鱼类饲料适宜蛋白能量比研究进展
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摘要
鱼类饲料中适宜的蛋白能量比是营养与饲料研究的重要内容,适宜的蛋白能量比既有利于鱼类对饲料中能量与蛋白质的利用,提高饲料的效率,节约饲料成本,又利于增强免疫机能和抗病力,提高肉质品质。文章综述了饲料蛋白能量比的研究方法、对鱼类生理生长的影响及影响饲料蛋能比的因素等,并对鱼类饲料蛋能比发展作以展望。
The appropriate protein to energy ratio in fish feed is an important content of nutrition and feed, whichis helpful for utilizing energy and protein, improving feed efficiency, saving feed cost as well as enhancing immunefunction, and meat quality in fish. In this paper, the research methods of dietary protein-energy ratio, its effects onphysiology and growth of fish and the influence factors on protien to energy ratio were reviewed, and the developmentof suitable dietary protein to energy ratio was prospected.
The appropriate protein to energy ratio in fish feed is an important content of nutrition and feed, whichis helpful for utilizing energy and protein, improving feed efficiency, saving feed cost as well as enhancing immunefunction, and meat quality in fish. In this paper, the research methods of dietary protein-energy ratio, its effects onphysiology and growth of fish and the influence factors on protien to energy ratio were reviewed, and the developmentof suitable dietary protein to energy ratio was prospected.
引文
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[2]柳阳.脂肪和蛋白质水平对工业化养殖大西洋鲑的效应和机制研究[D].广州:中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2013.
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[4]孙金辉,范泽,程镇燕,等.饲料中玉米淀粉添加水平对鲤生长性能、消化酶活性及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1 152-1 159.
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[7]张晨捷,彭士明,陈超,等.饲料蛋白和脂肪水平对云纹石斑鱼幼鱼免疫和抗氧化性能的影响[J].海洋渔业,2016,38(6):634-644.
[8]Wang J,Li B,Ma J,et al.Optimum dietary protein to lipid ratio for Starry flounder(Platichthys stellatus)[J].Aquaculture Research,2017,48(1):189-201.
[9]Wu B,Xiong X,Xie S,et al.Dietary lipid and gross energy affect protein utilization in the rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2016,34(4):740-748.
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[21]肖温温.饲料中脂肪与蛋白质水平对大口黑鲈生长、体组成、非特异性免疫和血液学的影响[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2012.
[22]Rahimnejad S,Bang I C,Park J,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance,feed utilization and body composition of juvenile hybrid grouper,Epinephelus fuscoguttatus×E.lanceolatus[J].Aquaculture,2015,446:283-289.
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[25]Dessen J,Weihe R,Hatlen B,et al.Different growth performance,lipid deposition,and nutrient utilization in in-season(S1)Atlantic salmon post-smolt fed isoenergetic diets differing in protein-to-lipid ratio[J].Aquaculture,2017,473:345-354.
[26]Karalazos V,Bendiksen E?,Bell J G.Interactive effects of dietary protein/lipid level and oil source on growth,feed utilisation and nutrient and fatty acid digestibility of Atlantic salmon[J].Aquaculture,2011,311(1-4):193-200.
[27]Li W,Wen X,Huang Y,et al.Effects of varying protein and lipid levels and protein-to-energy ratios on growth,feed utilization and body composition in juvenile Nibea diacanthus[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2017,23(5):1 035-1 047.
[28]高攀,蒋明,文华,等.不同蛋白能量比饲料对草鱼幼鱼消化酶活性的影响[J].淡水渔业,2009(6):54-58.
[29]李贵锋.不同蛋能比和糖脂比对建鲤幼鱼生长性能、体组成、消化及代谢酶活性的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012.
[30]张磊,危起伟,张书环.饲料蛋白水平对达氏鲟幼鱼生长性能、体组成、消化酶活性以及血液生化指标的影响[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(6):79-85.
[31]涂威,方热军.能量蛋白比在动物营养上的研究进展[J].广东饲料,2010(11):32-35.
[32]陈建明,沈斌乾,潘茜,等.饲料蛋白和脂肪水平对青鱼大规格鱼种生长和体组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2014,38(4):699-705.
[33]陈壮.鲈鱼中、后期饲料蛋白质需求量及最适蛋能比的研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2013.
[34]刘兴旺,王华朗,张海涛,等.卵形鲳鲹幼鱼饲料中适宜蛋白能量比的研究[J].水产科学,2011,30(3):136-139.
[35]陈曦飞,许洁,艾春香.黄颡鱼的营养需求研究与配合饲料研发[J].饲料工业,2011,32(10):48-51.
[36]胡显琼.团头鲂鱼种阶段脂肪(能量)蛋白比和脂肪需要量的研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2012.
[37]蒋湘辉,刘刚,金广海,等.饲料蛋白质和能量水平对草鱼生长和鱼体组成的影响[J].水产学杂志,2010,23(1):24-27.
[38]陈建明,叶金云,沈斌乾,等.饲料蛋白能量比(P/E)对花骨鱼种生长和体成分的影响[J].饲料工业,2009,30(8):20-23.
[39]诸葛燕.不同脂肪(能量)蛋白比饲料及不同脂肪源饲料对花(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus maculatus)生长、生理机能和体脂肪酸组成的影响[D].苏州:苏州大学,2009.
[40]Zhang Y,Sun Z,Wang A,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth,body and plasma biochemical composition and selective gene expression in liver of hybrid snakehead(Channa maculata♀×Channa argus♂)fingerlings[J].Aquaculture,2017,468:1-9.
[41]Junior A C F,Pezzato L E,Koch J F A,et al.The effect of digestible protein to digestible energy ratio and choline supplementation on growth,hematological parameters,liver steatosis and size-sorting stress response in Nile tilapia under field condition[J].Aquaculture,2016,456:83-93.
[42]徐怀兵.不同投喂率下膨化饲料、颗粒饲料对斑点叉尾鮰、草鱼作用效果的比较研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2017.
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[2]柳阳.脂肪和蛋白质水平对工业化养殖大西洋鲑的效应和机制研究[D].广州:中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2013.
[3]Fan Z,Li J,Cheng Z,et al.Protein sparing effect of lipid in diets for common carp(Cyprinus carpio)[J].Adv Eng Res,2015,45:357-368.
[4]孙金辉,范泽,程镇燕,等.饲料中玉米淀粉添加水平对鲤生长性能、消化酶活性及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1 152-1 159.
[5]Fan Z,Qiao X,Sun J,et al.Protein sparing effect of carbohydrate on crowth performance,digestion ability of common carp(Cyprinus carpio)at different feeding frequencies[J].Advances in Applied Biotechnology,2018:191-202.
[6]Li X,Liu W,Jiang Y,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels in practical diets on growth performance and body composition of blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)fingerlings[J].Aquaculture,2010,303(1-4):65-70.
[7]张晨捷,彭士明,陈超,等.饲料蛋白和脂肪水平对云纹石斑鱼幼鱼免疫和抗氧化性能的影响[J].海洋渔业,2016,38(6):634-644.
[8]Wang J,Li B,Ma J,et al.Optimum dietary protein to lipid ratio for Starry flounder(Platichthys stellatus)[J].Aquaculture Research,2017,48(1):189-201.
[9]Wu B,Xiong X,Xie S,et al.Dietary lipid and gross energy affect protein utilization in the rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2016,34(4):740-748.
[10]马学坤.卵形鲳鲹幼鱼对饲料中蛋白能量比和几种必需氨基酸需求的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[11]Hung L T,Binh V T T,Thanh Truc N T,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth,feed utilization and body composition in red-tailed catfish juveniles(Hemibagrus wyckioides,Chaux&Fang 1949)[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2017,23(2):367-374.
[12]Wang Z,Wang K,Deng J,et al.Effects of dietary protein and Lipid levels with different protein-to-energy ratios on growth,feed utilization,and plasma biochemical parameters of dianchi golden line Barbell,Sinocyclocheilus grahami[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2010,35(10):1 524-1 527.
[13]Kim K,Kim K,Han H S,et al.Optimum dietary protein level and protein-to-energy ratio for growth of juvenile oarrot fish,Oplegnathus fasciatus[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2017,48(3):467-477.
[14]Wang J T,Han T,Li X Y,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels with different protein-to-energy ratios on growth performance,feed utilization and body composition of juvenile red-spotted grouper,Epinephelus akaara[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2017,23(5):994-1 002.
[15]田娟,高攀,蒋明,等.饲料蛋白能量比对草鱼幼鱼生长性能、蛋白利用和体成分的影响[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(4):83-90.
[16]Nguyen H Q,Chu T C,Nguyen T T L,et al.Effects of dietary digestible protein and energy levels on growth performance,feed utilization,and body composition of juvenile permit,Trachinotus falcatus(Linnaeus,1758)[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2018,49(5):943-952.
[17]Zhou Q,Wang L,Wang H,et al.Effect of dietary vitamin C on the growth performance and innate immunity of juvenile cobia(Rachycentron canadum)[J].Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2012,32(6):969-975.
[18]蒋湘辉,骆小年,金广海,等.不同蛋白质和脂肪水平饲料对拉氏幼鱼生长、体成分和免疫力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016(3):864-871.
[19]徐革锋,刘洋,郝其睿,等.不同蛋白质和脂肪水平对细鳞鲑幼鱼生长和肌肉氨基酸含量的影响[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(6):1 311-1 319.
[20]唐媛媛.饲料蛋白质水平对卵形鲳鲹消化酶、非特异性免疫和肠道内容物细菌的影响[D].厦门:厦门大学,2014.
[21]肖温温.饲料中脂肪与蛋白质水平对大口黑鲈生长、体组成、非特异性免疫和血液学的影响[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2012.
[22]Rahimnejad S,Bang I C,Park J,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance,feed utilization and body composition of juvenile hybrid grouper,Epinephelus fuscoguttatus×E.lanceolatus[J].Aquaculture,2015,446:283-289.
[23]刘兴旺.大菱鲆及半滑舌鳎蛋白质营养生理研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010.
[24]吕云云,陈四清,于朝磊.饲粮蛋白脂肪比对圆斑星鲽(Veraspervariegates)生长、消化酶及血清生化指标的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2015,36(2):118-124.
[25]Dessen J,Weihe R,Hatlen B,et al.Different growth performance,lipid deposition,and nutrient utilization in in-season(S1)Atlantic salmon post-smolt fed isoenergetic diets differing in protein-to-lipid ratio[J].Aquaculture,2017,473:345-354.
[26]Karalazos V,Bendiksen E?,Bell J G.Interactive effects of dietary protein/lipid level and oil source on growth,feed utilisation and nutrient and fatty acid digestibility of Atlantic salmon[J].Aquaculture,2011,311(1-4):193-200.
[27]Li W,Wen X,Huang Y,et al.Effects of varying protein and lipid levels and protein-to-energy ratios on growth,feed utilization and body composition in juvenile Nibea diacanthus[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2017,23(5):1 035-1 047.
[28]高攀,蒋明,文华,等.不同蛋白能量比饲料对草鱼幼鱼消化酶活性的影响[J].淡水渔业,2009(6):54-58.
[29]李贵锋.不同蛋能比和糖脂比对建鲤幼鱼生长性能、体组成、消化及代谢酶活性的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012.
[30]张磊,危起伟,张书环.饲料蛋白水平对达氏鲟幼鱼生长性能、体组成、消化酶活性以及血液生化指标的影响[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(6):79-85.
[31]涂威,方热军.能量蛋白比在动物营养上的研究进展[J].广东饲料,2010(11):32-35.
[32]陈建明,沈斌乾,潘茜,等.饲料蛋白和脂肪水平对青鱼大规格鱼种生长和体组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2014,38(4):699-705.
[33]陈壮.鲈鱼中、后期饲料蛋白质需求量及最适蛋能比的研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2013.
[34]刘兴旺,王华朗,张海涛,等.卵形鲳鲹幼鱼饲料中适宜蛋白能量比的研究[J].水产科学,2011,30(3):136-139.
[35]陈曦飞,许洁,艾春香.黄颡鱼的营养需求研究与配合饲料研发[J].饲料工业,2011,32(10):48-51.
[36]胡显琼.团头鲂鱼种阶段脂肪(能量)蛋白比和脂肪需要量的研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2012.
[37]蒋湘辉,刘刚,金广海,等.饲料蛋白质和能量水平对草鱼生长和鱼体组成的影响[J].水产学杂志,2010,23(1):24-27.
[38]陈建明,叶金云,沈斌乾,等.饲料蛋白能量比(P/E)对花骨鱼种生长和体成分的影响[J].饲料工业,2009,30(8):20-23.
[39]诸葛燕.不同脂肪(能量)蛋白比饲料及不同脂肪源饲料对花(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus maculatus)生长、生理机能和体脂肪酸组成的影响[D].苏州:苏州大学,2009.
[40]Zhang Y,Sun Z,Wang A,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth,body and plasma biochemical composition and selective gene expression in liver of hybrid snakehead(Channa maculata♀×Channa argus♂)fingerlings[J].Aquaculture,2017,468:1-9.
[41]Junior A C F,Pezzato L E,Koch J F A,et al.The effect of digestible protein to digestible energy ratio and choline supplementation on growth,hematological parameters,liver steatosis and size-sorting stress response in Nile tilapia under field condition[J].Aquaculture,2016,456:83-93.
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