再生水中致病微生物的净化要求和安全限值
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摘要
国际上提出病原微生物致病风险年允许值1×10~(-4),有学者认为上述数值要求太严,建议1×10~(-2)为年风险标准值,以年风险值1×10~(-4)、1×10~(-2),分别计算再生水回用于绿化、降尘、冲厕、景观、娱乐用水、农业灌溉时的致病微生物的允许浓度值,以此浓度值作为污水处理厂三级处理的致病微生物达标标准。计算过程中,脊髓灰质炎病毒、甲肝病毒、柯萨奇病毒符合指数分布传播,轮状病毒符合泊松分布传播。
The international pathogenic microorganism annual risk limitation is 1×10~(-4),and 1×10~(-2) is also suggested as a comparative loose value.Using reclaimed wastewater as an example,this paper presents the results of the calculated limits of given pathogenic microorganisms in reclaimed wastewater as the policy targets for emission control of wastewater treatment plant.Two above-mentioned risk levels,as well as different wastewater reclaiming scenarios such as for being served as city greening,room-washing,dust removal,as well as recreational or agricultural purposes,were taken into accounts respectively during calculation.This paper also suggests the specific distributions of probabilities applicable for given pathogenic microorganism.
The international pathogenic microorganism annual risk limitation is 1×10~(-4),and 1×10~(-2) is also suggested as a comparative loose value.Using reclaimed wastewater as an example,this paper presents the results of the calculated limits of given pathogenic microorganisms in reclaimed wastewater as the policy targets for emission control of wastewater treatment plant.Two above-mentioned risk levels,as well as different wastewater reclaiming scenarios such as for being served as city greening,room-washing,dust removal,as well as recreational or agricultural purposes,were taken into accounts respectively during calculation.This paper also suggests the specific distributions of probabilities applicable for given pathogenic microorganism.
引文
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[2]郑祥,吕文洲,杨敏,等.膜技术对污水中病原微生物去除的研究进展[J].工业水处理,2005,25(1):1-5,9.
[3]李梅,胡洪营,张薛,等.城市污水处理工艺对病毒指示噬菌体的去除效果[J].环境科学,2006,27(1):80-84.
[4]仇付国.城市污水再生利用健康风险评价理论与方法研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2004.
[5]郑祥,吕文洲,杨敏,等.膜生物反应器去除污水中病毒的试验研究[J].科学通报,2005,50(2):117-122.
[6]林玉娣,马玉林,葛敏英,等.城镇污水综合处理卫生学指标评价[J].中国公共卫生,2001,17(12):1109-1110.