摘要
利用30对荧光标记微卫星引物对天津大港、辽宁盘锦、山东烟台、江苏射阳近海4个自然群体的120个海蜇样本进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示,各群体平均等位基因数为4.0333~6.8333个,平均观测杂合度为0.3906~0.5059,平均期望杂合度为0.4353~0.5986,4个群体的多态信息含量为0.3902~0.5497。遗传距离分析显示,盘锦群体和烟台群体的遗传距离最小(0.0653),亲缘关系最近;而盘锦群体与射阳群体之间的遗传距离最大(0.1629),亲缘关系最远。基于Nei′s遗传距离构建的系统进化树显示,盘锦和烟台群体聚为一支,之后再与大港群体聚为一支,最后与射阳群体聚为一类。综上,4个群体的遗传多样性水平处于中高程度,遗传距离与试验群体地理距离基本相符。本研究的结果将为海蜇分子遗传育种和种质保护提供参考依据。
The genetic diversities of four wild populations in jellyfish(Rhopilema esculenta)sampled from coasts of Dagang in Tianjin,Panjin in Liaoning,Sheyang in Jiangshu,and Yantai in Shandong were analyzed in 120 individuals using thirty fluorescently labeled microsatellite DNA primers to assess the genetic diversities of the four wild populations of jellyfish.The results showed that the average number of alleles was ranged from 4.0333 to 6.8333 in the four populations,with mean observed heterozygosity of 0.3906—0.5059,expected heterozygosity of 0.4353—0.5986,and average polymorphism information content of0.3902—0.5497.Nei′s genetic distance indicated that Panjin and Yantai populations(0.1629)had the nearest genetic distance(0.0653)while the farthest genetic distance were shared by Panjin and Sheyang populations.Phylogenetic tree revealed that Panjin and Yantai populations were clustered together into as one group,then to Dagang population,finally to Sheyang population.In summary,the genetic diversity among the four populations is mid-high and the genetic distances are in accordance with the geographical distances among the experimental populations.The findings provide reference for marker-assisted genetic breeding and germplasm conservation in the jellyfish.
引文
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