纳米多孔双金属氧化物NiCo_2O_4的制备及其电化学性能
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摘要
采用快速凝固与脱合金化相结合的方法制备纳米多孔Ni、Ni-Co合金,分别经腐蚀与退火获得纳米多孔NiO、NiCo_2O_4,采用XRD、SEM、TEM、N_2吸附-脱附等对多孔NiO、NiCo_2O_4电极的物相、形貌结构、孔径分布进行表征,并通过循环伏安、恒电流充放电等方法测试多孔电极的电化学性能。结果表明,得到的纳米多孔NiO具有均匀的"泥裂"式结构,在1A·g~(-1)电流密度下比电容为375 F·g~(-1),当电流密度增加至20 A·g~(-1)时的比容保持率为67.5%,在4 A·g~(-1)电流密度下循环充放电1 000次,比容保持率为81.7%;NiCo_2O_4形成典型的开放式纳米多孔双连续结构,其在1A·g~(-1)电流密度下比电容为674 F·g~(-1),当电流密度增加至20 A·g~(-1),比容保持率达72.0%;在4 A·g~(-1)电流密度下循环充放电1 000次,比容保持率达92.9%,双连续纳米多孔结构及其提供的机械稳定性,使得NiCo_2O_4表现出更为优异的超电容性能。
Nanoporous Ni and Ni-Co alloys were prepared by a method of rapid quenching and de-alloying, and the samples were corroded and annealed to synthesize the nanoporous NiO and NiCo_2O_4 material respectively.The composition, morphology and microstructure of NiO and NiCo_2O_4 were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TEM and N_2 adsorption-desorption. The electrochemical performance was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. The results show that the porous NiO has a uniform "mud crack" structure. The specific capacitance of nanoporous NiO is 375 F·g~(-1) at current density of 1A·g~(-1) and its retention ratio remains at 67.5%when the current density increases to 20 A·g~(-1). After galvanostatic charge-discharge 1 000 cycles at 4 A·g~(-1), the retention ratio of specific capacitance is 81.7%. The porous NiCo_2O_4 has a lamellar structure. The specific capacitance of nanoporous NiCo_2O_4 is 674 F·g~(-1) at current density of 1A·g~(-1) and its retention ratio remains at72.0% when the current density increases to 20 A·g~(-1). After galvanostatic charge-discharge 1 000 cycles at 4A·g~(-1), the retention ratio of specific capacitance is 92.9%. NiCo_2O_4 shows superior supercapacitive performance because of the mechanical stability of the bicontinuous nanoporous structure.
Nanoporous Ni and Ni-Co alloys were prepared by a method of rapid quenching and de-alloying, and the samples were corroded and annealed to synthesize the nanoporous NiO and NiCo_2O_4 material respectively.The composition, morphology and microstructure of NiO and NiCo_2O_4 were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TEM and N_2 adsorption-desorption. The electrochemical performance was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. The results show that the porous NiO has a uniform "mud crack" structure. The specific capacitance of nanoporous NiO is 375 F·g~(-1) at current density of 1A·g~(-1) and its retention ratio remains at 67.5%when the current density increases to 20 A·g~(-1). After galvanostatic charge-discharge 1 000 cycles at 4 A·g~(-1), the retention ratio of specific capacitance is 81.7%. The porous NiCo_2O_4 has a lamellar structure. The specific capacitance of nanoporous NiCo_2O_4 is 674 F·g~(-1) at current density of 1A·g~(-1) and its retention ratio remains at72.0% when the current density increases to 20 A·g~(-1). After galvanostatic charge-discharge 1 000 cycles at 4A·g~(-1), the retention ratio of specific capacitance is 92.9%. NiCo_2O_4 shows superior supercapacitive performance because of the mechanical stability of the bicontinuous nanoporous structure.
引文
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