摘要
针对贵州六盘水老鹰山矿区的高硅铝难熔煤灰,在SiO_2-Al_2O_3-CaO三元相图指导下,通过添加CaO对煤灰的熔融性进行调节。利用水冷法研究了CaO对煤灰熔融性的影响机理。采用Factsage软件进行了CaO对煤灰熔融性影响机理的热力学计算。结果表明:随着CaO的增加,煤灰的熔融温度和完全熔化温度均呈现先下降后上升的趋势,当CaO为33.56%(质量分数)时,煤灰的流动温度(FT)为1 236℃;煤灰的高温物相变化和热力学计算均表明,莫来石和石英等高熔点物相的存在是导致高硅铝煤灰难熔的原因,而添加CaO能够破坏煤灰中的难熔矿物并形成钙长石、钙铝黄长石和硅灰石等低熔点化合物,这些矿物容易形成低温共熔混合物而降低煤灰的熔融温度,但过多的CaO会促使煤灰形成多余的钙铝黄长石,使得煤灰越过低共熔区域,导致煤灰的熔融温度升高。
Aiming at improving the fusibility of high silica-alumina refractory coal ash in the Laoyingshan mining area of Liupanshui,Guizhou,CaO was added according to the ternary phase diagram of SiO_2-Al_2 O_3-CaO.Water cooling method was adopted to investigate the mechanism of the effects of CaO on the fusibility of coal ash,the calculation of which was carried out using the Factsage software.The results show that with the increase of mass fraction of CaO,both of the liquidus temperature and fusion temperature of coal ash decrease and then increase.When mass fraction of CaO is 33.56%,the FT(flow temperature)of coal ash is 1 236 ℃;The phase change and thermodynamic calculations indicate that the high silica-aluminum ash being refractory can be attributed to the presence of high melting point phases,such as mullite and quartz.The added CaO can destroy the refractory minerals in the coal ash and form compounds with low liquidus temperature,such as anorthite,gehlenite,wollastonite,and then these compounds tend to form a low-temperature eutectic mixture to reduce the fusion temperature of coal ash.However,excessive CaO will cause the coal ash to form excess gehlenite,which can make the coal ash go through the low melting temperature zone,increasing the fusion temperature of the coal ash.
引文
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