高压气液两相射流多级脉动破煤岩特性及致裂机理
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摘要
为了提高水射流破煤岩性能和卸压增透效果,通过理论分析建立了高压气液两相射流的冲击动压模型,推导出影响其破煤岩性能的关键参数体系。采用自主研发的高压气液两相射流破煤岩试验系统,研究了关键参数对气液两相射流的破煤岩特性的影响规律,结果表明:与纯水射流相比,气液两相射流破煤岩压力阈值降低约50%,破碎深度增加25%,破碎坑直径是纯水射流的2倍,破煤岩效率提高80%以上。煤岩体破碎是气-液-固三相耦合作用的结果:气体的掺入改变射流的结构,产生局部脉动作用,强化了射流破岩能力;高压液相脉动冲击作用激发裂纹起裂,高压气相的多级溃灭作用促进裂纹扩展;气相多级溃灭与液相脉动冲击交替作用,最终使煤岩体裂隙贯通、破坏。
In order to improve the coal rock-breaking capacity of water jet and pressure-relief and permeability effect,by establishing the impact dynamic pressure model of high pressure gas-liquid two-phase jet,the key parameters were obtained which affected the capacity of coal rock-breaking.Experimental tests about the characteristics of impacting coal rocks were conducted by self-designing rock breaking test system of high pressure gas-liquid two-phase jet.The results showed that the rock breaking threshold pressure was reduced by 50%,the breaking depth increased 25%,the diameter was 2 times and the efficiency increased about 80% by comparing with pure water jet.The coupling between the gas-liquid-solid three phases resulted in breaking coal:the structure of jet was changed and formed local impulse by mixing gas,which strengthened coal rock-breaking ability;cracks were motivated under high pressure liquid pulsation,which promoted by multilevel collapsing of tiny gas phase.By the multilevel alternation of liquid pulsation and gas phase,the coal rock was broken finally when the original cracks were connected.
In order to improve the coal rock-breaking capacity of water jet and pressure-relief and permeability effect,by establishing the impact dynamic pressure model of high pressure gas-liquid two-phase jet,the key parameters were obtained which affected the capacity of coal rock-breaking.Experimental tests about the characteristics of impacting coal rocks were conducted by self-designing rock breaking test system of high pressure gas-liquid two-phase jet.The results showed that the rock breaking threshold pressure was reduced by 50%,the breaking depth increased 25%,the diameter was 2 times and the efficiency increased about 80% by comparing with pure water jet.The coupling between the gas-liquid-solid three phases resulted in breaking coal:the structure of jet was changed and formed local impulse by mixing gas,which strengthened coal rock-breaking ability;cracks were motivated under high pressure liquid pulsation,which promoted by multilevel collapsing of tiny gas phase.By the multilevel alternation of liquid pulsation and gas phase,the coal rock was broken finally when the original cracks were connected.
引文
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[18]CHILLMAN A,RAMULU M,HASHISH M.Waterjet and water-air jet surface processing of a Titanium alloy:A parametric evaluation[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science&Engineering,2010,132(1):165-174.
[2]EDDINGFIELD D L,ALBRECHT M.Effect of an air-injected shroud on the breakup length of a high-velocity water jet[J].Astm Special Technical Publication,1979.
[3]MOMBER A W.Concrete failure due to air-water jet impingement[J].Journal of Materials Science,2000,35(11):2785-2789.
[4]TERUO Yahiro,HIROSHI Yoshida.High-velocity jet digging method[P].US:4047580.1977-09-13.
[5]ANNONI M,ARLEO F,MALMASSARI C.CFD aided design and experimental validation of an innovative Air Assisted Pure Water Jet cutting system[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214(8):1647-1657.
[6]李记玉.气体保护射流特性及破岩实验研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2008.LI Jiyu.Study on characteristics of gas shrouded water jet and rockerosion experiment[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum,2008.
[7]胡东,王晓川,康勇,等.自振脉冲气液射流振荡及其冲蚀煤岩效应[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(6):983-989.HU Dong,WANG Xiaochuan,KANG Yong,et al.Oscillating characteristics of the self-excited pulsed air-water jet and its erosion performance of coal-rock[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(6):983-989.
[8]卢义玉,葛兆龙,李晓红,等.高压空化水射流破岩主要影响因素的研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(6):1-5.LU Yiyu,GE Zhaolong,LI Xiaohong,et al.Study on main factors of rock breakage with high-pressure cavitating water jets[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2009,41(6):1-5.
[9]FIELD J E,LESSER M B,DEAR J P.Studies of two-dimensional liquid-wedge impact and their relevance to liquid-drop impact problems[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London,1985,41(1821):225-249.
[10]胡东,唐川林,张凤华.脉冲气液射流冲蚀特性实验分析[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(11):141-144.HU Dong,TANG Chuanlin,ZHANG Fenghua.Erosion characteristic of a pulsed air-water jet[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(11):141-144.
[11]JIANG X,SIAMAS G A,JAGUS K,et al.Physical modelling and advanced simulations of gas-liquid two-phase jet flows in atomization and sprays[J].Progress in Energy&Combustion Science,2010,36(2):131-167.
[12]LIU Y,LEE D Y,ROY T,et al.The development of two-phase flow structures in air-water planar bubble jets[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2013,56(10):25-39.
[13]阎昌琪.气液两相流[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2010.
[14]孙家骏.水射流切割技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1992:26-27.
[15]乔时和,林柏泉,段永生,等.基于CFD的气液两相射流引射器设计模拟研究[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(6):115-117.QIAO Shihe,LIN Baiquan,DUAN Yongsheng,et al.Simulation study on design of gas and liquid two phase jet ejector based on CFD[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(6):115-117.
[16]黄炳香.煤岩体水力致裂弱化的理论与应用研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2009.HUANG Bingxiang.Research on theory and application of hydraulic fracture weakening for coal-rock mass[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2009.
[17]王瑞和,倪红坚.高压水射流破岩机理研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(4):118-122.WANG Ruihe,NI Hongjian.Study on rock breaking mechanism under high pressure water jet[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Sciences),2002,26(4):118-122.
[18]CHILLMAN A,RAMULU M,HASHISH M.Waterjet and water-air jet surface processing of a Titanium alloy:A parametric evaluation[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science&Engineering,2010,132(1):165-174.