上倾管内油水两相流流型实验研究
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摘要
国内多条成品油输送管道在投产和运行过程中,采用"水联运"投产方式所造成的上倾管道低洼处积水现象引起了严重的管道内腐蚀问题。利用上游来油将低洼处积水携出管道能有效缓解内腐蚀。采用0#柴油、去离子水在内径100 mm的上倾管道内观察油水两相流流型并测量油携水临界流速。结果表明,随油流黏性力增大和管道倾角增大,油水两相流依次呈现波状分层流、有水滴的波状分层流和油相占主导的分散流3种流型;同一流型下,油相能将水相携入上倾段的最低临界流速随倾角增大而增大;倾角从20°增大到25°使流型从波状分层流转化为有液滴的波状分层流时,油相能将水相携入上倾段的临界流速从0.203 m/s减小为0.187 m/s;倾角从30°增大至35°时,使初始流型从有液滴的波状分层流转换为水相在油相中的分散流,油相能将水相携入上倾段的临界流速从0.205 m/s减小为0.194 m/s;油相能将水相完全携出上倾段的临界流速随倾角增大而略有增大;发生流型转化的流速随倾角增大而减小。
During the commissioning and operation of a large number of refined oil pipelines in China,it was found that water accumulation at low points in upwardly inclined pipelines caused by the adoption of water circulation for commissioning resulted in serious corrosion problems within these pipelines.Inflows of oil from the upstream sections can be used to carry away the water from the low points and effectively alleviate internal corrosion.In the present study,0# diesel fuel and deionized water were used to observe oil-water two-phase flow patterns in an upwardly inclined pipeline with an internal diameter of 100 mm and the measurement of the critical water-carrying velocity of oil.The results show that as the oil viscosity and upward inclination angle of the pipeline increases,three types of flow patterns are sequentially induced in the oil-water two-phase flow,namely,stratified wavy flow,stratified wavy flow with water droplets,and oil-dominated dispersed flow.Within the same flow pattern,the minimum critical velocity for the oil phase to carry the water phase into the upwardly inclined section increases with an increase in inclination angle.When the inclination angle increases from 200°to 25°,the flow pattern transitions from stratified wavy flow to stratified wavy flow with liquid droplets,and the minimum critical velocity for the oil phase to carry the water phase into the upwardly inclined section decreases from 0.203 m/s to 0.187 m/s.When the upward inclination angle increases from 300°to 35°,the initial flow pattern transitions from stratified wavy flow with liquid droplets to water-in-oil dispersed flow,and the minimum critical velocity for the oil phase to carry the water phase into the upwardly inclined section decreases from 0.205 m/s to 0.194 m/s.An increase in the inclination angle causes a slight increase in the minimum critical velocity for the oil phase to fully carry the water phase away from the upwardly inclined section,while causing a reduction in the velocity at which flow pattern transitions occur.
During the commissioning and operation of a large number of refined oil pipelines in China,it was found that water accumulation at low points in upwardly inclined pipelines caused by the adoption of water circulation for commissioning resulted in serious corrosion problems within these pipelines.Inflows of oil from the upstream sections can be used to carry away the water from the low points and effectively alleviate internal corrosion.In the present study,0# diesel fuel and deionized water were used to observe oil-water two-phase flow patterns in an upwardly inclined pipeline with an internal diameter of 100 mm and the measurement of the critical water-carrying velocity of oil.The results show that as the oil viscosity and upward inclination angle of the pipeline increases,three types of flow patterns are sequentially induced in the oil-water two-phase flow,namely,stratified wavy flow,stratified wavy flow with water droplets,and oil-dominated dispersed flow.Within the same flow pattern,the minimum critical velocity for the oil phase to carry the water phase into the upwardly inclined section increases with an increase in inclination angle.When the inclination angle increases from 200°to 25°,the flow pattern transitions from stratified wavy flow to stratified wavy flow with liquid droplets,and the minimum critical velocity for the oil phase to carry the water phase into the upwardly inclined section decreases from 0.203 m/s to 0.187 m/s.When the upward inclination angle increases from 300°to 35°,the initial flow pattern transitions from stratified wavy flow with liquid droplets to water-in-oil dispersed flow,and the minimum critical velocity for the oil phase to carry the water phase into the upwardly inclined section decreases from 0.205 m/s to 0.194 m/s.An increase in the inclination angle causes a slight increase in the minimum critical velocity for the oil phase to fully carry the water phase away from the upwardly inclined section,while causing a reduction in the velocity at which flow pattern transitions occur.
引文
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[15]SOTGIA G,TARTARINI P,STALIO E.Experimental analysis of flow regimes and pressure drop reduction in oil-water mixtures[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2008,34(12):1161-1174.doi:10.1016/j.ij multipha seflow.2008.06.001
[16]RODRIGUEZ O M H,OLIEMANS R V A.Experimental study on oil-water flow in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2006,32(3):323-343.doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.-2005.11.001
[17]ZONG Yanbo,JIN Ningde,WANG Zhenya,et al.Nonlinear dynamic analysis of large diameter inclined oil-water two phase flow pattern[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2010,36(3):166-183.doi:10.1016/j.ij multip haseflow.2009.11.006
[18]AL-WAHAIBI T,YUSUF N,AL-WAHAIBI Y,et al.Experimental study on the transition between stratified and non-stratified horizontal oil-water flow[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2012,38(1):126-135.doi:10.1016/j.ij multiphaseflow.2011.08.007
[19]KUMARA W A S,HALVORSEN B M,MELAAEN M C.Particle image velocimetry for characterizing the flow structure of oil-water flow in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2010,65(15):4332-4349.doi:10.1016/j.ces.2010.03.045
[20]DU Meng,JIN Ningde,GAO Zhongke,et al.Flow pattern and water holdup measurements of vertical upward oil-water two-phase flow in small diameter pipes[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2012,41:91-105.doi:10.1016/j.ij multi phaseflow.2012.01.007
[21]JANA A K,DAS G,DAS P K.Flow regime identification of two-phase liquid-liquid upflow through vertical pipe[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2006,61(5):1500-1515.doi:10.1016/j.ces.2005.09.001
[22]JIN N D,NIE X B,WANG J,et al.Flow pattern identification of oil/water two-phase flow based on kinematic wave theory[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2003,14(4-5):177-182.doi:10.1016/S0955-5986(03)00023-2
[23]JIN N D,NIE X B,REN Y Y,et al.Characterization of oil/water two-phase flow patterns based on nonlinear time series analysis[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2003,14(4-5):169-175.doi:10.1016/S0955-5986(03)00022-0
[24]SONG Xiaoqin,YANG Yuexin,ZHANG Tao,et al.Studies on water carrying of diesel oil in upward inclined pipes with different inclination angle[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2017,157:780-792.doi:10.-10 16/j.petrol.2017.07.076
[25]IZWAN Ismail A S,ISMAIL I,ZOVEIDAVIANPOOR M,et al.Experimental investigation of oil-water twophase flow in horizontal pipes:Pressure losses,liquid holdup and flow patterns[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2015,127:409-420.doi:10.1016/j.-petrol.2015.01.038
[2]GHOSH S,DAS G,DAS P K.Pressure drop analysis for liquid-liquid downflow through vertical pipe[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,2011,133(1):011202.doi:10.-1115/1.4003354
[3]PEDDU A,CHAKRABORTY S, DAS P K.Visualization and flow regime identification of downward air-watet flow through a 12 mm diameter vertical tube usingimage analysis[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2018,100:1-15.doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.-2017.11.016
[4]SONG Xiaoqin,YANG Yuexin,YU Dongliang,et al.Studies on the impact of fluid flow on the microbial corrosion behavior of product oil pipelines[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2016,146:803-812.doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2016.07.03 5
[5]徐广丽,张鑫,蔡亮学,等.起伏管内局部油水两相流流动特性实验研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(5):85-90.doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2013.07.09.12XU Guangli,ZHANG Xin,CAI Liangxue,et al.Experimental inve stigation on the flow characteristics of the local oil-water two phases flow system in hilly-terrain tube[J].Journal of Southwe st Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2015,37(5):85-90.doi:10.11885/j.-issn.1674-5086.2013.07.09.12
[6]PEDRAM H,AMIR K,ALIREZA T,et al.Experimental investigation of two-phase water-oil flow pressure drop in inclined pipes[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2016,74:169-180.doi:10.1016/j.-expthermflusci.2015.11.024
[7]CHAKRABARTI D P,DAS G,DAS P K.Identification of stratified liquid-liquid flow through horizontal pipes by a non-intrusive optical probe[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2007,62(7):1861-1876.doi:10.1016/j.ces.-2006.11.056
[8]PEDRAM H,ALIREZA H,AMIR K.Experimental investigation of oil-water two phase flow regime in an inclined pipe[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2015,136:12-22.doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2015.10.031
[9]LOVICK J,ANGELI P.Experimental studies on the dual continuous flow pattern in oil-water flows[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2004,30(2):139-157.doi:10.1016/j.ij multiphaseflow.2003.11.011
[10]LUM J Y L,AL-WAHAIBI T,ANGELI P.Upward and downward inclination oil-water flows[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2006,32(4):413-435.doi:10.1016/j.ij multiphaseflow.2006.01.001
[11]FLORES J G,CHEN X T,BRILL J P. Characterization of oil-water flow patterns in vertical and deviated wells[J].SPE Production&Facilities,1999,14(2):94-101.doi:10.2118/38810-MS
[12]VIELMA M A,ATMACA S,SARICA C,et al.Characterization of oil/water flows in horizontal pipes[C].SPE109591-MS,2007.doi:10.2118/109591-MS
[13]WANG Wei,GONG Jing,ANGELI P. Investigation onheavy crude-water two phase flow and related flow characteristics[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2011,37(9):1156-1164.doi:10.1016/j.ij multiphaseflow.-2011.05.011
[14]GRASSI B,STRAZZA D,POESIO P.Experimental validation of theoretical models in two-phase high-viscosity ratio liquid-liquid flows in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2008,34(10):950-965.doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.-2008.03.006
[15]SOTGIA G,TARTARINI P,STALIO E.Experimental analysis of flow regimes and pressure drop reduction in oil-water mixtures[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2008,34(12):1161-1174.doi:10.1016/j.ij multipha seflow.2008.06.001
[16]RODRIGUEZ O M H,OLIEMANS R V A.Experimental study on oil-water flow in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2006,32(3):323-343.doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.-2005.11.001
[17]ZONG Yanbo,JIN Ningde,WANG Zhenya,et al.Nonlinear dynamic analysis of large diameter inclined oil-water two phase flow pattern[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2010,36(3):166-183.doi:10.1016/j.ij multip haseflow.2009.11.006
[18]AL-WAHAIBI T,YUSUF N,AL-WAHAIBI Y,et al.Experimental study on the transition between stratified and non-stratified horizontal oil-water flow[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2012,38(1):126-135.doi:10.1016/j.ij multiphaseflow.2011.08.007
[19]KUMARA W A S,HALVORSEN B M,MELAAEN M C.Particle image velocimetry for characterizing the flow structure of oil-water flow in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2010,65(15):4332-4349.doi:10.1016/j.ces.2010.03.045
[20]DU Meng,JIN Ningde,GAO Zhongke,et al.Flow pattern and water holdup measurements of vertical upward oil-water two-phase flow in small diameter pipes[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2012,41:91-105.doi:10.1016/j.ij multi phaseflow.2012.01.007
[21]JANA A K,DAS G,DAS P K.Flow regime identification of two-phase liquid-liquid upflow through vertical pipe[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2006,61(5):1500-1515.doi:10.1016/j.ces.2005.09.001
[22]JIN N D,NIE X B,WANG J,et al.Flow pattern identification of oil/water two-phase flow based on kinematic wave theory[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2003,14(4-5):177-182.doi:10.1016/S0955-5986(03)00023-2
[23]JIN N D,NIE X B,REN Y Y,et al.Characterization of oil/water two-phase flow patterns based on nonlinear time series analysis[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2003,14(4-5):169-175.doi:10.1016/S0955-5986(03)00022-0
[24]SONG Xiaoqin,YANG Yuexin,ZHANG Tao,et al.Studies on water carrying of diesel oil in upward inclined pipes with different inclination angle[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2017,157:780-792.doi:10.-10 16/j.petrol.2017.07.076
[25]IZWAN Ismail A S,ISMAIL I,ZOVEIDAVIANPOOR M,et al.Experimental investigation of oil-water twophase flow in horizontal pipes:Pressure losses,liquid holdup and flow patterns[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2015,127:409-420.doi:10.1016/j.-petrol.2015.01.038