海蜇4个自然群体遗传多样性的微卫星标记分析
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摘要
利用30对荧光标记微卫星引物对天津大港、辽宁盘锦、山东烟台、江苏射阳近海4个自然群体的120个海蜇样本进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示,各群体平均等位基因数为4.0333~6.8333个,平均观测杂合度为0.3906~0.5059,平均期望杂合度为0.4353~0.5986,4个群体的多态信息含量为0.3902~0.5497。遗传距离分析显示,盘锦群体和烟台群体的遗传距离最小(0.0653),亲缘关系最近;而盘锦群体与射阳群体之间的遗传距离最大(0.1629),亲缘关系最远。基于Nei′s遗传距离构建的系统进化树显示,盘锦和烟台群体聚为一支,之后再与大港群体聚为一支,最后与射阳群体聚为一类。综上,4个群体的遗传多样性水平处于中高程度,遗传距离与试验群体地理距离基本相符。本研究的结果将为海蜇分子遗传育种和种质保护提供参考依据。
The genetic diversities of four wild populations in jellyfish(Rhopilema esculenta)sampled from coasts of Dagang in Tianjin,Panjin in Liaoning,Sheyang in Jiangshu,and Yantai in Shandong were analyzed in 120 individuals using thirty fluorescently labeled microsatellite DNA primers to assess the genetic diversities of the four wild populations of jellyfish.The results showed that the average number of alleles was ranged from 4.0333 to 6.8333 in the four populations,with mean observed heterozygosity of 0.3906—0.5059,expected heterozygosity of 0.4353—0.5986,and average polymorphism information content of0.3902—0.5497.Nei′s genetic distance indicated that Panjin and Yantai populations(0.1629)had the nearest genetic distance(0.0653)while the farthest genetic distance were shared by Panjin and Sheyang populations.Phylogenetic tree revealed that Panjin and Yantai populations were clustered together into as one group,then to Dagang population,finally to Sheyang population.In summary,the genetic diversity among the four populations is mid-high and the genetic distances are in accordance with the geographical distances among the experimental populations.The findings provide reference for marker-assisted genetic breeding and germplasm conservation in the jellyfish.
The genetic diversities of four wild populations in jellyfish(Rhopilema esculenta)sampled from coasts of Dagang in Tianjin,Panjin in Liaoning,Sheyang in Jiangshu,and Yantai in Shandong were analyzed in 120 individuals using thirty fluorescently labeled microsatellite DNA primers to assess the genetic diversities of the four wild populations of jellyfish.The results showed that the average number of alleles was ranged from 4.0333 to 6.8333 in the four populations,with mean observed heterozygosity of 0.3906—0.5059,expected heterozygosity of 0.4353—0.5986,and average polymorphism information content of0.3902—0.5497.Nei′s genetic distance indicated that Panjin and Yantai populations(0.1629)had the nearest genetic distance(0.0653)while the farthest genetic distance were shared by Panjin and Sheyang populations.Phylogenetic tree revealed that Panjin and Yantai populations were clustered together into as one group,then to Dagang population,finally to Sheyang population.In summary,the genetic diversity among the four populations is mid-high and the genetic distances are in accordance with the geographical distances among the experimental populations.The findings provide reference for marker-assisted genetic breeding and germplasm conservation in the jellyfish.
引文
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[2]马永全,于新,黄小红.海蜇的药用与食用价值研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2009(9):153-156.
[3] Hsieh Y H P,Fuimeong L,Rudloe J,et al.Jellyfish as food[J].Hydrobiologia,2001,451(1/3):11-17.
[4] Omori M,Nakano E.Jellyfish fisheries in southeast Asia[J].Hydrobiologia,2001,451(1/3):19-26.
[5]李玉龙,董婧,王彬,等.基于线粒体COⅠ基因的海蜇不同地理群体遗传特征[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(7):2340-2347.
[6]金一,顺涛,宏宽.成功之梦何时圆──对辽东湾海蜇资源管理成败的思考[J].中国水产,1999(2):8-9.
[7]武小斌,穆淑梅,赵玲玉,等.日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)4个野生群体遗传多样性微卫星分析[J].河北大学学报:自然科学版,2017,37(2):161-168.
[8]陆丽君,马爱军,王新安,等.5个红鳍东方鲀养殖群体微卫星DNA遗传多态性分析[J].渔业科学进展,2013,34(4):27-33.
[9] Feng L,Hu L,Fu X,et al.An integrated genetic and cytogenetic map for zhikong scallop,Chlamys farreri,based on microsatellite markers[J].PloS One,2014,9(7):e92567.
[10]陆丽君,马爱军,王新安,等.5个红鳍东方鲀养殖群体微卫星DNA遗传多态性分析[J].渔业科学进展,2013,34(4):27-33.
[11]Kessuwan K,Kubota S,Liu Q,et al.Detection of growth-related quantitative trait loci and high-resolution genetic linkage maps using simple sequence repeat markers in the kelp grouper(Epinephelus bruneus)[J].Marine Biotechnology,2016,18(1):57-84.
[12]崔朝霞,张姝,栾维莎,等.一种海蜇基因组DNA的提取方法:中国,CN101988055A[P].2011-03-23.
[13]卢彦先,狄明玉,李云峰,等.海蜇微卫星标记开发及自然、养殖群体遗传多样性分析[J].水产科学,2017,36(4):472-479.
[14]沈浩,刘登义.遗传多样性概述[J].生物学杂志,2001,18(3):5-7.
[15]Barker J S F.Sequential gel electrophoretic analysis of esterase-2in two populations of Drosophila buzzatii[J].Genetica,1994,92(3):165-175.
[16]Shete S,Tiwari H,Elston R C.On estimating the heterozygosity and polymorphism information content value[J].Theoretical Population Biology,2000,57(3):265-271.
[17]Botstein D,White R L,Skolnick M,et al.Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms[J].American Journal of Human Genetics,1980,32(3):314-331.
[18]戴习林,刘洁,李晶晶,等.罗氏沼虾种群SSR分析中样本量及标记量对遗传多样性指标的影响[J].水产学报,2017,41(7):1083-1095.
[19]韩承慧,马海涛,姜海滨,等.许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)微卫星标记开发及野生、养殖群体遗传多样性分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2016,47(1):213-220.
[20]常城,韩慧宗,王腾腾,等.单环刺螠(Urechis unicinctus)微卫星标记开发及5个地理种群遗传结构分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2017,48(3):498-507.
[21]Balloux F,Lugon Moulin N.The estimation of population differentiation with microsatellite markers[J].Molecular Ecology,2002,11(2):155-165.
[22]刘博,匡友谊,佟广香,等.微卫星分析9个哲罗鱼野生群体的遗传多样性[J].动物学研究,2011,32(6):597-604.
[23]蒋鹏,史建全,张研,等.应用微卫星多态分析青海湖裸鲤[Gymnocypris przewalski(Kessler)]六个野生群体的遗传多样性[J].生态学报,2009,29(2):391-397.
[24]Slatkin M.Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations[J].Science,1987,236(4803):787-792.