基于CAD模型外轮廓线的3D打印自适应分层算法
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摘要
3D打印计算机辅助设计(CAD)模型转换标准三角形语言(STL)文件过程中,存在表面精度下降,结构体信息丢失的问题.文中提出一种基于CAD模型外轮廓线的自适应分层方法.即采用角度分组思路,通过引用一系列过Z轴的平面对CAD模型等转角剖切,并将剖切面与模型外表面相交轮廓线绕Z轴旋转至XOZ平面内进行轮廓线微分段处理,然后利用三角函数关系、概率统计方法、加权方法综合计算获得3D打印STL文件每一层的自适应分层厚度值.打印实例分析结果表明,文中算法可减少STL文件的转换误差,提高3D打印精度和打印效率.
In the process of converting CAD( Computer Aided Design) models into STL( Standard Triangular Language) models in three-dimension( 3 D) printing,there exist such problems as reduction of surface accuracy and loss of structure information. In this paper,a adaptive layered method is proposed based on the contour line of CAD models,with an approach of angle grouping,by referring to a series of planes containing Z axis to cut CAD models with equal turning angle,rotating the intersecting contour lines of cutting planes and model surfaces to XOZ plane around the Z axis,and dividing the contour lines into differential segments,applying trigonometric function relations,probability and statistic method,and weighting to calculate the adaptive layered thickness of each layer for 3 D printing STL files. The results of model printing show that the algorithm can reduce conversion error of STL files,improve printing accuracy and printing efficiency of 3D printings.
In the process of converting CAD( Computer Aided Design) models into STL( Standard Triangular Language) models in three-dimension( 3 D) printing,there exist such problems as reduction of surface accuracy and loss of structure information. In this paper,a adaptive layered method is proposed based on the contour line of CAD models,with an approach of angle grouping,by referring to a series of planes containing Z axis to cut CAD models with equal turning angle,rotating the intersecting contour lines of cutting planes and model surfaces to XOZ plane around the Z axis,and dividing the contour lines into differential segments,applying trigonometric function relations,probability and statistic method,and weighting to calculate the adaptive layered thickness of each layer for 3 D printing STL files. The results of model printing show that the algorithm can reduce conversion error of STL files,improve printing accuracy and printing efficiency of 3D printings.
引文
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[12]王静亚,方亮,郝敬宾.STL模型特征面片自适应分层算法[J].计算机应用研究,2011,28(6):2361-2364.WANG Jing-ya,FANG Liang,HAO Jing-bin.Adaptive slicing algorithm of STL model based on feature facets[J].Application Research of Computers,2011,28(6):2361-2364.
[13]王春香,郝志博,陈浩宏.快速成型中基于MATLAB软件的STL模型的分层优化[J].机床与液压,2014,42(21):113-117.WANG Chun-xiang,HAO Zhi-bo,CHEN Hao-hong.Layering optimization of STL model based on MATLAB software in rapid prototyping[J].Machine Tool and Hydraulics,2014,42(21):113-117.
[14]李文康,陈长波,吴文渊.有效保留模型特征的自适应分层算法[J].计算机应用,2015,35(8):2295-2300.LI Wen-kang,CHEN Chang-bo,WU Wen-yuan.Adaptive slicing algorithm to retain model characteristics[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2015,35(8):2295-2300.
[15]钟山,杨永强.RE/RP集成系统中基于STL的精确分层方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2012,18(6):1145-1150.ZHONG Shan,YANG Yong-qiang.Precise slicing method based on STL in RE/RP integrated system[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systenms,2012,18(6):1145-1150.
[2]HUANG T C,LIN C Y.From 3D modeling to 3D printing:development of a differentiated spatial ability teaching model[J].Telematics and Informatics,2017,34(2):604-613.
[3]周华民,成学文,刘芬,等.STL文件错误的修复算法研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2005,17(4):761-767.ZHOU Hua-min,CHENG Xue-wen,LIU Fen,et al.Research on repair algorithms for STL files[J].Journal of Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics,2005,17(4):761-767.
[4]DENG C Y,WANG G Z.Interpolating triangular meshes by loop subdivision scheme[J].Science China Information Sciences,2010,53(9):1765-1773.
[5]ALKALAI N,DYN N.Optimising 3D triangulations:improving the initial triangulation for the butterfly subdivision scheme[M]∥DODGSON N A,FLOATER M S,SABIN M A.Advances in Multiresolution for Geometric Moelling.Berlin:Springer,2005,23l-244.
[6]LABSIK U,GREINER G.Interpolatory 3-subdivision[J].Computer Graphics Forum,2000,19(3):131-138.
[7]张争艳,陈萍,杨丽,等.快速成型中粗糙STL模型细分算法[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(7):178-186.ZHANG Zheng-yan,CHEN Ping,YANG Li,et al.The subdivision algorithm of STL model with low precision in rapid prototyping process[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(7):178-186.
[8]陈昆,潘小帝,陈定方.一种快速成型自适应分层算法[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2014,38(3):547-551.CHEN Kun,PAN Xiao-di,CHEN Ding-fang.An adaptive slicing algorithm of rapid prototyping[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science and Engineering),2014,38(3):547-551.
[9]SINGAMNENI S,JOE R A,HUANG B.Adaptive slicing for fused deposition modeling and practical implementation schemes[J].Advanced Materials Research,2012,428(1):137-140.
[10]HUANG B,SINGAMNENI S B.Curved layer adaptiveslicing(CLAS)for fused deposition modeling[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2015,21(4):354-367.
[11]ZENG L,LAI M L,QI D,et al.Efficient slicing procedure based on adaptive layer depth normal image[J].Computer-Aided Design,2011,43(12):1577-1586.
[12]王静亚,方亮,郝敬宾.STL模型特征面片自适应分层算法[J].计算机应用研究,2011,28(6):2361-2364.WANG Jing-ya,FANG Liang,HAO Jing-bin.Adaptive slicing algorithm of STL model based on feature facets[J].Application Research of Computers,2011,28(6):2361-2364.
[13]王春香,郝志博,陈浩宏.快速成型中基于MATLAB软件的STL模型的分层优化[J].机床与液压,2014,42(21):113-117.WANG Chun-xiang,HAO Zhi-bo,CHEN Hao-hong.Layering optimization of STL model based on MATLAB software in rapid prototyping[J].Machine Tool and Hydraulics,2014,42(21):113-117.
[14]李文康,陈长波,吴文渊.有效保留模型特征的自适应分层算法[J].计算机应用,2015,35(8):2295-2300.LI Wen-kang,CHEN Chang-bo,WU Wen-yuan.Adaptive slicing algorithm to retain model characteristics[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2015,35(8):2295-2300.
[15]钟山,杨永强.RE/RP集成系统中基于STL的精确分层方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2012,18(6):1145-1150.ZHONG Shan,YANG Yong-qiang.Precise slicing method based on STL in RE/RP integrated system[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systenms,2012,18(6):1145-1150.