单向循环搬运系统交叉环布局优化问题研究
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摘要
目的为了提高单环单向循环搬运系统的搬运量和系统效率,在单环单向循环搬运系统中增加交叉环且优化交叉环的布局(设置位置及数量)可以避免小车间不必要的等待时间,为搬运系统提供捷径,且提高搬运效率。方法构建系统的数学模型并对不同交叉环布局(设置位置及数量)进行理论分析,在2种基本调度算法下进行仿真实验优化。结果通过理论和仿真实验分析得出,2种基本调度算法下,交叉环设置为布局1时的系统干涉情况最小,但系统单位时间搬运量较少;交叉环设置为布局4时系统单位时间搬运量最大,但系统干涉增加。结论从减少能源消耗(干涉)的角度优化,交叉环应设置1条且设置在系统正中间位置,系统干涉时间最小,单位时间搬运量也最少;从单位时间搬运量最大的角度优化,应在每2个处理站点中间设置多条交叉环,单位时间搬运量最多,但系统干涉时间最大。
To increase the throughput and improve the performance, adding shortcuts and optimizing the different amounts and locations of shortcuts layout in unidirectional circulation-type material handling system on a single loop can provide the shorter route and also improve the efficiency of the system. This paper made a mathematical model of this system, analyzed the different amounts and locations of short-cut layout and then made the simulation experiments under the condition of two basic scheduling rules. According to the analysis and experiment, under the condition of two basic scheduling rules, the first layout of shortcuts setting could decrease the interference of the system but lower the throughput. The fourth layout of shortcuts setting could maximize the throughput of the system but increase the interference. In conclusion, from the view point of decreasing the energy consumption(interference), when the only shortcut must be located in the middle of all the processing station, the interference time achieves the minimum while the throughput is the lowest. From the view point of increasing the throughput in the system, when all the shortcuts must be located in the middle of each two processing stations, the maximum throughput can be achieved while the interference time is increased.
To increase the throughput and improve the performance, adding shortcuts and optimizing the different amounts and locations of shortcuts layout in unidirectional circulation-type material handling system on a single loop can provide the shorter route and also improve the efficiency of the system. This paper made a mathematical model of this system, analyzed the different amounts and locations of short-cut layout and then made the simulation experiments under the condition of two basic scheduling rules. According to the analysis and experiment, under the condition of two basic scheduling rules, the first layout of shortcuts setting could decrease the interference of the system but lower the throughput. The fourth layout of shortcuts setting could maximize the throughput of the system but increase the interference. In conclusion, from the view point of decreasing the energy consumption(interference), when the only shortcut must be located in the middle of all the processing station, the interference time achieves the minimum while the throughput is the lowest. From the view point of increasing the throughput in the system, when all the shortcuts must be located in the middle of each two processing stations, the maximum throughput can be achieved while the interference time is increased.
引文
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[17]LI Jun-tao,KUWATA J,LU Ming-zhe,et al.Analysis and Optimization for Automated vehicle Routing on a Single Loop[J].Journal of the operation Research society of Japan,2006,49(4):202—221.
[2]WU L H,MOK P Y,ZHANG J.An Adaptive Multi-parameter Based Dispatching Strategy for Single-loop Interbay Material Handling Systems[J].Computer in Industry,2011,62(2):175—186.
[3]MARKON S,KISE H,KITA H,et al.Control of Traffic Systems in Buildings[M].Springer London,2006.
[4]LI Jun-tao.A Study on Scheduling Problems for Robotic Systems[D].Kyoto:Kyoto Institute of Technology,2006.
[5]LI Jun-tao,ZHANG Li-zhen,SHANGGUAN Chun-xia,et al.A GA-based Heuristic Algorithm for Non-permutation Two-machine Robotic Flow-shop Scheduling Problem of Minimizing Total Weighted Completion Time[C]//The IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management,2010:1281—1285.
[6]HSUEH C F.A Simulation Study of a Bi-directional Load-exchangeable Automated Guided Vehicle System[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2010,58(4):594—601.
[7]MAZA S,CASTAGNA P.A Performance-based Structural Policy for Conflict-free routing of Bi-directional Automated Guided Vehicles[J].Computers in Industry,2005,56(7):719—733.
[8]曹平方,李灵,李诗珍.基于分枝界定的VRP模型精确算法研究及应用[J].包装工程,2014,35(17):97—101.CAO Ping-fang,LI Ling,LI Shi-zhen.Research and Application of the Accurate Algorithm of VRP Model Based on Branch and Bound Method[J].Packaging Engineering,2014,35(17):97—101.
[9]张元标,吕广庆.基于混合粒子群算法的物流配送路径优化问题研究[J].包装工程,2007,28(5):10—12.ZHANG Yuan-biao,LYU Guang-qing.Study of Physical Distribution Routing Optimization Problem Based on Hybrid PSO Algorithm[J].Packaging Engineering,2007,28(5):10—12.
[10]]廖伟志,古天龙,王汝凉,等.基于混杂Petri网的柔性制造系统免疫调度算法[J].系统仿真学报,2010,22(1):205—209.LIAO Wei-zhi,GU Tian-long,WANG Ru-liang,et al.Immune Scheduling Algorithm for FMS Based on Hybrid Petri Nets[J].Journal of System Simulation,2010,22(1):205—209.
[11]周炳海,胡新宇,孙超.基于改进型多目标粒子群算法的晶圆制造系统瓶颈工作站调度[J].江苏大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(1):63—68.ZHOU Bing-hai,HU Xin-yu,SUN Chao.Scheduling of Bottleneck Workstation in Wafer Fabrication Systems Based on Improved Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm[J].Journal of Jiangsu University(Natural Science Edition),2014,35(1):63—68.
[12]沈正花,陆志强.基于仿真的半导体自动物料搬运系统调度优化[J].工业工程与管理,2011,16(1):85—90.SHEN Zheng-hua,LU Zhi-qiang.Simulation Based Dynamic Scheduling Optimization for Automated Material Handling Systems in Semi-conductor Manufacturing[J].Industrial Engineering and Management,2011,16(1):85—90.
[13]JAEAHAR N,ARAVINDAN P,SURESH R K.AGV Schedule Integrated with Production in Flexible Manufacturing Systems[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,1998,14(6):428—440.
[14]GANESHATAJAH T,HALL N G,SRISKANDARAJAH C.Design and Operational Issues in AGV-served Manufacturing Systems[J].Annals of Operations Research,1998,76(1):109—154.
[15]HO Y C.Dynamic-zone Strategy for Vehicle-collision Prevention and Load Balancing in an AGV System With a Single-loop Guide Path[J].Computers in Industry,2010,42(99):159—176.
[16]夏琨,李军涛,陈淑侠,等.交叉环单向循环搬运系统中交叉环位置的优化[J].包装工程,2016,37(1):89—93.XIA Kun,LI Jun-tao,CHEN Shu-xia,et al.Optimization on Locations of Shortcut in a Unidirectional Circulation-type Material Handling System[J].Packaging Engineering,2016,37(1):89—93.
[17]LI Jun-tao,KUWATA J,LU Ming-zhe,et al.Analysis and Optimization for Automated vehicle Routing on a Single Loop[J].Journal of the operation Research society of Japan,2006,49(4):202—221.