考虑润滑油供给条件的油环-缸套摩擦副润滑分析
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摘要
内燃机油环-缸套摩擦副润滑分析,多采用富油条件或假定某种特殊边界条件,与油环-缸套摩擦副实际润滑油供给状况不相符。以某四行程内燃机为研究对象,研究油环-缸套间润滑油流动与供给,确定油环进口油膜厚度;在此基础上,根据流量平衡和压力平衡,确定油环上、下轨各段工作面边界条件,并分别对各段求解Reynolds方程,分析油环-缸套摩擦副在计及润滑油供给条件下的润滑性能,并与富油状况对比。研究结果表明,计及供油状况下,油环-缸套摩擦副在上、下行程的润滑性能不对称,最小油膜厚度、最大油膜压力、摩擦力及摩擦功耗与富油状况均有一定差异,特别是在上行程差别显著。可见,考虑进口润滑油供给条件分析内燃机油环润滑性能,将对活塞环-缸套摩擦副的设计信赖性产生积极影响。
Most investigations on the lubrication of tribological interface between the oil-control-ring and the cylinder are based on the boundary condition of full lubrication condition or some certain one assumed. It does not meet well with the actuality of lubricant oil feeding. A 4-stroke IC engine is investigated to study the lubricant oil flowing and inlet feeding between the oil-control-ring and the cylinder. The oil film thickness of the inlet is determined. Based on this investigation, the flow equilibrium and the oil pressure equilibrium being guaranteed, boundary conditions are checked for each working surface. Lubrication parameters are analyzed for respective interface by resolving the Reynolds equation under the condition of actual inlet oil feeding. Research shows that, in the up-stroke, the lubrication performance of the frictional pair is asymmetrical with that in the down-stroke. As well as the maximum oil-film-pressure and the friction force and the friction power, the minimum oil-film-thickness has much difference with the one under full lubrication condition, especially in the up-stroke. Analysis of lubrication between the oil-control-ring and the cylinder, considering oil feeding condition, will benefit the reliability of design for the piston-cylinder frictional pair.
Most investigations on the lubrication of tribological interface between the oil-control-ring and the cylinder are based on the boundary condition of full lubrication condition or some certain one assumed. It does not meet well with the actuality of lubricant oil feeding. A 4-stroke IC engine is investigated to study the lubricant oil flowing and inlet feeding between the oil-control-ring and the cylinder. The oil film thickness of the inlet is determined. Based on this investigation, the flow equilibrium and the oil pressure equilibrium being guaranteed, boundary conditions are checked for each working surface. Lubrication parameters are analyzed for respective interface by resolving the Reynolds equation under the condition of actual inlet oil feeding. Research shows that, in the up-stroke, the lubrication performance of the frictional pair is asymmetrical with that in the down-stroke. As well as the maximum oil-film-pressure and the friction force and the friction power, the minimum oil-film-thickness has much difference with the one under full lubrication condition, especially in the up-stroke. Analysis of lubrication between the oil-control-ring and the cylinder, considering oil feeding condition, will benefit the reliability of design for the piston-cylinder frictional pair.
引文
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[16]SPENCER A,AVAN E Y,ALMQVIST A,et al.An experimental and numerical investigation of frictional losses and film thickness for four cylinder liner variants for a heavy duty diesel engine[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2013,227(12):1319-1333.
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[18]LIAO K,CHEN H,TIAN T.The study of friction between piston ring and different cylinder liners using floating liner engine-Part 1[R].SAE 2012 World Congress&Exhibition,2012.
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[20]MARKUS S.Simulation of twin land oil control ring in heavy duty diesel engines[D].Lule?:Lule?Tekniska University,2014.
[21]MARKUS S,ALMQVIST A,LARSSON R.A model for twin land oil control rings[J].Tribology International,2016,95:475-482.
[22]CHEN H,LI Y,TIAN T.A novel approach to model the lubrication and friction between the twin-land oil control ring and liner with consideration of micro structure of the liner surface finish in internal combustion engines[R].SAE Technical Paper,2008-01-1613.
[23]CHEN H,LIAO K,TIAN T.A numerical and experimental study of twin-land oil control ring friction in internal combustion engines part 2[R].SAE 2012 World Congress&Exhibition,2012.
[24]RUDDY B L,DOWSON D,ECONOMOU P N.Atheoretical analysis of the twin-land type of oil‐control piston ring[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,1981,23(2):51-62.
[25]THIROUARD B,TIAN T,HART D P.Investigation of oil transport mechanisms in the piston ring pack of a single cylinder diesel engine,using two dimensional laser induced fluorescence[R].SAE,Detroit,1998.
[26]孙军,刘广胜,苗恩铭,等.内燃机活塞裙部-缸套间润滑油输送状况[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(22):138-145.SUN Jun,LIU Guangsheng,MIAO Enming,et al.Lubricating oil delivery between piston skirt and cylinder liner of internal combustion engine[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(22):138-145.
[27]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.WEN Shizhu,HUANG Ping.Principles of tribology[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2012.
[28]PATIR N,CHENG H S.An average flow model for determining effects of three dimensional roughness on partial hydrodynamic lubrication[J].ASME.J.of Lubrication Tech.,1978,100(1):12-17.
[29]PATIR N,CHENG H S.Application of average flow model to lubrication between rough sliding surfaces[J].ASME.J.of Lubrication Tech.,1979,101(2):220-229.
[30]GREENWOOD J A,TRIPP J H.The contact of two nominally flat rough surfaces[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,1970,185:625-634.
[2]CHO Y,TIAN T.Modeling engine oil vaporization and transport of the oil vapor in the piston ring pack of internal combustion engines[R].SAE Technical Paper,2004-01-2912.
[3]HRONZA J,BELL D.A lubrication and oil transport model for piston rings using a Navier-Stokes equation with surface tension[R].SAE Technical Paper,2007-01-1053.
[4]OLIVA A,HELD S,HERDT A,et al.Numerical simulation of the gas flow through the piston ring pack of an internal combustion engine[R].SAE Technical Paper,2015-01-1302.
[5]MCGROGAN S,TIAN T.Numerical simulation of combustion-driven oil transport on the top land of an internal combustion engine piston[J].International Journal of Engine Research,2010,11(4):243-256.
[6]VEETTIL M,FANGHUI S.CFD analysis of oil/gas flow in piston ring-pack[R].SAE Technical Paper,2011-01-1406.
[7]OLIVA A,HELD S.Numerical multiphase simulation and validation of the flow in the piston ring pack of an internal combustion engine[J].Tribology International,2016,101:98-109.
[8]MA M T,SHERRINGTON I,SMITH E H.Analysis of lubrication and friction for a complete piston-ring pack with an improved oil availability model,part 1:Circumferentially uniform film[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.Part J,1997,211(J1):1-15.
[9]孙军,刘广胜,许枫,等.进口润滑条件对活塞环-缸套摩擦副润滑性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2015,35(4):423-430.SUN Jun,LIU Guangsheng,XU Feng,et al.Effect of import lubrication on lubrication performance of piston ring-cylinder liner friction pair[J].Journal of Tribology,2015,35(4):423-430.
[10]SHAHMOHAMADI H,MOHAMMADPOUR M,RAHMANI R,et al.On the boundary conditions in multi-phase flow through the piston ring-cylinder liner conjunction[J].Tribology International,2015,90:164-174.
[11]SHAHMOHAMADI H,RAHMANI R,RAHNEJAT H,et al.Cavitating flow in engine piston ring-cylinder liner conjunction[C].ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition,2013.
[12]YILMAZ E.Sources and characteristics of oil consumption in a spark-ignition engine[D].Cambridge:Massachusetts Institute of Technology,2003.
[13]SHAHMOHAMADI H,RAHMANI R,RAHNEJAT H,et al.Thermo-mixed hydrodynamics of piston compression ring conjunction[J].Tribology Letter,2013,51(3):323-340.
[14]张俊红,李周裕,何振鹏,等.考虑空穴效应的活塞环-缸套动力润滑分析[J].内燃机学报,2013,31(3):268-275.ZHANG Junhong,LI Zhouyu,HE Zhenpeng,et al.Dynamic lubrication analysis of piston ring-cylinder liner considering cavity effect[J].Journal of Internal Combustion Engine,2013,31(3):268-275.
[15]PRIEST M,DOWSON D,TAYLOR C M.Theoretical modelling of cavitation in piston ring lubrication[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2000,214(3):435-447.
[16]SPENCER A,AVAN E Y,ALMQVIST A,et al.An experimental and numerical investigation of frictional losses and film thickness for four cylinder liner variants for a heavy duty diesel engine[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2013,227(12):1319-1333.
[17]LI Y,CHEN H,TIAN T.A deterministic model for lubricant transport within complex geometry under sliding contact and its application in the interaction between the oil control ring and rough liner in internal combustion engines[R].SAE Technical Paper,2008-01-1615.
[18]LIAO K,CHEN H,TIAN T.The study of friction between piston ring and different cylinder liners using floating liner engine-Part 1[R].SAE 2012 World Congress&Exhibition,2012.
[19]NOCERA E,BRUNO R A,SILVA D,et al.High durability and low fuel consumption ring pack for hdd engines[R].SAE Technical Paper,2013-01-1725.
[20]MARKUS S.Simulation of twin land oil control ring in heavy duty diesel engines[D].Lule?:Lule?Tekniska University,2014.
[21]MARKUS S,ALMQVIST A,LARSSON R.A model for twin land oil control rings[J].Tribology International,2016,95:475-482.
[22]CHEN H,LI Y,TIAN T.A novel approach to model the lubrication and friction between the twin-land oil control ring and liner with consideration of micro structure of the liner surface finish in internal combustion engines[R].SAE Technical Paper,2008-01-1613.
[23]CHEN H,LIAO K,TIAN T.A numerical and experimental study of twin-land oil control ring friction in internal combustion engines part 2[R].SAE 2012 World Congress&Exhibition,2012.
[24]RUDDY B L,DOWSON D,ECONOMOU P N.Atheoretical analysis of the twin-land type of oil‐control piston ring[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,1981,23(2):51-62.
[25]THIROUARD B,TIAN T,HART D P.Investigation of oil transport mechanisms in the piston ring pack of a single cylinder diesel engine,using two dimensional laser induced fluorescence[R].SAE,Detroit,1998.
[26]孙军,刘广胜,苗恩铭,等.内燃机活塞裙部-缸套间润滑油输送状况[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(22):138-145.SUN Jun,LIU Guangsheng,MIAO Enming,et al.Lubricating oil delivery between piston skirt and cylinder liner of internal combustion engine[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(22):138-145.
[27]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.WEN Shizhu,HUANG Ping.Principles of tribology[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2012.
[28]PATIR N,CHENG H S.An average flow model for determining effects of three dimensional roughness on partial hydrodynamic lubrication[J].ASME.J.of Lubrication Tech.,1978,100(1):12-17.
[29]PATIR N,CHENG H S.Application of average flow model to lubrication between rough sliding surfaces[J].ASME.J.of Lubrication Tech.,1979,101(2):220-229.
[30]GREENWOOD J A,TRIPP J H.The contact of two nominally flat rough surfaces[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,1970,185:625-634.