脉冲微波对雄性大鼠生殖系统及其子代的影响
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摘要
采用2.71GHz脉冲微波(脉冲场强为48kV/m,脉宽为750ns,脉冲个数分别为200个×1次、200个×10次、200个×20次)辐照SD雄性大鼠和孕鼠,利用流式细胞术、计算机辅助精子分析系统及水迷宫实验分别检测了精子发生过程中生精细胞DNA损伤情况、附睾内精子活力参数变化及子代学习记忆功能。结果表明:2.71GHz脉冲微波单次辐照会对雄性大鼠的生精过程产生一定的影响,但对附睾内精子质量无明显影响,而多次辐照对精子质量的影响具有累积效应;亲代大鼠在受照后,其子代的生长在短期会受阻,且学习、记忆能力也会受到一定的影响。
The effect of pulse microwave irradiation on the reproductive system of animal and human as well as their offspring is a critical issue that causes interests.In present work,the parental rats were exposed to 2.71 GHz pulses microwave(field strength 48kV/m,pulse width 750 ns,pulse number 200×1,200×10,200×20,respectively),and the DNA damage during the spermatogenesis process,the sperm motility,the growth of the baby offspring,and the learning and memory ability of the adult offspring were studied by means of DNA staining,TUNEL staining,Elisa assay,sperm motility CASA detection,and water maze experiment.The experimental results show that the single irradiation on male rats affects their early spermatogenesis process rather than the sperm motility,while multi-times of irradiation decrease the sperm motility due to the accumulative effect.The growth of baby offspring is temporarily blocked,and the learning and memory ability also trends to be blocked when the parent rats receive the irradiation.
The effect of pulse microwave irradiation on the reproductive system of animal and human as well as their offspring is a critical issue that causes interests.In present work,the parental rats were exposed to 2.71 GHz pulses microwave(field strength 48kV/m,pulse width 750 ns,pulse number 200×1,200×10,200×20,respectively),and the DNA damage during the spermatogenesis process,the sperm motility,the growth of the baby offspring,and the learning and memory ability of the adult offspring were studied by means of DNA staining,TUNEL staining,Elisa assay,sperm motility CASA detection,and water maze experiment.The experimental results show that the single irradiation on male rats affects their early spermatogenesis process rather than the sperm motility,while multi-times of irradiation decrease the sperm motility due to the accumulative effect.The growth of baby offspring is temporarily blocked,and the learning and memory ability also trends to be blocked when the parent rats receive the irradiation.
引文
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[13]裴剑,黄欣,陈树德,等.9.33GHz高功率脉冲微波对IAR20鼠肝细胞和L-02人肝细胞增殖的影响[J].强激光与粒子束,2011,23(11):2580-2584.(Pei Jian,Huang Xin,Chen Shude,et al.Proliferation changes of IAR20and L-02cells exposed to 9.33GHz high power pulse microwave.High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2011,23(11):2580-2584)
[14]张治强,黄惠军,巴涛,等.高功率微波天线增益测试方法研究[J].强激光与粒子束,2014,26:063007.(Zhang Zhiqiang,Huang Huijun,Ba Tao,et al.Research on high power microwave antenna gain measurement method.High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2014,26:063007)
[15]Zribi N,Chakroun N F,Abdallah F B,et al.Effect of freezing-thawing process and quercetin on human sperm survival and DNA integrity[J].Cryobiology,2012,65(3):326-331.
[16]Filby A,Perucha E,Summers H,et al.An imaging flow cytometric method for measuring cell division history and molecular symmetry during mitosis[J].Journal of the International Society for Advancement of Cytometry,2011,79(7):496-506.
[17]Maree L,Vander H G.Quantification and identification of sperm subpopulations using computer-aided sperm analysis and species-specific cut-off values for swimming speed[J].Biotechnic and Histochemistry,2013,88(3/4):181-193.
[18]Bruqqink K A,Jonqbloed W,Biemans E A,et al.Amyloid-βoligomer detection by ELISA in cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue[J].Analytical Biochemistry,2013,433(2):112-120.
[19]Morris R.Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat[J].Journal of Neuroscience Methods,1984,11(1):47-60.
[2]Yamaguchi-Sekino S,Sekino M,Ueno S.Biological effects of electromagnetic fields and recently updated safety guidelines for strong static magnetic fields[J].Magnetic Resonance in Medical Science,2011,10(1):1-10.
[3]金华,王德文,彭瑞云,等.电磁脉冲辐射后小鼠免疫器官损伤的病理研究[J].军事医学科学院院刊,2004,28(6):537-541.(Jin Hua,Wang Dewen,Peng Ruiyun,et al.Pathological changes of immune organs in mouse after electromagnetic pulse irradiation.Bulletin of the Academy of Military Sciences,2004,28(6):537-541)
[4]Esmekaya M A,Ozer C,Seyhan N.900 MHz pulse-modulated radio frequency radiation induces oxidative stress on heart,lung,testis and liver tissues[J].General Physiology and Biophysics,2011,30(1):84-89.
[5]牛富生,王德文,祝西里,等.脉冲微波照射后小鼠脑内星形胶质细胞的延迟效应[J].中国临床康复,2004,8(19):3768-3769.(Niu Fusheng,Wang Dewen,Zhu Xili,et al.Delayed response of astrocytes in the central nervous system of mice after pulsed microwave exposure.Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation,2004,8(19):3768-3769)
[6]曾丽华,郭国祯,任东青,等.高功率微波辐照对雄性大鼠生殖细胞的影响[J].强激光与粒子束,2005,17(8):1267-1271.(Zeng Lihua,Guo Guozhen,Ren Dongqing,et al.High power microwave irradiation effects on sperm cells of male rats.High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2005,17(8):1267-1271)
[7]Duan Weixia,Liu Chuan,Wu Hongjuan,et al.Effects of exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields on spermatogenesis in adult rats[J].Bioelectromagnetics,2014,35(1):58-69.
[8]Almasiova V,Holovska K,Cigankova V,et al.Structural and ultrastructural study of rat testes influenced by electromagnetic radiation[J].Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health,2014,77(13):747-750.
[9]方传勤,高长越,王景周,等.电磁辐射孕鼠对仔鼠神经发生和学习记忆影响研究[J].中国职业医学,2011,38(5):381-386.(Fang Chuanqin,Gao Changyue,Wang Jingzhou,et al.Effects of prenatal exposure to electromagnetic field on cognition function and neurogenesis in offspring of rats.China Occupational Medicine,2011,38(5):381-386)
[10]李瑾慧,刘军叶,蒋大鹏,等.电磁脉冲暴露对雄性BALB/C小鼠子代性别比的影响[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2014,34(8):588-591.(Li Jinhui,Liu Junye,Jiang Dapeng,et al.Effect of EMP on sex ratio of the offspring of male BALB/C mice.Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection,2014,34(8):588-591)
[11]Dundar B,Cesur G,Comlekci S,et al.The effect of the prenatal and post-natal long-term exposure to 50Hz electric field on growth,pubertal development and IGF-1levels in female wistar rats[J].Toxicology and Industrial Health,2009,25(7):479-487.
[12]裴剑,黄欣,陈树德,等.高功率脉冲微波细胞生物效应中脉冲个数与效应的关系研究[J].辐射防护,2012,32(1):1-7.(Pei Jian,Huang Xin,Chen Shude,et al.The relationship between pulse number and effect in cell biological effects induced by high power pulse microwave.Radiation Protection,2012,32(1):1-7)
[13]裴剑,黄欣,陈树德,等.9.33GHz高功率脉冲微波对IAR20鼠肝细胞和L-02人肝细胞增殖的影响[J].强激光与粒子束,2011,23(11):2580-2584.(Pei Jian,Huang Xin,Chen Shude,et al.Proliferation changes of IAR20and L-02cells exposed to 9.33GHz high power pulse microwave.High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2011,23(11):2580-2584)
[14]张治强,黄惠军,巴涛,等.高功率微波天线增益测试方法研究[J].强激光与粒子束,2014,26:063007.(Zhang Zhiqiang,Huang Huijun,Ba Tao,et al.Research on high power microwave antenna gain measurement method.High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2014,26:063007)
[15]Zribi N,Chakroun N F,Abdallah F B,et al.Effect of freezing-thawing process and quercetin on human sperm survival and DNA integrity[J].Cryobiology,2012,65(3):326-331.
[16]Filby A,Perucha E,Summers H,et al.An imaging flow cytometric method for measuring cell division history and molecular symmetry during mitosis[J].Journal of the International Society for Advancement of Cytometry,2011,79(7):496-506.
[17]Maree L,Vander H G.Quantification and identification of sperm subpopulations using computer-aided sperm analysis and species-specific cut-off values for swimming speed[J].Biotechnic and Histochemistry,2013,88(3/4):181-193.
[18]Bruqqink K A,Jonqbloed W,Biemans E A,et al.Amyloid-βoligomer detection by ELISA in cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue[J].Analytical Biochemistry,2013,433(2):112-120.
[19]Morris R.Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat[J].Journal of Neuroscience Methods,1984,11(1):47-60.