Mg/Sn比对Al-Ga合金组织与性能的影响
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摘要
Al-Ga合金的可降解性使其在油气田开发中具有潜在应用价值,但其存在强度低、成本高等缺点。可控的降解速率、适宜的抗压强度和低廉的成本是Al-Ga合金用于工程器件的必由之路。采用电炉熔炼制备了不同Mg/Sn比值的多元Al-Mg-Sn-Ga合金,并通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)、维氏硬度计和电子式万能试验机对其组织结构和性能进行了研究。结果表明:Al-Mg-Sn-Ga合金主要有铝基体相和Mg_2Sn相。随Mg/Sn比值的增加, Mg_2Sn含量逐渐增多, Mg_2Sn形态由不规则块状向十字绣状转变;当Mg/Sn比值大于2/1后出现Al_3Mg_2相。同时, Al-Mg-Sn-Ga合金中Mg/Sn比值从1/4增加到3/1,其硬度从HV 64.9提升到HV 152,其抗压强度从382 MPa提高到540 MPa。
The degradability of Al-Ga alloys has potential application in oil and gas field development, while its utilization is restricted by low strength and expensive cost. Therefore, the controlled degradation rate, suitable compressive strength and low cost are the curial technologies to overcome for Al-Ga alloy application to oil and gas field development components. Multi-element Al-Mg-Sn-Ga alloys with different Mg/Sn ratios were prepared in electric furnace by melting. The effect of Mg/Sn ratio on the microstructure and properties of Al-Ga alloy was investigated by X-ray diffractometer(XRD), optical microscopy(OM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Vickers hardness tester and electronic universal testing machine. The results indicated that Al-Mg-Sn-Ga alloys mainly consisted of Al matrix phase and Mg_2Sn phase. With Mg/Sn ratio increasing, the content of Mg_2Sn phase gradually increased, accompanied by morphology conversion of Mg_2Sn phase from irregular block to cross needle(or petal). The Al_3Mg_2 phase appeared when the Mg/Sn ratio was larger than 2/1. In addition, when the Mg/Sn ratio in the Al-Mg-Sn-Ga alloy increased from 1/4 to 3/1, the corresponding hardness improved from HV 64.9 to HV 152, and the compressive strength reached to 540 MPa from 382 MPa.
The degradability of Al-Ga alloys has potential application in oil and gas field development, while its utilization is restricted by low strength and expensive cost. Therefore, the controlled degradation rate, suitable compressive strength and low cost are the curial technologies to overcome for Al-Ga alloy application to oil and gas field development components. Multi-element Al-Mg-Sn-Ga alloys with different Mg/Sn ratios were prepared in electric furnace by melting. The effect of Mg/Sn ratio on the microstructure and properties of Al-Ga alloy was investigated by X-ray diffractometer(XRD), optical microscopy(OM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Vickers hardness tester and electronic universal testing machine. The results indicated that Al-Mg-Sn-Ga alloys mainly consisted of Al matrix phase and Mg_2Sn phase. With Mg/Sn ratio increasing, the content of Mg_2Sn phase gradually increased, accompanied by morphology conversion of Mg_2Sn phase from irregular block to cross needle(or petal). The Al_3Mg_2 phase appeared when the Mg/Sn ratio was larger than 2/1. In addition, when the Mg/Sn ratio in the Al-Mg-Sn-Ga alloy increased from 1/4 to 3/1, the corresponding hardness improved from HV 64.9 to HV 152, and the compressive strength reached to 540 MPa from 382 MPa.
引文
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[4] Du B D,He T T,Liu G L,Chen W,Wang Y M.Al-water reactivity of Al,Mg,Ga,In,Sn alloys used for hydraulic fracturing tools [J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2018,43(15):7201.
[5] Zhao C,Xu F,Sun L X,Fan M H,Zou Y J,Chu H L.Hydrogen generation by Al-based materials hydrolysis[J].Progress in Chemistry,2016,28(12):1870.(赵冲,徐芬,孙立贤,范明慧,邹勇进,褚海亮.铝基材料水解制氢技术 [J].化学进展,2016,28(12):1870.)
[6] Koirala I,Singh B P,Jha I S.Study of segregatin nature in liquid Al-Ga alloys [J].Scientific World,2015,12(12):14.
[7] Yang S,Knickle H.Design and analysis of aluminum/air battery system for electric vehicles [J].Journal of Power Sources,2002,112(1):162.
[8] Chang Y,Liu B,Wang H,Dong S.Effects of preparation parameters and alloy elements on the hydrogen generation performance of aluminum alloy-0 ℃ pure water reaction [J].Rare Metal Materials & Engineering,2017,46(9):2428.
[9] He T T,Wang W,Chen W,Chen D M,Yang K.Influence of In and Sn compositions on the reactivity of Al-Ga-In-Sn alloys with water [J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2016,42(9):5627.
[10] Du B D,Wang W,Chen W,Chen D M,Yang K.Grain refinement and Al-water reactivity of Al-Ga-In-Sn alloys [J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2017,42(34):21586.
[11] Srinivas M,Srinivas Kumar Adapaka,Neelakantan Lakshman.Solubility effects of Sn and Ga on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al-Mg-Sn-Ga alloy anodes,Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,683:647.
[12] Wang J,Luo B H,Bai Z H,Gao Y,Zheng Y Y,Ren Z W.Microstructures and properties of Al-Mg-Si casting alloy with different Mg/Si ratios [J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2018,42(7):681.(汪娟,罗兵辉,柏振海,高阳,郑亚亚,任智炜.Mg/Si对Al-Mg-Si铸造合金组织和性能的影响 [J].稀有金属,2018,42(7):681.)
[13] Kang D H,Park S S,Kim N J.Development of creep resistant die cast Mg-Sn-Al-Si alloy [J].Materials Science & Engineering A,2014,413(6):555.
[14] Luo A A,Fu P,Kang X,Li Z,Zhu T.Solidification microstructure and mechanical properties of cast magnesium-aluminum-tin alloys [J].Metallurgical & Materials Transactions Part A,2012,43(1):360.
[15] Raghavan V.Al-Mg-Sn (aluminum-magnesium-tin) [J].Journal of Phase Equilibria & Diffusion,2011,32(1):57.
[16] Doernberg E,Kozlov A,Schmid-Fetzer R.Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of Mg-Al-Sn phase equilibria and solidification microstructures [J].Journal of Phase Equilibria & Diffusion 2007,28:523.
[17] Kaufman J G,Rooy E.Aluminum Alloy Castings Properties,Processes,and Applications [M].Materials Park OH:ASM International,2004.243.