单轴并联式混合动力汽车动力系统转矩分配策略研究
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摘要
针对单轴并联式混合动力汽车,以发动机万有特性和动力电池荷电状态(SOC)为依据,提出了基于能量平衡的逻辑门限的转矩分配控制策略。利用CVT传动系统传动比可连续变化的特性调整发动机工作在高效区,根据发动机万有特性图划分动力系统的工作区间,确定了各工作区间临界阈值参数,制定出整车动力系统控制规则,实时切换了动力系统的工作模式。在不同工作模式下通过确定发动机、驱动电机的最佳工作区对整车需求转矩进行了合理分配,达到提高动力系统的能量利用效率的目标。最后对具有相同动力系统的传统车和该混合动力汽车分别进行了经济性仿真,基于Cruise与Matlab/Simulink仿真平台对提出的转矩分配控制策略进行了联合仿真验证。仿真结果表明:基于能量平衡的逻辑门限的转矩分配策略能够在满足整车动力性的前提下,改善发动机的工作点,增加在高负荷区工作的概率,降低燃油消耗量,提高整车的经济性,并保持动力电池组SOC的波动在高效区内,提高了动力电池的充放电效率,延长其使用寿命。
According to the engine universal characteristics and the state of charge( SOC) of battery of single axis parallel hybrid electric vehicle,a torque distribution control strategy based on the logic threshold of energy balance is proposed. The characteristic of continuous change of the transmission ratio of the CVT system is used to adjust the engine to work in the high efficiency zone. According to the engine's universal characteristic diagram,the working zones of the power system are divided. The critical threshold parameter value is determined,and the power system control rule of the vehicle is developed to real time switching the working mode of the power system. In different working modes,the demanded vehicle torques are reasonably distributed by determine the best operating areas of the engine and the motor to achieve the goal of increasing the energy utilization efficiency of the power system. Finally,the economic simulations of the traditional vehicle and the hybrid power vehicle with the same dynamic system are carried out. Based on Cruise andMatlab/Simulink simulation platform,the proposed torque distribution control strategy is co-simulated and verified. The simulation result shows that the energy balance logic threshold based torque allocation strategy can satisfy the vehicle dynamics,improve the working points of the engine,increase frequency of working in high load area,reduce fuel consumption,improve the vehicle economy,and keep the change of the power battery SOC in high efficiency range. Thus the charging and discharging efficiency of the power battery are improved and operational life span is prolonged.
According to the engine universal characteristics and the state of charge( SOC) of battery of single axis parallel hybrid electric vehicle,a torque distribution control strategy based on the logic threshold of energy balance is proposed. The characteristic of continuous change of the transmission ratio of the CVT system is used to adjust the engine to work in the high efficiency zone. According to the engine's universal characteristic diagram,the working zones of the power system are divided. The critical threshold parameter value is determined,and the power system control rule of the vehicle is developed to real time switching the working mode of the power system. In different working modes,the demanded vehicle torques are reasonably distributed by determine the best operating areas of the engine and the motor to achieve the goal of increasing the energy utilization efficiency of the power system. Finally,the economic simulations of the traditional vehicle and the hybrid power vehicle with the same dynamic system are carried out. Based on Cruise andMatlab/Simulink simulation platform,the proposed torque distribution control strategy is co-simulated and verified. The simulation result shows that the energy balance logic threshold based torque allocation strategy can satisfy the vehicle dynamics,improve the working points of the engine,increase frequency of working in high load area,reduce fuel consumption,improve the vehicle economy,and keep the change of the power battery SOC in high efficiency range. Thus the charging and discharging efficiency of the power battery are improved and operational life span is prolonged.
引文
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[15]巴特,高印寒,曾小华,等.混合动力汽车工作模式切换控制方案[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2016,46(1):21-27.BA Te,GAO Yin-han,ZENG Xiao-hua,et al.Modeswitch Control Scheme for Hybrid Electric Vehicle[J].Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition,2016,46(1):21-27.
[16]王家明,郭晋晟,冒晓建,等.基于双离合器的单轴并联式混合动力系统仿真[J].上海交通大学学报,2008,42(6):42-47.WANG Jia-ming,GUO Jin-sheng,MAO Xiao-jian,et al.Simulation of a Single-axle Parallel Hybrid Electronic System with Two-clutches[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2008,42(6):42-47.
[17]靳旭,严二冬.并联式混合动力客车能量管理策略研究与仿真分析[J].汽车工程学报,2015,5(2):124-129.JIN Xu,YAN Er-dong.Study and Simulation Analysis on Energy Management Strategy of Parallel Hybrid Electric Buses[J].Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering,2015,5(2):124-129.
[18]黄硕,李亮,杨超,等.基于规则修正的同轴并联混合动力客车瞬时优化能量分配策略[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(20):113-121.HUANG Shuo,LI Liang,YANG Chao,et al.Rule Correction-based Instantaneous Optimal Energy Management Strategy for Single-shaft Parallel Hybrid Electric Bus[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(20):113-121.
[2]张承慧,吴剑,崔纳新.基于无级变速器的并联式混合动力汽车能量管理策略[J].机械工程学报,2007,43(10):114-118.ZHANG Cheng-hui,WU Jian,CUI Na-xin.Energy Management Strategy of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle with Continuously Variable Transmission[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2007,43(10):114-118.
[3]沈明星,杨农林.并联混合动力汽车模糊逻辑控制策略的建模和仿真[J].动力学与控制学报,2006,4(4):353-358.SHEN Ming-xing,YANG Nong-lin.Modeling and Simulation of Fuzzy Logic Control Strategy on Parallel Hybrid Electrical Vehicle[J].Journal of Dynamics and Control,2006,4(4):353-358.
[4]秦大同,胡明辉,杨亚联,等.CVT轻度混合动力系统电动机和发动机联合工作模式下的系统效率优化[J].机械工程学报,2008,44(11):171-177.QIN Da-tong,HU Ming-hui,YANG Ya-lian,et al.Optimization of System Efficiency for the Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicle with Continuously Variable Transmission under the Motor and Engine Combined Working Conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(11):171-177.
[5]崔纳新,步刚,吴剑,等.Plug-in并联式混合动力汽车实时优化能量管理策略[J].电工技术学报,2011(11):155-160.CUI Na-xin,BU Gang,WU Jian,et al.Real-time Optimization of Energy Management Strategy for Plug-in Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011(11):155-160.
[6]黄援军,殷承良,张建武.并联式混合动力城市客车最优转矩分配策略[J].上海交通大学学报,2009,43(10):1536-1540.HUANG Yuan-jun,YIN Cheng-liang,ZHANG Jian-wu.Optimal Torque Distribution Control Strategy for Parallel Hybrid Electric Urban Buses[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2009,43(10):1536-1540.
[7]秦大同,刘东阳,杜波,等.重度混合动力汽车驱动模式切换动力源转矩协调控制[J].公路交通科技,2012,29(7):151-158.QIN Da-tong,LIU Dong-yang,DU Bo,et al.Coordinated Torque Control of Power Sources for Driving Mode Switch of Full Hybrid Electric Vehicle[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2012,29(7):151-158.
[8]吴晓刚,王旭东,孙金磊,等.ISG型混合动力汽车粒子群优化模糊控制研究[J].公路交通科技,2011,28(6):146-152.WU Xiao-gang,WANG Xu-dong,SUN Jin-lei,et al.Research on Particle Swarm Optimization Fuzzy Control for ISG Hybrid Electric Vehicle[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2011,28(6):146-152.
[9]严运兵,颜伏伍,杜常清.并联混合动力电动汽车动态协调控制试验研究[J].公路交通科技,2010,27(1):126-131,137.YAN Yun-bing,YAN Fu-wu,DU Chang-qing.Experimental Research on Dynamic Coordinated Control for PHEV[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2010,27(1):126-131,137.
[10]龚海渊,秦大同,刘永刚,等.基于综合燃油消耗率的混合动力汽车能量管理策略研究[J].内燃机,2012(5):37-42.GONG Hai-yuan,QIN Da-tong,LIU Yong-gang,et al.Research for Energy Management Strategy Based on ISFC of Hybrid Electric Vehicle[J].Internal Combustion Engines,2012(5):37-42.
[11]赵子亮,刘东泰,刘明辉,等.并联混合动力汽车控制策略与仿真分析研究[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(12):13-18.ZHAO Zi-liang,LIU Dong-tai,LIU Ming-hui,et al.Study on Control Strategy and Simulation for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(12):13-18.
[12]吴剑,张承慧,崔纳新.基于粒子群优化的并联式混合动力汽车模糊能量管理策略研究[J].控制与决策,2008,23(1):46-50.WU Jian,ZHANG Cheng-hui,CUI Na-xin.Fuzzy Energy Management Strategy of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Particle Swarm Optimization[J].Control and Decision,2008,23(1):46-50.
[13]浦金欢,殷承良,张建武.并联型混合动力汽车燃油经济性最优控制[J].上海交通大学学报,2006,40(6):947-951,957.PU Jin-huan,YIN Cheng-liang,ZHANG Jian-wu.Fuel Optimal Control of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2006,40(6):947-951,957.
[14]杜波,秦大同,段志辉,等.新型并联式混合动力汽车模式切换协调控制[J].中国机械工程,2012,23(6):739-744.DU Bo,QIN Da-tong,DUAN Zhi-hui,et al.Coordinated Control for Mode-switch of a New Parallel HEV[J].Chinese Mechanical Engineering,2012,23(6):739-744.
[15]巴特,高印寒,曾小华,等.混合动力汽车工作模式切换控制方案[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2016,46(1):21-27.BA Te,GAO Yin-han,ZENG Xiao-hua,et al.Modeswitch Control Scheme for Hybrid Electric Vehicle[J].Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition,2016,46(1):21-27.
[16]王家明,郭晋晟,冒晓建,等.基于双离合器的单轴并联式混合动力系统仿真[J].上海交通大学学报,2008,42(6):42-47.WANG Jia-ming,GUO Jin-sheng,MAO Xiao-jian,et al.Simulation of a Single-axle Parallel Hybrid Electronic System with Two-clutches[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2008,42(6):42-47.
[17]靳旭,严二冬.并联式混合动力客车能量管理策略研究与仿真分析[J].汽车工程学报,2015,5(2):124-129.JIN Xu,YAN Er-dong.Study and Simulation Analysis on Energy Management Strategy of Parallel Hybrid Electric Buses[J].Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering,2015,5(2):124-129.
[18]黄硕,李亮,杨超,等.基于规则修正的同轴并联混合动力客车瞬时优化能量分配策略[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(20):113-121.HUANG Shuo,LI Liang,YANG Chao,et al.Rule Correction-based Instantaneous Optimal Energy Management Strategy for Single-shaft Parallel Hybrid Electric Bus[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(20):113-121.