港口与直接腹地经济耦合协调度及其影响因素研究——以环北部湾港口群为例
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摘要
环北部湾经济圈不仅是我国西南地区经济发展的增长极,也是我国与东盟各国国际交流与合作的重要门户。该文以环北部湾港口群内湛江港、北海港、防城港、钦州港为研究对象,构建港口与腹地经济耦合协调发展指标体系和协调度评价模型,测度四港口与其所在城市的腹地经济耦合协调度,探索2000-2014年耦合协调度的时空发展变化,并对影响港口与腹地经济耦合协调发展的因素进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:考察期内,四地市港口与其直接腹地经济耦合协调度存在一定差异,湛江明显优于广西北部湾三地市;整个研究期内,大部分时段四地市港口与腹地经济处于不协调或低协调发展阶段;港口规模和腹地经济规模对提升耦合协调度有积极影响,而港口基础设施、港口集疏运系统、腹地经济结构和腹地经济质量对耦合协调度的影响作用并不明显。
Beibu Gulf Economic Rim is not only the economic growth pole of China′s southwest,but also is an important portal of the international exchanges and cooperation between China and ASEAN countries.Studying on coordinated development issues of ports and urban hinterlands in Beibu Gulf region helps to reveal its coordinate development mechanism and promote regional economic integration.In this study,the ports and urban hinterlands in the Beibu Gulf Rim were taken as the research objects which include Zhanjiang port,Beihai port,Qinzhou port and Fangchenggang port.The coupling coordinated development index system and coordination degree evaluation model of the port and hinterland economy was established to measure the economic coupling coordination degree of the four research objects,and explore its dynamic changes from 2000 to 2014.In addition,the influencing factors of economic coupling coordination development were examined.The results indicate that during the investigation period,there is a certain difference in coupling coordination degree in Guangxi Beibu Gulf ports and Zhanjiang is better than other three cities.During the entire study period,most of the time,coordinated development between port and hinterland economy of the four cities is inharmonious or at a low level.Scale of port and hinterland economy has a positive effect on the coupling coordination degree.However,it is not obvious that port infrastructure transportation system,hinterland economy structure and hinterland economy quality would affect the coupling coordination degree.The research results can be used as the policy reference for regional economic integration of Beibu Gulf Economic Rim,port planning and the urban development.
Beibu Gulf Economic Rim is not only the economic growth pole of China′s southwest,but also is an important portal of the international exchanges and cooperation between China and ASEAN countries.Studying on coordinated development issues of ports and urban hinterlands in Beibu Gulf region helps to reveal its coordinate development mechanism and promote regional economic integration.In this study,the ports and urban hinterlands in the Beibu Gulf Rim were taken as the research objects which include Zhanjiang port,Beihai port,Qinzhou port and Fangchenggang port.The coupling coordinated development index system and coordination degree evaluation model of the port and hinterland economy was established to measure the economic coupling coordination degree of the four research objects,and explore its dynamic changes from 2000 to 2014.In addition,the influencing factors of economic coupling coordination development were examined.The results indicate that during the investigation period,there is a certain difference in coupling coordination degree in Guangxi Beibu Gulf ports and Zhanjiang is better than other three cities.During the entire study period,most of the time,coordinated development between port and hinterland economy of the four cities is inharmonious or at a low level.Scale of port and hinterland economy has a positive effect on the coupling coordination degree.However,it is not obvious that port infrastructure transportation system,hinterland economy structure and hinterland economy quality would affect the coupling coordination degree.The research results can be used as the policy reference for regional economic integration of Beibu Gulf Economic Rim,port planning and the urban development.
引文
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[20]金一,郭建科,韩增林,等.环渤海地区港口体系与其城市经济的偏移增长及重心耦合态势研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2017,33(1):117-123.
[21]熊勇清,许智宏.海上丝绸之路上港口与港口城市的互动发展机制研究[J].财经理论与实践,2017,38(1):128-133.
[22]匡海波.基于关联度模型的港口经济与城市经济关系研究[J].中国软科学,2007(8):110-115.
[23]郇恒飞,焦华富,汪志.连云港市港口——城市协调关系的演进研究[J].经济地理,2011,31(11):1828-1833.
[24]廖重斌.环境与经济协调发展的定量评判及其分类体系[J].热带地理,1999,19(2):171-177.
[25]张萍,严以新.港口与城市协调发展的评价模型及其应用[J].港口技术,2006,12(4):11-13.
[2]PATTON D J.General cargo hinterland of New York,Philadelphia,Baltimore and New Orleans[J].Annals of the AAG,1958,48(4):436-455.
[3]WEIGARD G.Some elements in the study of port geography[J].Geographical Review,1958,48(2):185-200.
[4]MORGAN F W.Ports and Harbors[M].London:Hutchison Press,1958.52-60.
[5]TAAFFE E J,MORRILL R L,GOULD P R.Transport expansion in underdeveloped countries:A comparative analysis[J].Geographical Review,1963,53(4):503-529.
[6]RIMMER P J.The search for spatial regularities in the development of Australian seaports 1861-1961/2[J].Geografiska Annaler.Series B,Human Geography,1967,49(1):42-54.
[7]CHARLIER J,HOYLE B.Inter-port competition in developing countries:An east African case study[J].Journal of Transport Geography,1995,5(2):99-155.
[8]朱传耿,刘波,李志江.港口-腹地关联性测度及驱动要素研究——以连云港港口-淮海经济区为例[J].地理研究,2009,28(3):716-725.
[9]董晓菲,王荣成,韩增林.大连港-辽宁腹地系统关联特性空间演化分析[J].地域研究与开发,2010,29(6):29-33.
[10]杜小飞,郭建科.辽宁沿海经济带港口拉动城市发展的脉冲响应分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2014,30(1):86-90.
[11]司增绰.港口基础设施与港口城市经济互动发展[J].管理评论,2015,27(11):33-42.
[12]郭建科,韩增林.中国海港城市“港-城空间系统”演化理论与实证[J].地理科学,2013,33(11):1285-1292.
[13]刘波,朱传耿,车前进.港口经济腹地空间演变及其实证研究——以连云港港口为例[J].经济地理,2007,27(6):904-909.
[14]杨山,潘婧,季增民.耗散结构视角下连云港港城系统演进机理及规律研究[J].地理科学,2011,31(7):781-787.
[15]姜晓丽,张平宇.基于Huff模型的辽宁沿海港口腹地演变分析[J].地理科学,2013,33(3):282-290.
[16]李谭,王利,王瑜.辽宁省港口物流效率及其与腹地经济协同发展研究[J].经济地理,2012,32(9):108-113.
[17]董晓菲,韩增林,荣宏庆.大连港、营口港与腹地经济协同发展比较分析[J].地域研究与开发,2014,33(5):39-43.
[18]钟铭,吴艳云,栾维新.港口物流与城市经济协同度模型[J].大连海事大学学报(自然科学版),2011,37(1):80-82.
[19]潘婧,杨山,沈芳艳.基于系统动力学的港城耦合系统模型构建及仿真——以连云港为例[J].系统理论工程与实践,2012,32(1):2439-2446.
[20]金一,郭建科,韩增林,等.环渤海地区港口体系与其城市经济的偏移增长及重心耦合态势研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2017,33(1):117-123.
[21]熊勇清,许智宏.海上丝绸之路上港口与港口城市的互动发展机制研究[J].财经理论与实践,2017,38(1):128-133.
[22]匡海波.基于关联度模型的港口经济与城市经济关系研究[J].中国软科学,2007(8):110-115.
[23]郇恒飞,焦华富,汪志.连云港市港口——城市协调关系的演进研究[J].经济地理,2011,31(11):1828-1833.
[24]廖重斌.环境与经济协调发展的定量评判及其分类体系[J].热带地理,1999,19(2):171-177.
[25]张萍,严以新.港口与城市协调发展的评价模型及其应用[J].港口技术,2006,12(4):11-13.