颗粒形貌及热处理对SiC_p/2024Al复合材料性能的影响
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摘要
采用粉末半固态触变成形工艺制备了SiC_p体积分数为60%的2024Al复合材料。研究了SiC_p形貌及热处理对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,经表面整形的SiC_p制备的复合材料增强体颗粒均匀弥散地分布在铝基体上,其致密度能达到99.97%。对复合材料进行去应力退火和T6热处理后,复合材料得到最佳综合性能,其抗弯强度和硬度得到明显提高,与复合材料热处理前相比,分别提高了47.5%和57.7%。复合材料的断裂整体表现为SiC_p的解理断裂,基体呈现出撕裂。对SiC_p整形和复合材料退火及T6热处理后降低了复合材料的热膨胀系数,分别达到(4.85～8.51)×10~(-6)、(4.86～8.32)×10~(-6)℃~(-1)。经改进后的H-J模型可以更好地适用于混合增强和双峰粒径分布的情况。对SiC_p整形和复合材料退火及T6热处理后显著提高了复合材料的热导率,分别达到195、206W·m-1·K-1。
SiC_p/2024 aluminum matrix composites with a volumetric fraction of 60% SiC_p were prepared using a powder semi-solid thixoforming process.The effects of SiC_p article morphology and heat treatment on the properties of the composites prepared were investigated.The results reveal that the composite reinforcement particles prepared by surface-shaped SiC_p articles are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix,and the relative density can reach 99.97%.After the stress relief annealing and T6 heat treatment,the composites present the desirable comprehensive performance,and the flexural strength and hardness of the composites are obviously improved,which is 47.5%and 57.7%higher than those of ones before heat treatment.The fracture of the composites exhibits a cleavage fracture of SiC as a whole,and the matrix exhibits tearing behavior.After SiC particle shaping and composite annealing as well as T6 heat treatment,the CTE of the composites is reduced to(4.85～8.51)×10~(-6)℃~(-1) and(4.86～8.32)×10~(-6)℃~(-1),respectively.The improved H-J model is better suitable for mixed reinforcement and bimodal particle size distribution.After SiC particle shaping and composite annealing as well as T6 heat treatment,the TC of the composites is significantly improved,reaching 195 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1) and 206 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1),respectively.
SiC_p/2024 aluminum matrix composites with a volumetric fraction of 60% SiC_p were prepared using a powder semi-solid thixoforming process.The effects of SiC_p article morphology and heat treatment on the properties of the composites prepared were investigated.The results reveal that the composite reinforcement particles prepared by surface-shaped SiC_p articles are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix,and the relative density can reach 99.97%.After the stress relief annealing and T6 heat treatment,the composites present the desirable comprehensive performance,and the flexural strength and hardness of the composites are obviously improved,which is 47.5%and 57.7%higher than those of ones before heat treatment.The fracture of the composites exhibits a cleavage fracture of SiC as a whole,and the matrix exhibits tearing behavior.After SiC particle shaping and composite annealing as well as T6 heat treatment,the CTE of the composites is reduced to(4.85～8.51)×10~(-6)℃~(-1) and(4.86～8.32)×10~(-6)℃~(-1),respectively.The improved H-J model is better suitable for mixed reinforcement and bimodal particle size distribution.After SiC particle shaping and composite annealing as well as T6 heat treatment,the TC of the composites is significantly improved,reaching 195 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1) and 206 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1),respectively.
引文
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[3]佟林松,樊建中,肖伯律.低热膨胀铝基复合材料的研究进展[J].稀有金属,2008,32(3):375-380.
[4]HE X B,QU X H,REN S B,et al.Net-shape forming of composite packages with high thermal conductivity[J].Science in China Series,2010,52(4):238-242.
[5]GU X F,ZHANG L M,YANG M J,et al.Fabrication by SPS and thermophysical properties of high volume fraction SiCp/Al matrix composites[J].Key Engineering Materials,2006,313:171-176.
[6]ZHANG Z H,WANG F C,LUO J,et al.Microstructures and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered Al-SiC composites containing high volume fraction of SiC[J].Materials Science&Engineering,2010,A527(27-28):7 235-7 240.
[7]ZHANG Q,WU G,CHEN G,et al.The thermal expansion and mechanical properties of high reinforcement content SiCp/Al composites fabricated by squeeze casting technology[J].Composites,2003,A34(11):1 023-1 027.
[8]苏海,高文理,毛成,等.搅拌铸造SiCp/2024铝基复合材料的显微组织与力学性能[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(2):217-225.
[9]CUI W,XU H,CHEN J H,et al.Effect of graphite powder as a forming filler on the mechanical properties of SiCp/Al composites by pressure infiltration[J].Intermational Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials,2016,23(5):601-607.
[10]LEE H S,HONG S H.Pressure infiltration casting process and thermophysical properties of high volume fraction SiCp/Al metal matrix composites[J].Metal Science Journal,2003,19(8):1 057-1 064.
[11]ZU L,LUO S.Study on the powder mixing and semi-solid extrusion forming process of SiCp/2024Al composites[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2001,114(3):189-193.
[12]CUI Y,GAN S M,LIU F B,et al.Analysis of porosity in high volume fraction SiCp/Al composites fabricated by pressureless infiltration[J].Materials Research Innovations,2016,19(S9):116-122.
[13]BOOSTANI A F,TAHAMTAN S,JIANG Z Y,et al.Enhanced tensile properties of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with graphene encapsulated SiC nanoparticles[J].Composites,2015,A68(2):155-163.
[14]刘俊友,刘英才,刘国权,等.SiC颗粒氧化行为及SiCp/铝基复合材料界面特征[J].中国有色金属学报,2002,12(5):961-966.
[15]LEE J C,LEE H I,AHN J P,et al.Modification of the interface in SiC/Al composites[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions,2000,A31(9):2 361-2 368.
[16]崔霞,周贤良,欧阳德来,等.SiCp/Al复合材料用SiC表面预氧化处理研究[J].南昌航空大学学报(自然科学版),2017,31(2):44-49.
[17]朱秀荣,童文俊,费正军,等.SiCp/Al复合材料制造工艺与颗粒分布研究[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2001(S1):148-150.
[18]CARIM A H.SiC Al4C3interfaces in aluminum-silicon carbide composites[J].Materials Letters,1991,12(3):153-157.
[19]TURNER P S.Thermal-expansion stresses in reinforced plastics[J].J.Res.NBS,1946,37:239-250.
[20]KERNER E H.The elastic and thermo-elastic properties of composite media[J].Proc.Phys.Soc.,1956,B69:808-813.
[21]WEI Z,MA P,WANG H,et al.The thermal expansion behaviour of SiCp/Al-20Si composites solidified under high pressures[J].Materials&Design,2015,65:387-394.
[22]张建云,孙良新,王磊,等.电子封装SiCp/356Al复合材料制备及热膨胀性能[J].功能材料,2004,35(4):507-508.
[23]HUBER T,DEGISCHER H P,LEFRANC G,et al.Thermal expansion studies on aluminium-matrix composites with different reinforcement architecture of SiC particles[J].Composites Science&Technology,2006,66(13):2 206-2 217.
[24]CHU K,JIA C,TIAN W,et al.Thermal conductivity of spark plasma sintering consolidated SiC/Al composites containing pores:Numerical study and experimental validation[J].Composites,2010,A41(1):161-167.
[25]ZHU X M,YU J K.Microstructure and properties of Al/Si/SiCcomposites for electronic packaging[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2012,22(7):1 686-1 692.
[26]XIU Z Y,WANG X,HUSSAIN M,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and thermophysical properties of diamond/2024Al composites[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2013,23(12):3 584-3 591.
[27]刘亚东.固体界面传热的分子动力学模拟[D].南京:东南大学,2011.