“基本自然资源区”制度研究
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摘要
为深化生态文明体制改革,建立健全自然资源统筹管理制度,为国土空间规划和用途管控提供新思路,文章分析和归纳相关研究背景和现有制度基础,从基本自然资源的主要特征、"基本自然资源区"的概念、分类分区和制度设计4个方面深入研究"基本自然资源区"制度。研究结果表明:在党和政府高度重视自然资源开发利用和保护以及自然资源部成立的背景下,我国实施基本自然资源统筹管理制度具有重要性和必要性,现有的农田和草原等自然资源管理和保护制度为其奠定基础;基本自然资源具有稀缺性、基础性、资产性和兼容性,"基本自然资源区"是科学规划的兼具资源生产功能和自然生态价值的国土空间,属于特殊的经营性资产,主要包括基本农田资源区、基本草原资源区、基本森林资源区、基本水资源区和基本滩涂资源区,未来可逐步吸纳其他自然资源;应从明确功能和管理定位、融入国土空间规划体系、严守管控底线、注重制度衔接和统筹以及搭建信息平台5个方面开展制度设计,探索构建以严格管控基本自然资源数量、质量和功能为主的基本自然资源统筹管理制度。
In order to deepen the reform of ecological civilization system,establish and improve the overall management system of natural resources,and provide new ideas for land spatial planning and use control,this paper analyzed and summarized the relevant research background and existing institutional basis,taking four aspects(main characteristics,concept,classification and division,system design)to study the system of"basic natural resources area"in depth.The results show that firstly it is important and necessary to implement the system of overall management of basic natural resources in China under the background that the Party and the government attachgreat importance to the exploitation and protection of natural resources and the establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources.The existing system of natural resources management and protection,such as farmland and grassland,lays the foundation for it.Secondly the concept of"Basic Natural Resources Area"is defined in order to protect the resources space with both production function and natural ecological value.Based on the economic development needs and management experience,the basic natural resources,including basic farmland resource,basic grassland resource,basic forest resource,basic water resource and basic beach resource,etc.On this basis,the research and discussion of the"Basic Natural Resources"management system are carried out from five aspects:defining the function and management orientation,integrating into the space planning system,strictly observing the bottom line of management,attaching importance to institutional cohesion and building an information platform,which will provide new ideas for the establishment and improvement of the construction of natural resources management.
In order to deepen the reform of ecological civilization system,establish and improve the overall management system of natural resources,and provide new ideas for land spatial planning and use control,this paper analyzed and summarized the relevant research background and existing institutional basis,taking four aspects(main characteristics,concept,classification and division,system design)to study the system of"basic natural resources area"in depth.The results show that firstly it is important and necessary to implement the system of overall management of basic natural resources in China under the background that the Party and the government attachgreat importance to the exploitation and protection of natural resources and the establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources.The existing system of natural resources management and protection,such as farmland and grassland,lays the foundation for it.Secondly the concept of"Basic Natural Resources Area"is defined in order to protect the resources space with both production function and natural ecological value.Based on the economic development needs and management experience,the basic natural resources,including basic farmland resource,basic grassland resource,basic forest resource,basic water resource and basic beach resource,etc.On this basis,the research and discussion of the"Basic Natural Resources"management system are carried out from five aspects:defining the function and management orientation,integrating into the space planning system,strictly observing the bottom line of management,attaching importance to institutional cohesion and building an information platform,which will provide new ideas for the establishment and improvement of the construction of natural resources management.
引文
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[17]刘大海,马雪健,李晓璇,等.海洋功能区划“基本养殖区”的内涵解析与选划思路[J].海洋开发与管理,2015,32(10):13-17.
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[19]张宇龙,李亚宁,胡恒,等.我国海水养殖功能区的保有量和预测研究[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(3):493-496.
[20]马雪健,刘大海,李晓璇,等.中国基本养殖用海需求量预测[J].广东海洋大学学报,2017,37(2):11-17.
[21]李先杰,刘大海,马雪健.我国沿海地区基本养殖用海需求量预测研究[J].海洋环境科学,2018,37(2):15-22.
[22]刘那日苏.自然资源开发对经济增长作用的区域差异研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.
[23]王凤春.分类施策,实现自然资源统一管理[N].中国国土资源报,2017-12-14(005).
[2]许福涛.基本农田保护区耕地质量监测体系的建立与管理[J].土壤,2005,37(5):566-568.
[3]钟太洋,黄贤金,李璐璐,等.区域循环经济发展评价:方法,指标体系与实证研究:以江苏省为例[J].资源科学,2006,28(2):154-162.
[4]吴次芳,谭永忠.制度缺陷与耕地保护[J].中国农村经济,2002(7):69-73.
[5]刘彦随,乔陆印.中国新型城镇化背景下耕地保护制度与政策创新[J].经济地理,2014,34(4):1-6.
[6]李赓,吴次芳,曹顺爱.划定基本农田指标体系的研究[J].农机化研究,2006(8):46-48.
[7]钱凤魁.基于耕地质量及其立地条件评价体系的基本农田划定研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2011.
[8]钱凤魁,王秋兵.基于农用地分等和LESA方法的基本农田划定[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(2):251-255.
[9]靳取货,吴克宁,王金满.农用地分等在基本农田建设中的应用研究[J].资源开发与市场,2010,26(7):617-620.
[10]涂建军,卢德彬.基于GIS与耕地质量组合评价模型划定基本农田整备区[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(2):234-238.
[11]刘霈珈,吴克宁,赵华甫,等.基于耕地综合质量的基本农田布局优化:以河南省温县为例[J].中国土地科学,2015,29(2):54-59.
[12]张超,王治国,凌峰,等.水土保持功能评价及其在水土保持区划中的应用[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(5):90-99.
[13]国土资源部.国土部:结合实施乡村振兴战略推进永久基本农田建设[EB/OL].(2018-02-26)[2018-05-31].http://finance.sina.com.cn/china/2018-02-06/docifyrwsqi2488427.Shtml.
[14]乌丽娅素.基本草原保护法律制度研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学,2013.
[15]单贵莲,徐柱,宁发.草地生态系统健康评价的研究进展与发展趋势[J].中国草地学报,2008,30(2):98-103.
[16]余钦明.罗源湾海洋工程用海项目对水产养殖影响研究[D].厦门:集美大学,2013.
[17]刘大海,马雪健,李晓璇,等.海洋功能区划“基本养殖区”的内涵解析与选划思路[J].海洋开发与管理,2015,32(10):13-17.
[18]韩立民,李大海,王波.“蓝色基本农田”:粮食安全保障与制度构想[J].中国农村经济,2015(10):34-41.
[19]张宇龙,李亚宁,胡恒,等.我国海水养殖功能区的保有量和预测研究[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(3):493-496.
[20]马雪健,刘大海,李晓璇,等.中国基本养殖用海需求量预测[J].广东海洋大学学报,2017,37(2):11-17.
[21]李先杰,刘大海,马雪健.我国沿海地区基本养殖用海需求量预测研究[J].海洋环境科学,2018,37(2):15-22.
[22]刘那日苏.自然资源开发对经济增长作用的区域差异研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.
[23]王凤春.分类施策,实现自然资源统一管理[N].中国国土资源报,2017-12-14(005).