2018年1月初安徽特大暴雪的双偏振雷达观测分析
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摘要
2018年1月3—5日安徽省发生一次特大暴雪过程,其降水强度大,最大累积降水量达71 mm;降雪后低空和地面温度偏低,积雪深度较大,最大积雪深度超过40 cm,并产生雨雪冰冻灾害。首先使用常规观测资料分析该过程特大暴雪实况,再结合双偏振雷达观测数据,判断融化层高度和降水粒子相态。结果表明:(1)阜阳双偏振雷达观测记录了此次特大暴雪过程,其零阶滞后相关系数(CC)产品的低值区与融化层基本吻合,使用反射率因子(d BZ)、CC和差分反射率(ZDR)产品可清晰判断出融化层高度,并推断出大气中降水粒子的属性;(2)双偏振雷达使用模糊逻辑法提供融化层产品(ML)和粒子相态分类产品(HCL),其与使用双偏振雷达基本产品主观判断的融化层高度和粒子相态基本一致,与实况观测基本相符;(3)双偏振雷达的ML产品和HCL产品对冬季降水粒子的探测和降水相态的判定有一定的参考价值。
A heavy snowstorm event, with high precipitation intensity and maximum cumulative precipitation of more than 71 mm, occurred in Anhui Province from January 3 to 5 in 2018. After snowfall, icing, freezing rain and snow disaster were generated under low temperature at the surface and in the low-level. Maximum snow depth reached greater than 40 cm. Using routine observational data, we have firstly analyzed the observations of this heavy snowstorm event, and then judged the melting layer height and the phase of precipitation particle using dual polarization radar data. The results show that(1) this event is well observed and recorded by Fuyang dual polarization radar, whose low value area of the zero order lag correlation coefficient(CC) coincides mostly with the melting layer. The product such as basic reflectivity factor(dBZ),CC and differential reflectivity(ZDR) can be used to distinguish the melting layer height, and to infer the phase of precipitation particle.(2)The melting layer(ML) and hydro classification(HCL) products from dual polarization radar are based on fuzzy logic method, whose melting layer height and precipitation particle phase coincide with the ones from subjective judgment made by using basic products from dual polarization radar, conforming to the observations.(3) The ML and HCL products from dual polarization radar can be certainly served as a reference for detecting and judging of precipitation particles in winter.
A heavy snowstorm event, with high precipitation intensity and maximum cumulative precipitation of more than 71 mm, occurred in Anhui Province from January 3 to 5 in 2018. After snowfall, icing, freezing rain and snow disaster were generated under low temperature at the surface and in the low-level. Maximum snow depth reached greater than 40 cm. Using routine observational data, we have firstly analyzed the observations of this heavy snowstorm event, and then judged the melting layer height and the phase of precipitation particle using dual polarization radar data. The results show that(1) this event is well observed and recorded by Fuyang dual polarization radar, whose low value area of the zero order lag correlation coefficient(CC) coincides mostly with the melting layer. The product such as basic reflectivity factor(dBZ),CC and differential reflectivity(ZDR) can be used to distinguish the melting layer height, and to infer the phase of precipitation particle.(2)The melting layer(ML) and hydro classification(HCL) products from dual polarization radar are based on fuzzy logic method, whose melting layer height and precipitation particle phase coincide with the ones from subjective judgment made by using basic products from dual polarization radar, conforming to the observations.(3) The ML and HCL products from dual polarization radar can be certainly served as a reference for detecting and judging of precipitation particles in winter.
引文
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[4]赵俊荣,杨雪,蔺喜禄,等.一次致灾大暴雪的多尺度系统配置及落区分析[J].高原气象,2013,32(1):201-210
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[9]刘宁微,齐琳琳,韩江文.北上低涡引发辽宁历史罕见暴雪天气过程的分析[J].大气科学,2009,33(2):275-284
[10]李江波,李根娥,裴雨杰,等.一次春季强寒潮的降水相态变化分析[J].气象,2009,35(7):87-95
[11]王奎云,杨紫超,崔悦.吉林省东南部山区雨或雨夹雪转雪天气特征分析及预报指标探讨[J].气象灾害防御, 2014,21(4):26-29
[12]缪晓农,张琳娜,何娜,等.2012年3月17日北京降水相态转变的机制讨论[J].气象, 2013,39(1):28-38
[13]方海义,杨书运.2009年晚秋河北特大暴雪多普勒雷达特征分析[J].高原气象,2012, 31(4):1 110-1 118
[14]苗爱梅,安炜,刘月丽,等.春季一次暴雪过程的多普勒雷达动力学诊断[J].气象,2007,33(2):57-61
[15]卢秉红,杨青,高松影,等.两次不同类型暴雪的雷达回波特征分析[J].干旱气象,2016,34(5):836-840
[16]李德俊,熊守权,柳草,等.武汉一次短时暴雪过程的地面雨滴谱特征分析[J].暴雨灾害,2013,32(2):188-192
[17]蒋年冲,胡雯,邵洋,等.安徽大别山一次强雨雪天气过程降水粒子特征分析[J].气象,2010,36(6):79-84
[18] Matrosov S Y, Clark K A, Kingsmill D E. A Polarimetric Radar Approach to Identify Rain, Melting-Layer, and Snow Regions for Applying Correction to Vertical Profiles of Reflectivity[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2007, 46(2):154-166
[19] Kumjian M R, Ryzhkov A V, Reeves H D, et al. A Dual-Polarization Radar Signature of Hydrometeor Refreezing in Winter Storms[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2013, 52(11):2 549-2 566
[20] Thompson E J, Rutledge S A, Dolan B. A Dual-Polarization Radar Hydrometeor Classification Algorithm for Winter Precipitation[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2014, 31(7):1 457-1 481
[21] Kaltenboeck R, Ryzhkov A. A freezing rain storm explored with a C-band polarimetric weather radar using the QVP methodology[J].Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 2017, 26(2):207-222
[22]陈周杰,刘宪勋,朱亚平.双偏振雷达对一次水凝物相态演变过程的分析[J].应用气象学报,2009,20(5):594-601
[23]郑佳锋,张杰,朱克云.双偏振天气雷达测雨误差及水凝物识别分析[J].气象科技,2014,42(3):364-372
[24]高玉芳,陈耀登, David Gochis,等. JOPLE算法结合双偏振雷达在不同降水过程中的测雨效果分析[J].热带气象学报, 2014, 30(2):361-367
[25] Bringi V N, Chandrasekar V.偏振多普勒天气雷达原理和应用[M].李忱,张越,译.北京:气象出版社,2010
[26]张持岸.双偏振天气雷达产品使用教程[Z].北京:北京敏视达雷达有限公司, 2018
[2]杨贵名,孔期,毛冬艳,等.2008年初“低温雨雪冰冻”灾害天气的持续性原因分析[J].气象学报,2008, 66(5):836-849
[3]顾佳佳,武威. 2014年2月4—7日河南暴雪过程的环流特征及其持续原因[J].暴雨灾害,2015,34(2):117-125
[4]赵俊荣,杨雪,蔺喜禄,等.一次致灾大暴雪的多尺度系统配置及落区分析[J].高原气象,2013,32(1):201-210
[5]高辉,陈丽娟,贾小龙,等.2008年1月我国大范围低温雨雪冰冻灾害分析(II):成因分析[J].气象,2008, 34(4):101-106
[6]周倩,程一帆,周甘霖,等.2008年10月青藏高原东部一次区域暴雪过程及气候背景分析[J].高原气象,2011,30(1):22-29
[7]张元春,孙建华,傅慎明.冬季一次引发华北暴雪的低涡涡度分析[J].高原气象,2012,31(2):387-399
[8]孟雪峰,孙永刚,姜艳丰.内蒙古东北部一次致灾大到暴雪天气分析[J].气象,2012,38(7):877-883
[9]刘宁微,齐琳琳,韩江文.北上低涡引发辽宁历史罕见暴雪天气过程的分析[J].大气科学,2009,33(2):275-284
[10]李江波,李根娥,裴雨杰,等.一次春季强寒潮的降水相态变化分析[J].气象,2009,35(7):87-95
[11]王奎云,杨紫超,崔悦.吉林省东南部山区雨或雨夹雪转雪天气特征分析及预报指标探讨[J].气象灾害防御, 2014,21(4):26-29
[12]缪晓农,张琳娜,何娜,等.2012年3月17日北京降水相态转变的机制讨论[J].气象, 2013,39(1):28-38
[13]方海义,杨书运.2009年晚秋河北特大暴雪多普勒雷达特征分析[J].高原气象,2012, 31(4):1 110-1 118
[14]苗爱梅,安炜,刘月丽,等.春季一次暴雪过程的多普勒雷达动力学诊断[J].气象,2007,33(2):57-61
[15]卢秉红,杨青,高松影,等.两次不同类型暴雪的雷达回波特征分析[J].干旱气象,2016,34(5):836-840
[16]李德俊,熊守权,柳草,等.武汉一次短时暴雪过程的地面雨滴谱特征分析[J].暴雨灾害,2013,32(2):188-192
[17]蒋年冲,胡雯,邵洋,等.安徽大别山一次强雨雪天气过程降水粒子特征分析[J].气象,2010,36(6):79-84
[18] Matrosov S Y, Clark K A, Kingsmill D E. A Polarimetric Radar Approach to Identify Rain, Melting-Layer, and Snow Regions for Applying Correction to Vertical Profiles of Reflectivity[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2007, 46(2):154-166
[19] Kumjian M R, Ryzhkov A V, Reeves H D, et al. A Dual-Polarization Radar Signature of Hydrometeor Refreezing in Winter Storms[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2013, 52(11):2 549-2 566
[20] Thompson E J, Rutledge S A, Dolan B. A Dual-Polarization Radar Hydrometeor Classification Algorithm for Winter Precipitation[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2014, 31(7):1 457-1 481
[21] Kaltenboeck R, Ryzhkov A. A freezing rain storm explored with a C-band polarimetric weather radar using the QVP methodology[J].Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 2017, 26(2):207-222
[22]陈周杰,刘宪勋,朱亚平.双偏振雷达对一次水凝物相态演变过程的分析[J].应用气象学报,2009,20(5):594-601
[23]郑佳锋,张杰,朱克云.双偏振天气雷达测雨误差及水凝物识别分析[J].气象科技,2014,42(3):364-372
[24]高玉芳,陈耀登, David Gochis,等. JOPLE算法结合双偏振雷达在不同降水过程中的测雨效果分析[J].热带气象学报, 2014, 30(2):361-367
[25] Bringi V N, Chandrasekar V.偏振多普勒天气雷达原理和应用[M].李忱,张越,译.北京:气象出版社,2010
[26]张持岸.双偏振天气雷达产品使用教程[Z].北京:北京敏视达雷达有限公司, 2018