二连盆地白音查干凹陷下白垩统腾格尔组滑塌-浊流沉积特征——以达49井为例
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摘要
为厘清白音查干凹陷达49井附近下白垩统腾格尔组下段发育的地层厚度异常体的空间形态、形成机制、形成条件、物质来源等,以利于白音查干凹陷的地层-岩性油气藏勘探,综合运用地层对比、地震反射、钻井岩心和测井数据等资料,主要对其空间发育、沉积构造、结构组分和测井曲线等沉积特征进行了较深入的研究。结果表明该地层厚度异常体主要是由其中的薄层粉—细砂岩叠加造成,在空间上呈透镜状,并与达尔其辫状河三角洲前缘相连接;滑塌砂体中大量发育包卷变形层理及呈拉长状和撕裂状等不规则塑性变形泥砾,其砂体底部冲刷面发育;浊积砂体中大量发育正粒序层理及液化砂岩脉构造,其砂体底部槽模和重荷模较发育。进一步推测白音查干凹陷达49井附近下白垩统腾格尔组下段发育的地层厚度异常体主要为达尔其辫状河三角洲前缘砂体在地震作用触发下发生滑塌,并随着滑塌块体在重力搬运过程中水体的不断加入而逐步转变为浊流沉积;滑塌-浊流沉积形成的前提条件为地形坡度大和具一定的外界触发机制,必要条件为深水滞水环境(形成于湖侵期)和充沛的物源。该滑塌-浊流不发育固定的补给水道,运移距离短,所形成的浊积体规模小、厚度薄,且呈较孤立的透镜状和舌状等,但其数量多、分布广,且靠近烃源岩,只要其具一定的累计厚度,则易于形成岩性油气藏的有利富集带。
In this study,comprehensively using the stratigraphic correlation,seismic reflection,core and logging curves data,a deep study was conducted mainly on the sedimentary characteristics,including spatial development,sedimentary tectonics,structural components and logging data of the anomalous body.This aims to clarify the spatial morphology,formation mechanism,formation conditions and material source of the strata thickness anomalous body developed in the lower Member of the Lower Cretaceous Tenggeer Formation near the Well Da 49 within Baiyinchagan sag,and then make contribution to the exploration of stratigraphic-lithologic oil-gas reservoir of Baiyinchagan sag.The results indicate that the strata-thickness anomalous body was mainly formed by the superimposition of thin-layer siltstone and fine-grained sandstone therein,and it is lenticular and connecting with the Daerqi braided river delta front;plenty of rolled convolute bedding as well as elongated,lacerated and irregular plastic deformed boulder clay are well developed in slumping sand body,and erosional surface is developed at its bottom;plenty of normal graded bedding and liquefied sandstone dikes are well developed in turbidite sand body,while flute cast and load cast are well developed at its bottom.Further,it is speculated that the sand body in the Daerqi braided river delta front was slumped due to the trigger of seismism,and the slump block was gradually transformed into turbidite flow under the continuous addition of water during the process of gravity transportation,and then deposited,thus forming the stratathickness anomalous body developed in the lower member of the Lower Cretaceous Tenggeer Formation near the Well Da 49 within Baiyinchagan sag;the preconditions for the formation of slump-turbidites sedimentation are the large topographic slope and a certain ex-ternal triggering mechanism,and its necessary conditions are the deep-water stagnant environment(forming in the lacustrine transgression period)and abundant material sources.The slump-turbidites had no fixed feeder channel,and the transport distance of the flow was short;therefore,the formed turbidites are characterized by small size and thin thickness,relatively isolatedly distributed in the shape of lenses and tongue,large in quantity,and widespread near the hydrocarbon source rock.Thus,as long as the turbidites have a certain accumulative thickness,the enrichment zone of lithologic oil-gas reservoirs can be easily formed in the study area.
In this study,comprehensively using the stratigraphic correlation,seismic reflection,core and logging curves data,a deep study was conducted mainly on the sedimentary characteristics,including spatial development,sedimentary tectonics,structural components and logging data of the anomalous body.This aims to clarify the spatial morphology,formation mechanism,formation conditions and material source of the strata thickness anomalous body developed in the lower Member of the Lower Cretaceous Tenggeer Formation near the Well Da 49 within Baiyinchagan sag,and then make contribution to the exploration of stratigraphic-lithologic oil-gas reservoir of Baiyinchagan sag.The results indicate that the strata-thickness anomalous body was mainly formed by the superimposition of thin-layer siltstone and fine-grained sandstone therein,and it is lenticular and connecting with the Daerqi braided river delta front;plenty of rolled convolute bedding as well as elongated,lacerated and irregular plastic deformed boulder clay are well developed in slumping sand body,and erosional surface is developed at its bottom;plenty of normal graded bedding and liquefied sandstone dikes are well developed in turbidite sand body,while flute cast and load cast are well developed at its bottom.Further,it is speculated that the sand body in the Daerqi braided river delta front was slumped due to the trigger of seismism,and the slump block was gradually transformed into turbidite flow under the continuous addition of water during the process of gravity transportation,and then deposited,thus forming the stratathickness anomalous body developed in the lower member of the Lower Cretaceous Tenggeer Formation near the Well Da 49 within Baiyinchagan sag;the preconditions for the formation of slump-turbidites sedimentation are the large topographic slope and a certain ex-ternal triggering mechanism,and its necessary conditions are the deep-water stagnant environment(forming in the lacustrine transgression period)and abundant material sources.The slump-turbidites had no fixed feeder channel,and the transport distance of the flow was short;therefore,the formed turbidites are characterized by small size and thin thickness,relatively isolatedly distributed in the shape of lenses and tongue,large in quantity,and widespread near the hydrocarbon source rock.Thus,as long as the turbidites have a certain accumulative thickness,the enrichment zone of lithologic oil-gas reservoirs can be easily formed in the study area.
引文
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