铝合金中间形变热处理工艺方法及研究进展
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摘要
全面综述了铝合金中间形变热处理工艺方法、发展历程以及国内外在中间形变热处理领域的研究动态,分析了中间形变热处理工艺参数对微观结构和力学性能的影响规律,介绍了不同中间形变热处理工艺的特点,总结了研究中存在的一些问题,并提出了相关的解决方案,最后进一步展望了中间形变热处理工艺优化和改进的方法和途径。
The process and development of intermediate thermomechanical treatments( ITMT) are reviewed comprehensively,and the research trends in the ITMT field at home and abroad are introduced. The effects of ITMT parameters on the microstructures and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys are discussed. The characteristics about different ITMT processes are presented as well. Some problems about ITMT technology of aluminium alloys are su mmarized,and relevant solutions are proposed. Finally,the techniques to further improve and develop ITMT processes are envisaged.
The process and development of intermediate thermomechanical treatments( ITMT) are reviewed comprehensively,and the research trends in the ITMT field at home and abroad are introduced. The effects of ITMT parameters on the microstructures and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys are discussed. The characteristics about different ITMT processes are presented as well. Some problems about ITMT technology of aluminium alloys are su mmarized,and relevant solutions are proposed. Finally,the techniques to further improve and develop ITMT processes are envisaged.
引文
[1]何易.形变热处理工艺对高强铝合金组织及性能的影响[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2016.
[2]田荣璋,王祝堂.铝合金及其加工手册[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2000.
[3]DiRusso E,Conserva M,Gatto F,et al. Thermomechanical treatments on high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys[J]. Metallurgical Transactions,1973,4(6):1133-1144.
[4]Di Russo E,Conserva M,Buratti M,et al. A new thermo-mechanical procedure for improving the ductility and toughness of Al Zn Mg Cu alloys in the transverse directions[J]. Material Science and Engineering,1974,14:23-36.
[5]霍望图,郭明星,侯陇刚,等.铝合金先进形变热处理研究进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2014,32(2):284-292.Huo Wangtu, Guo Mingxing, Hou Longgang, et al. Progress on research of advanced thermomechanical treatment of aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2014,32(2):284-292.
[6]姚洪瀚. 7050铝合金一种新型形变热处理工艺研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.Yao Honghan. A new thermal mechanical treatment of 7050 aluminium alloy[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.
[7]曹志强,冯亚利,王同敏,等. 7050铝合金最终形变热处理工艺优化[J].大连理工大学学报,2012,52(6):823-828.Cao Zhiqiang,Feng Yali,Wang Tongmin,et al. Optimization of final thermomechanical treatment process on 7050 aluminium alloy[J].Journal of Dalian University Technology,2012,52(6):823-828.
[8] Waldman J,Sulinski H,Markus H. The effect of ingot processing treatments on the grain size and properties of Al alloy 7075[J].Metallurgical Transactions,1974,5(3):573-584.
[9]Lademo O G,Pedersen K O,Berstad T,et al. An experimental and numerical study on the formability of textured Al-Zn-Mg alloys[J].European Journal of Mechanics A,2008,27(2):116-140.
[10]Tajally M,Emadoddin E. Mechanical and anisotropic behaviors of7075 aluminum alloy sheets[J]. Materials and Design,2011,32(3):1594-1599.
[11]Waldman J,Sulinski H,Markus H. Processes for the fabrication of7000 series aluminum alloys,US:3847681[P]. 1974-11-12.
[12]Ward B R, Agrawal S P, Ashton R F. Method of producing superplastic aluminum sheet,US:4486244[P]. 1984-12-04.
[13]Wert J A,Paton N E,Hamilton C H,et al. Grain refinement in 7075aluminum by thermomechanical processing[J]. Metallurgical Transactions,1981,12(7):1267-1276.
[14]Vandermeer R A. Microstructural descriptors and the effects of nuclei clustering on recrystallization path kinetics[J]. Acta Materialia,2005,53(5):1449-1457.
[15]Poole W J, Militzer M, Wells M A. Modelling recovery and recrystallisation during annealing of AA5754 aluminium alloy[J].Metal Science Journal,2003,19(10):1361-1368.
[16]Markushev M V. On the principles of the deformation methods of grain refinement in aluminum alloys to ultrafine size:II. Ultrafine-grained alloys[J]. Physics of Metals and Metallography,2009,108(1):43-49.
[17] Vandermeer R A,Juul Jensen D. Effects of nuclei clustering on recrystallization kinetics[J]. Materials Science Forum,2004,467-470:193-196.
[18]Troeger L P, Jr E A S. Particle-stimulated nucleation of recrystallization for grain-size control and superplasticity in an Al-MgSi-Cu alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2000,293(1/2):19-29.
[19]丁向群,何国求,陈成澍,等. 6000系汽车车用铝合金的研究应用进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2005,23(2):302-305.Ding Xiangqun,He Guoqin,Chen Chengsu,et al. Advance in studies of 6000 aluminum alloy for automobile[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2005,23(2):302-305.
[20]Huang L P,Chen K H,Li S,et al. Influence of high-temperature preprecipitation on local corrosion behaviors of Al-Zn-Mg alloy[J].Scripta Materialia,2007,56(4):305-308.
[21]黄兰萍,陈康华,李松.高温预析出对A-Zn-Mg铝合金组织、力学性能和应力腐蚀性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2005,15(5):727-733.Huang Lanping,Chen Kanghua,Li Song. Effect of high-temperature pre-precipitation on microstructure,mechanical property and stress corrosion cracking of Al-Zn-Mg aluminum alloy[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2005,15(5):727-733.
[22]Yang H S,Mukherjee A K,Roberts W T. Effect of cooling rate in overageing and other thermomechanical process parameters on grain refinement in an AA7475 aluminium alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science,1992,27(9):2515-2524.
[23]Wert J A,Austin L K. Modeling of thermomechanical processing of heat-treatable aluminum alloys[J]. Metallurgical Transactions A,1988,19(3):617-625.
[24]Smolej A, Gnamus M, Slacek E. The influence of the thermomechanical processing and forming parameters on superplastic behaviour of the 7475 aluminium alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2001,118(1/3):397-402.
[25]Bampton C C,Wert J A,Mahoney M W. Heating rate effects on recrystallized grain size in two Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys[J]. Metallurgical Transactions A,1982,13(2):193-198.
[26]Primig S,Leitner H,Knabl W,et al. Influence of the heating rate on the recrystallization behavior of molybdenum[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2012,535:316-324.
[27]Kaibyshev R,Sakai T,Musin F,et al. Superplastic behavior of a7055 aluminum alloy[J]. Scripta Materialia,2001,45(12):1373-1380.
[28]林高用,杨伟,孙利平. Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Cr合金厚板组织细化[J].中国有色金属学报,2008,18(8):1432-1439.Lin Gaoyong,Yang Wei,Sun Liping. Structure refinement of Al-ZnMg-Cu-Cr alloy thick plates[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2008,18(8):1432-1439.
[29]郑青春,刘志义,宁爱林,等.超塑预处理对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金显微组织及力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2005,30(12):23-26.Zheng Qingchun,Liu Zhiyi,Ning Ailin,et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy by superplastic pretreatment[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2005, 30(12):23-26.
[30]张云崖,邓运来,万里,等.形变热处理对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金板材组织与硬度的影响[J].金属学报,2011,47(10):1270-1276.Zhang Yunya, Deng Yunlai, Wan Li, et al. Effect of thermal mechanical treatment on the microstructures and hardness of an Al-ZnMg-Cu alloy plate[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2011,47(10):1270-1276.
[31]Ou B L,Yang J G,Yang C K. Effects of step-quench and aging on mechanical properties and resistance to stress corrosion cracking of7050 aluminum alloy[J]. JIM Materials Transactions,2000,41(7):783-789.
[32]Tsai T C,Chuang T H. Role of grain size on the stress corrosion cracking of 7475 aluminum alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,1997,225(1/2):135-144.
[33]魏建锋,何明,张晨.中间形变热处理对8090铝锂合金组织和性能的影响[J].西北工业大学学报,1995,13(4):553-557.Wei Jianfeng,He Ming,Zhang Chen. Effect of overaging temperature and final rolling temperature on 8090 Al-Li alloy[J]. Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,1995,13(4):553-557.
[34]Ye L Y,Zhang X M,Liu Y W,et al. Effect of two step aging on recrystallised grain size of Al-Mg-Li alloy[J]. Materials Science and Technology,2011,27(1):125-131.
[35]Troeger L P, Jr Starke E A. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of a superplastic 6xxx aluminum alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2000,277(1/2):102-113.
[36]李思,姜业欣,李周.形变热处理对Cu-2. 7Ti-0. 15Mg-0. 1Ce-0. 1Zr合金组织和性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(3):127-131.Li Si,Jiang Yexin,Li Zhou. Effect of thermal-mechanical process on microstructure and property of Cu-2. 7Ti-0. 15Mg-0. 1Ce-0. 1Zr alloy[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2016,37(3):127-131.
[37]有色金属及热处理编写组.有色金属及热处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1981.
[38]Singh S,Goel D B. Influence of thermomechanical ageing on tensile properties of 2014 aluminium alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science,1990,25(9):3894-3900.
[39]毛柏平,闫晓东,沈健. 2197铝锂合金形变热处理中T1相的析出行为[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(9):2366-2371.Mao Baiping,Yan Xiaodong,Shen Jian. Precipitation behavior of T1phase during thermo-mechanical treatment of 2197 Al-Li alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(9):2366-2371.
[40]洪班德.高强铝合金形变热处理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[41]Sanders R E,Starke E A. The effect of intermediate thermomechanical treatments on the fatigue properties of a 7050 aluminum alloy[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1978,9(8):1087-1100.
[42] Fan X G,Jiang D M,Meng Q C. Influence of quench on ageing response and mechanical properties of A-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2006,16(S1):1248-1253.
[43]Kaibyshev R,Sakai T,Musin F,et al. Superplastic behavior of a7055 aluminum alloy[J]. Scripta Materialia,2001,45(12):1373-1380.
[44]Warner T. Recently developed aluminium solutions for aerospace applications[J]. Materials Science Forum, 2006, 519-521:1271-1278.
[45]Deschamps A,Brechet Y,Livet F. Influence of copper addition on precipitation kinetics and hardening in Al-Zn-Mg alloy[J]. Acta Materialia,1999,47(1):281-292.
[46]Wang Y, Chen M,Zhou F, et al. High tensile ductility in a nanostructured metal[J]. Nature,2002,419(6910):912-915.
[47] Yang D K,Hodgson P D,Wen C E. Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility of titanium via multimodal grain structure[J].Scripta Materialia,2010,63(9):941-944.
[2]田荣璋,王祝堂.铝合金及其加工手册[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2000.
[3]DiRusso E,Conserva M,Gatto F,et al. Thermomechanical treatments on high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys[J]. Metallurgical Transactions,1973,4(6):1133-1144.
[4]Di Russo E,Conserva M,Buratti M,et al. A new thermo-mechanical procedure for improving the ductility and toughness of Al Zn Mg Cu alloys in the transverse directions[J]. Material Science and Engineering,1974,14:23-36.
[5]霍望图,郭明星,侯陇刚,等.铝合金先进形变热处理研究进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2014,32(2):284-292.Huo Wangtu, Guo Mingxing, Hou Longgang, et al. Progress on research of advanced thermomechanical treatment of aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2014,32(2):284-292.
[6]姚洪瀚. 7050铝合金一种新型形变热处理工艺研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.Yao Honghan. A new thermal mechanical treatment of 7050 aluminium alloy[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.
[7]曹志强,冯亚利,王同敏,等. 7050铝合金最终形变热处理工艺优化[J].大连理工大学学报,2012,52(6):823-828.Cao Zhiqiang,Feng Yali,Wang Tongmin,et al. Optimization of final thermomechanical treatment process on 7050 aluminium alloy[J].Journal of Dalian University Technology,2012,52(6):823-828.
[8] Waldman J,Sulinski H,Markus H. The effect of ingot processing treatments on the grain size and properties of Al alloy 7075[J].Metallurgical Transactions,1974,5(3):573-584.
[9]Lademo O G,Pedersen K O,Berstad T,et al. An experimental and numerical study on the formability of textured Al-Zn-Mg alloys[J].European Journal of Mechanics A,2008,27(2):116-140.
[10]Tajally M,Emadoddin E. Mechanical and anisotropic behaviors of7075 aluminum alloy sheets[J]. Materials and Design,2011,32(3):1594-1599.
[11]Waldman J,Sulinski H,Markus H. Processes for the fabrication of7000 series aluminum alloys,US:3847681[P]. 1974-11-12.
[12]Ward B R, Agrawal S P, Ashton R F. Method of producing superplastic aluminum sheet,US:4486244[P]. 1984-12-04.
[13]Wert J A,Paton N E,Hamilton C H,et al. Grain refinement in 7075aluminum by thermomechanical processing[J]. Metallurgical Transactions,1981,12(7):1267-1276.
[14]Vandermeer R A. Microstructural descriptors and the effects of nuclei clustering on recrystallization path kinetics[J]. Acta Materialia,2005,53(5):1449-1457.
[15]Poole W J, Militzer M, Wells M A. Modelling recovery and recrystallisation during annealing of AA5754 aluminium alloy[J].Metal Science Journal,2003,19(10):1361-1368.
[16]Markushev M V. On the principles of the deformation methods of grain refinement in aluminum alloys to ultrafine size:II. Ultrafine-grained alloys[J]. Physics of Metals and Metallography,2009,108(1):43-49.
[17] Vandermeer R A,Juul Jensen D. Effects of nuclei clustering on recrystallization kinetics[J]. Materials Science Forum,2004,467-470:193-196.
[18]Troeger L P, Jr E A S. Particle-stimulated nucleation of recrystallization for grain-size control and superplasticity in an Al-MgSi-Cu alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2000,293(1/2):19-29.
[19]丁向群,何国求,陈成澍,等. 6000系汽车车用铝合金的研究应用进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2005,23(2):302-305.Ding Xiangqun,He Guoqin,Chen Chengsu,et al. Advance in studies of 6000 aluminum alloy for automobile[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2005,23(2):302-305.
[20]Huang L P,Chen K H,Li S,et al. Influence of high-temperature preprecipitation on local corrosion behaviors of Al-Zn-Mg alloy[J].Scripta Materialia,2007,56(4):305-308.
[21]黄兰萍,陈康华,李松.高温预析出对A-Zn-Mg铝合金组织、力学性能和应力腐蚀性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2005,15(5):727-733.Huang Lanping,Chen Kanghua,Li Song. Effect of high-temperature pre-precipitation on microstructure,mechanical property and stress corrosion cracking of Al-Zn-Mg aluminum alloy[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2005,15(5):727-733.
[22]Yang H S,Mukherjee A K,Roberts W T. Effect of cooling rate in overageing and other thermomechanical process parameters on grain refinement in an AA7475 aluminium alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science,1992,27(9):2515-2524.
[23]Wert J A,Austin L K. Modeling of thermomechanical processing of heat-treatable aluminum alloys[J]. Metallurgical Transactions A,1988,19(3):617-625.
[24]Smolej A, Gnamus M, Slacek E. The influence of the thermomechanical processing and forming parameters on superplastic behaviour of the 7475 aluminium alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2001,118(1/3):397-402.
[25]Bampton C C,Wert J A,Mahoney M W. Heating rate effects on recrystallized grain size in two Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys[J]. Metallurgical Transactions A,1982,13(2):193-198.
[26]Primig S,Leitner H,Knabl W,et al. Influence of the heating rate on the recrystallization behavior of molybdenum[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2012,535:316-324.
[27]Kaibyshev R,Sakai T,Musin F,et al. Superplastic behavior of a7055 aluminum alloy[J]. Scripta Materialia,2001,45(12):1373-1380.
[28]林高用,杨伟,孙利平. Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Cr合金厚板组织细化[J].中国有色金属学报,2008,18(8):1432-1439.Lin Gaoyong,Yang Wei,Sun Liping. Structure refinement of Al-ZnMg-Cu-Cr alloy thick plates[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2008,18(8):1432-1439.
[29]郑青春,刘志义,宁爱林,等.超塑预处理对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金显微组织及力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2005,30(12):23-26.Zheng Qingchun,Liu Zhiyi,Ning Ailin,et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy by superplastic pretreatment[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2005, 30(12):23-26.
[30]张云崖,邓运来,万里,等.形变热处理对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金板材组织与硬度的影响[J].金属学报,2011,47(10):1270-1276.Zhang Yunya, Deng Yunlai, Wan Li, et al. Effect of thermal mechanical treatment on the microstructures and hardness of an Al-ZnMg-Cu alloy plate[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2011,47(10):1270-1276.
[31]Ou B L,Yang J G,Yang C K. Effects of step-quench and aging on mechanical properties and resistance to stress corrosion cracking of7050 aluminum alloy[J]. JIM Materials Transactions,2000,41(7):783-789.
[32]Tsai T C,Chuang T H. Role of grain size on the stress corrosion cracking of 7475 aluminum alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,1997,225(1/2):135-144.
[33]魏建锋,何明,张晨.中间形变热处理对8090铝锂合金组织和性能的影响[J].西北工业大学学报,1995,13(4):553-557.Wei Jianfeng,He Ming,Zhang Chen. Effect of overaging temperature and final rolling temperature on 8090 Al-Li alloy[J]. Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,1995,13(4):553-557.
[34]Ye L Y,Zhang X M,Liu Y W,et al. Effect of two step aging on recrystallised grain size of Al-Mg-Li alloy[J]. Materials Science and Technology,2011,27(1):125-131.
[35]Troeger L P, Jr Starke E A. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of a superplastic 6xxx aluminum alloy[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2000,277(1/2):102-113.
[36]李思,姜业欣,李周.形变热处理对Cu-2. 7Ti-0. 15Mg-0. 1Ce-0. 1Zr合金组织和性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(3):127-131.Li Si,Jiang Yexin,Li Zhou. Effect of thermal-mechanical process on microstructure and property of Cu-2. 7Ti-0. 15Mg-0. 1Ce-0. 1Zr alloy[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2016,37(3):127-131.
[37]有色金属及热处理编写组.有色金属及热处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1981.
[38]Singh S,Goel D B. Influence of thermomechanical ageing on tensile properties of 2014 aluminium alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science,1990,25(9):3894-3900.
[39]毛柏平,闫晓东,沈健. 2197铝锂合金形变热处理中T1相的析出行为[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(9):2366-2371.Mao Baiping,Yan Xiaodong,Shen Jian. Precipitation behavior of T1phase during thermo-mechanical treatment of 2197 Al-Li alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(9):2366-2371.
[40]洪班德.高强铝合金形变热处理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[41]Sanders R E,Starke E A. The effect of intermediate thermomechanical treatments on the fatigue properties of a 7050 aluminum alloy[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1978,9(8):1087-1100.
[42] Fan X G,Jiang D M,Meng Q C. Influence of quench on ageing response and mechanical properties of A-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2006,16(S1):1248-1253.
[43]Kaibyshev R,Sakai T,Musin F,et al. Superplastic behavior of a7055 aluminum alloy[J]. Scripta Materialia,2001,45(12):1373-1380.
[44]Warner T. Recently developed aluminium solutions for aerospace applications[J]. Materials Science Forum, 2006, 519-521:1271-1278.
[45]Deschamps A,Brechet Y,Livet F. Influence of copper addition on precipitation kinetics and hardening in Al-Zn-Mg alloy[J]. Acta Materialia,1999,47(1):281-292.
[46]Wang Y, Chen M,Zhou F, et al. High tensile ductility in a nanostructured metal[J]. Nature,2002,419(6910):912-915.
[47] Yang D K,Hodgson P D,Wen C E. Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility of titanium via multimodal grain structure[J].Scripta Materialia,2010,63(9):941-944.