基于响应面模型的滑移门动力学特性多目标优化
|
摘要
为了在满足开启轻便性的条件下提升滑移门的运动平顺性,提出了基于响应面模型的滑移门动力学特性多目标优化方法.基于刚柔耦合多体动力学方法建立某MPV车型的滑移门模型,对其运动平顺性及开启轻便性的评价指标进行分析,并通过滑移门台架试验验证了该仿真方法的可靠性.对滑移门运动机构进行参数化设计,结合拉丁超立方采样法进行试验设计,通过对滑移门动力学特性指标进行灵敏度分析,得到了结构参数对性能的影响规律.建立精度可靠的滑移门动力学特性二阶响应面模型,各项指标的复相关指数R2均高于0.9.采用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法对滑移门运动机构进行多目标优化,滑移门中导向轮载荷峰值与质心加速度峰值分别降低39%和24.4%,全开所需时间低于1.8 s,在满足开启轻便性要求的同时,显著提升了滑移门的运动平顺性.
In order to optimize the ride comfort of the sliding door under the condition of meeting the handiness requirement,a respond surface method-based multi-object optimization method of the sliding door′ s dynamic characteristics was proposed. The rigid-flexible coupled multi-body dynamic model of a MPV′ s sliding door was established to investigate its ride comfort and handiness,and the results were verified by experiment based on a test rig. The motion mechanisms of the sliding door system were parametrically modeled and combined with the Latin hypercube sampling method. The sensitivity analysis was performed to study the effects of structural parameters on the sliding door's dynamics characteristics. Second-order response surface models of the dynamic indexes were established,in which correlation coefficients R2 are above 0.9. Finally,a multi-objective dynamic optimization on the sliding door was conducted by using NSGA-II algorithm. After optimization,the peak values of the middle guide roller load and acceleration of the door center mass were reduced by 39% and 24.4% respectively,and the time required for full opening was below 1.8 second. The ride comfort of the sliding door was improved significantly,while the requirement of handiness was met.
In order to optimize the ride comfort of the sliding door under the condition of meeting the handiness requirement,a respond surface method-based multi-object optimization method of the sliding door′ s dynamic characteristics was proposed. The rigid-flexible coupled multi-body dynamic model of a MPV′ s sliding door was established to investigate its ride comfort and handiness,and the results were verified by experiment based on a test rig. The motion mechanisms of the sliding door system were parametrically modeled and combined with the Latin hypercube sampling method. The sensitivity analysis was performed to study the effects of structural parameters on the sliding door's dynamics characteristics. Second-order response surface models of the dynamic indexes were established,in which correlation coefficients R2 are above 0.9. Finally,a multi-objective dynamic optimization on the sliding door was conducted by using NSGA-II algorithm. After optimization,the peak values of the middle guide roller load and acceleration of the door center mass were reduced by 39% and 24.4% respectively,and the time required for full opening was below 1.8 second. The ride comfort of the sliding door was improved significantly,while the requirement of handiness was met.
引文
[1]MUNEER M,SHARMA Y.Study of sliding door closing speed for a manually operated sliding door[C]//SAE 2015 World Congress&Exhibition.Detroit:SAE international,2015-01-1318.
[2]SUZUKI S,FUKUMOTO R,OHHASHI M,et al.Development of power sliding door(PSD)system with push-pull cable driving method[C]//SAE 2000 World Congress.Detroit:SAE international,2000-01-0080.
[3]刘鹏飞,王义柏,郑辉,等.车用滑移门系统多体运动动力学分析建模[J].机电一体化,2013,19(5):18-22,61.LIU P F,WANG Y B,ZHENG H,et al.Kinematic and dynamic modeling and analysis of automobile sliding door[J].Mechatronics,2013,19(5):18-22,61.(In Chinese)
[4]蒋东升,杜国省,李永生,等.基于Adams/View的汽车滑移门动力学仿真分析[J].计算机辅助工程,2013,22(S1):8-10,20.JIANG D S,DU G X,LI Y S,et al.Dynamic simulation analysis on automotive sliding door based on Adams/View[J].Computer Aided Engineering,2013,22(S1):8-10,20.(In Chinese)
[5]廖鸿胡,赵云飞,成艾国,等.基于正交试验的汽车滑移门平顺性优化研究[J].机电工程,2010,27(12):49-52.LIAO H H,ZHAO Y F,CHENG A G,et al.Optimization on ride performance of automotive sliding door based on orthogonal experiments[J].Journal of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,2010,27(12):49-52.(In Chinese)
[6]高云凯,马干干,杜倩倩.滑移门系统刚柔耦合多体动力学特性研究[J].汽车技术,2016(9):1-3,8.GAO Y K,MA G G,DU Q Q.A study on dynamic characteristics of sliding door system based on rigid-flexible coupling multi-body model[J].Automobile Technology,2016(9):1-3,8.(In Chinese)
[7]LI Y J,GAO Y K,MA G G,et al.A study on optimization of the ride comfort of the sliding door based on rigid-flexible coupling multi-body model[C]//SAE World Congress Experience.Detroit:SAE International,2017-01-0417.
[8]周长江,胡波,祝智斌.某型包装机推手机构刚柔耦合系统动力学研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(5):39-43.ZHOU C J,HU B,ZHU Z B.Dynamic study of pusher device system with rigid-flexible coupling in packing machine[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2014,41(5):39-43.(In Chinese)
[9]周五峰,陈梓铭,缪利锋,等.基于缓和曲线曲率修正的中滑门平顺性提升[C]//2016中国汽车工程学会年会论文集.北京:中国汽车工程学会,2016:1463-1465.ZHOU W F,CHEN Z M,MIU L F,et al.Optimization for the smoothness of automobile sliding door based on curvature modification with transition curve[C]//2016 SAE-China Congress Proceedings.Beijing:SAE-China,2016:1463-1465.(In Chinese)
[10]刘鹏飞.汽车滑移门系统的运动学和多刚体动力学建模与参数优化[D].上海:上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,2013:36-40.LIU P F.Multi-rigid-body kinematic and dynamic modeling and optimization of sliding door[D].Shanghai:School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2013:36-40.(In Chinese)
[11]程军圣,余.基于响应面法的听小骨消声器的优化设计[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,44(2):60-65.CHENG J S,YU H.Optimal design of ossicular silencer based on response surface methodology[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2017,44(2):60-65.(In Chinese)
[2]SUZUKI S,FUKUMOTO R,OHHASHI M,et al.Development of power sliding door(PSD)system with push-pull cable driving method[C]//SAE 2000 World Congress.Detroit:SAE international,2000-01-0080.
[3]刘鹏飞,王义柏,郑辉,等.车用滑移门系统多体运动动力学分析建模[J].机电一体化,2013,19(5):18-22,61.LIU P F,WANG Y B,ZHENG H,et al.Kinematic and dynamic modeling and analysis of automobile sliding door[J].Mechatronics,2013,19(5):18-22,61.(In Chinese)
[4]蒋东升,杜国省,李永生,等.基于Adams/View的汽车滑移门动力学仿真分析[J].计算机辅助工程,2013,22(S1):8-10,20.JIANG D S,DU G X,LI Y S,et al.Dynamic simulation analysis on automotive sliding door based on Adams/View[J].Computer Aided Engineering,2013,22(S1):8-10,20.(In Chinese)
[5]廖鸿胡,赵云飞,成艾国,等.基于正交试验的汽车滑移门平顺性优化研究[J].机电工程,2010,27(12):49-52.LIAO H H,ZHAO Y F,CHENG A G,et al.Optimization on ride performance of automotive sliding door based on orthogonal experiments[J].Journal of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,2010,27(12):49-52.(In Chinese)
[6]高云凯,马干干,杜倩倩.滑移门系统刚柔耦合多体动力学特性研究[J].汽车技术,2016(9):1-3,8.GAO Y K,MA G G,DU Q Q.A study on dynamic characteristics of sliding door system based on rigid-flexible coupling multi-body model[J].Automobile Technology,2016(9):1-3,8.(In Chinese)
[7]LI Y J,GAO Y K,MA G G,et al.A study on optimization of the ride comfort of the sliding door based on rigid-flexible coupling multi-body model[C]//SAE World Congress Experience.Detroit:SAE International,2017-01-0417.
[8]周长江,胡波,祝智斌.某型包装机推手机构刚柔耦合系统动力学研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(5):39-43.ZHOU C J,HU B,ZHU Z B.Dynamic study of pusher device system with rigid-flexible coupling in packing machine[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2014,41(5):39-43.(In Chinese)
[9]周五峰,陈梓铭,缪利锋,等.基于缓和曲线曲率修正的中滑门平顺性提升[C]//2016中国汽车工程学会年会论文集.北京:中国汽车工程学会,2016:1463-1465.ZHOU W F,CHEN Z M,MIU L F,et al.Optimization for the smoothness of automobile sliding door based on curvature modification with transition curve[C]//2016 SAE-China Congress Proceedings.Beijing:SAE-China,2016:1463-1465.(In Chinese)
[10]刘鹏飞.汽车滑移门系统的运动学和多刚体动力学建模与参数优化[D].上海:上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,2013:36-40.LIU P F.Multi-rigid-body kinematic and dynamic modeling and optimization of sliding door[D].Shanghai:School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2013:36-40.(In Chinese)
[11]程军圣,余.基于响应面法的听小骨消声器的优化设计[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,44(2):60-65.CHENG J S,YU H.Optimal design of ossicular silencer based on response surface methodology[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2017,44(2):60-65.(In Chinese)