producing tidal energy converters-Power performance assessment[S].2013:1-30.
[3]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB12325-2008,电能质量-供电电压偏差[S].2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB12325-2008,Power quality-Deviation of supply voltage[S].2008.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T15945-2008,电能质量-电力系统频率偏差[S].2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T15945-2008,Power quality-Frequency deviation for power system[S].2008.
[5]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T15543-2008,电能质量-三相电压允许不平衡度[S].2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T15543-2008,Power quality-Three-phase voltage unbalance[S].2008.
[6]国家技术监督局.GB/T14549-1993,电能质量-公用电网谐波[S].1993.Quality and Technology Supervision Bureau.GB/T14549-1993,Power quality-Harmonics in public supply network[S].1993.
[7]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T20320-2013,风力发电机组-电能质量测量和评估方法[S].2013.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB/T20320-2013,Measurement and assessment of power quality characteristics of wind turbines generator systems[S].2013.
[8]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB12326-2008,电能质量-电压允许波动和闪变[S].2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB12326-2008,Power quality-Voltage fluctuation and flicker[S].2008.
[9]傅一帆,李晓舟.大型潮流电站基础桁架式吊运系统设计及测试研究[J].中国港湾建设,2017,37(6):44-47.FU Y F,LI X D.Design and test research of large power station base truss-system[J].China Harbour Engineering,2017,37(6):44-47
[10]王项南,王静,李雪临,等.潮流能发电系统性能评估方法研究[J].海洋技术.2013,32(3):236-241.WANG X N,WANG J,LI X L,et al.Study on assessment of performance of the tidal energy conversion systems[J].Ocean Technology,2013,32(3):236-241.
[11]吴忠强,庄述燕,韩延光.直驱永磁风电系统能量成形与最大风能捕获[J].仪器仪表学报,2013,34(2):344-351.WU ZH Q,ZHUANG SH Y,HAN Y G.Energy shaping and maximum wind energy capture in direct-drive permanent-magnet wind power system[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2013,34(2):344-351.
[12]MACENRI J,REED M,THIRINGER T.Influence of tidal parameters on Sea Gen power quality performance[C].European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference,2011.
[13]MACENRI J,REED M,THIRINGER T.Power quality performance of the tidal energy converter,Sea Gen[C].30th International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering,American Society of Mechanical Engineers,2011.
[14]蒋斌,吴健,冯亮,等.含分布式发电的有源配电网电压稳态指标计算研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(6):885-891.JIANG B,WU J,FENG L,et al.Research on static voltage stability calculation indicator of active distribution network with distributed generation[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation,2017,31(6):885-891.
[15]刘晏池,王雪,刘佑达,等.基于分布式压缩感知的智能用电网络高分辨率谐波与间谐波测量[J].仪器仪表学报,2015,36(10):2161-2166.LIU Y C,WANG X,LIU Y D,et al.High-resolution harmonic and interharmonic measurement in smart power utilization network based on distributed compressed sensing[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2015,36(10):2161-2166.
[16]王旭,孟克其劳,张占强,等.基于FFT和HHT的Kaiser窗校正的风力发电机组电压闪变测量[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(5):802-808.WANG X,MENG K Q L,ZHANG ZH Q,et al.Voltage flicker measurement of wind turbines using Kaiser window correction based of FFT and HHT[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation,2017,31(5):802-808.