青海省格尔木市西山铜多金属矿成矿岩体锆石U-Pb定年及地球化学特征
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摘要
格尔木西山铜多金属矿的成矿岩体为似斑状二长花岗岩,位于昆中断裂与昆北断裂之间的秦祁昆晚加里东造山系内,其理论研究工作十分薄弱.以岩石地球化学、同位素年代学为手段进行研究,表明岩体属于高钾钙碱性系列过铝质花岗岩类.稀土、微量元素特征为轻稀土富集型,右倾式,具强负铕异常,富集大离子亲石元素(Th、U、K),明显亏损高场强元素(如P、Ti),相对于Rb和Th明显亏损Ba.岩浆为地壳来源,具弱分离结晶花岗岩特征.在似斑状二长花岗岩中获得岩浆锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb加权平均年龄(267.5±3.4Ma)与谐和年龄(267.0±2.9Ma)的数据,表明岩体形成于中二叠世的同时,也约束了成矿作用的下限.矿床类型应为与花岗质岩浆活动有关的构造热液型多金属矿.
The magmatic rock of porphyroid monzonitic granite of Xishan copper polymetallic deposit,Geermu City,is located in the Late Caledonian Qinling-Qilian-Kulun orogen between the Central and North Kunlun fault,and the research work is still very poor.Based on the rock geochemistry and isotope chronology,this paper shows that the magmatic rocks belong to high potassium calc-alkaline series and peraluminous granites.The chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE)distribution patterns of the magmatic rocks are enriched in the light REE(LREE)and display strong negative Eu anomalies.The magmatic rocks are enriched in large ion lithophile elements(Th,U,K),while depleted in high field strength elements(e.g.,P,Ti)and in Ba relative to Rb and Th.The magma is the source of the crust and has the characteristics of weakly separated crystalline granite.The U-Pb weighted age(average 267.5±3.4 Ma)and concordant age(267.0±2.9 Ma)acquired in zircon from porphyritic monzonitic granite show that the rock mass formed in middle Permian,which thus constrainted the lower limit of mineralization.The origin of the deposit should be polymetallic tectonic hydrothermal type,which was related to granitic magmatism.
The magmatic rock of porphyroid monzonitic granite of Xishan copper polymetallic deposit,Geermu City,is located in the Late Caledonian Qinling-Qilian-Kulun orogen between the Central and North Kunlun fault,and the research work is still very poor.Based on the rock geochemistry and isotope chronology,this paper shows that the magmatic rocks belong to high potassium calc-alkaline series and peraluminous granites.The chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE)distribution patterns of the magmatic rocks are enriched in the light REE(LREE)and display strong negative Eu anomalies.The magmatic rocks are enriched in large ion lithophile elements(Th,U,K),while depleted in high field strength elements(e.g.,P,Ti)and in Ba relative to Rb and Th.The magma is the source of the crust and has the characteristics of weakly separated crystalline granite.The U-Pb weighted age(average 267.5±3.4 Ma)and concordant age(267.0±2.9 Ma)acquired in zircon from porphyritic monzonitic granite show that the rock mass formed in middle Permian,which thus constrainted the lower limit of mineralization.The origin of the deposit should be polymetallic tectonic hydrothermal type,which was related to granitic magmatism.
引文
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Pan,T.,Wang,B.Z.,Li,D.S.,et al.,2016.Metallogenic Environment and Regularity and Prospecting Direction of East Kunlun in Qinghai Province.Geological Publishing House,Beijing,64(in Chinese).
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Taylor,S.R.,McLennan,S.M.,1995.The Geochemical Evolution of the Continental Crust.Reviews of Geophysics,33(2):241.https://doi.org/10.1029/95rg00262
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Dostal,J.,Chatterjee,A.K.,1995.Origin of Topaz-Bearing and Related Peraluminous Granites of the Late Devonian Davis Lake Pluton,Nova Scotia,Canada:Crystal versus Fluid Fractionation.Chemical Geology,123(1-4):67-88.https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(95)00047-p
Feng,C.Y.,Li,D.S.,Qu,W.J.,et al.,2009.Re-Os Isotopic Dating of Molybdenite from the Suolajier Skarn-Type Copper-Molybdenum Deposit of Qimantage Mountain in Qinghai Province and Its Geological Significance.Rock and Mineral Analysis,28(3):223-227(in Chinese with English abstract).
Feng,C.Y.,Wang,S.,Li,G.C.,et al.,2012.Middle to Late Triassic Granitoids in the Qimantage Area,Qinghai Province,China:Chronology,Geochemistry and Metallogenic Significances.Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(2):665-678(in Chinese with English abstract).
Feng,C.Y.,Wang,X.P.,Shu,X.F.,et al.,2011.Isotopic Chronology of the Hutouya Skarn Lead-Zinc Polymetallic Ore District in Qimantage Area of Qinghai Province and Its Geological Significance.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),41(6):1806-1817(in Chinese with English abstract).https://doi.org/10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.2011.06.013
Gelman,S.E.,Deering,C.D.,Bachmann,O.,et al.,2014.Identifying the Crystal Graveyards Remaining after Large Silicic Eruptions.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,403:299-306.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.07.005
Green,T.H.,1995.Significance of Nb/Ta as an Indicator of Geochemical Processes in the Crust-Mantle System.Chemical Geology,120(3-4):347-359.https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)00145-x
Gu,F.B.,1994.Geological Characteristics of East Kunlun and Tectonic Evolution in Late Palaezoic-Mesozoic Era.Qinghai Geology,(1):4-14(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ji,W.H.,Chen,S.J.,Li,R.S.,et al.,2014.Characteristics of Paleozoic Tectonics and Evolution of Lithofacies and Palaeogeography of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateanu and Its Adjacent Areas.China University of Geosciences Press,Wuhan,302-305(in Chinese).
Lee,C.T.A.,Morton,D.M.,2015.High Silica Granites:Terminal Porosity and Crystal Settling in Shallow Magma Chambers.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,409:23-31.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.10.040
Li,Y.G.,Wang,S.S.,Liu,M.B.,et al.,2015.U-Pb Dating Study of Baddeleyite by LA-ICP-MS:Technique and Application.Acta Geologica Sinica,89(12):2400-2418(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,Y.H.,Mo,X.X.,Yu,X.H.,et al.,2006.Zircon SHRIMPU-Pb Dating of the Jingren Granite,Yemaquan Region of the East Kunlun and Its Geological Significance.Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(10):2457-2463(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ludwig,K.R.,2003.ISOPLOT 3.00:A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel.Berkeley Geochronology Center,Berkeley.
Luo,M.F.,Mo,X.X.,Yu,X.H.,et al.,2015.Zircon U-Pb Geochronology,Petrogenesis and Implication of the Later Permian Granodiorite from the Wulonggou Area in East Kunlun,Qinghai Province.Earth Science Frontiers,22(5):182-195(in Chinese with English abstract).https://doi.org/10.13745/j.esf.2015.05.015
Luo,Z.H.,Deng,J.F.,Cao,Y.Q.,et al.,1999.On Late PaleozoicEarly Mesozoic Volcanism and Regional Tectonic Evolution of Eastern Kunlun,Qinghai Province.Geoscience,13(1):51-56(in Chinese with English abstract).
Luo,Z.H.,Ke,S.,Cao,Y.Q.,et al.,2002.Late Indosinian Mantel-Derived Magmatism in the East Kunlun.Geolocical Bulletin of China,21(6):292-297(in Chinese with English abstract).
McCarthy,T.S.,Hasty,R.A.,1976.Trace Element Distribution Patterns and Their Relationship to the Crystallization of Granitic Melts.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,40(11):1351-1358.https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(76)90125-3
McKenzie,D.,1989.Some Remarks on the Movement of Small Melt Fractions in the Mantle.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,95(1-2):53-72.https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821x(89)90167-2
Miller,C.F.,Mittlefehldt,D.W.,1982.Depletion of Light Rare-Earth Elements in Felsic Magmas.Geology,10(3):129.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1982)10<129:dolrei>2.0.co;2
Mo,X.X.,Luo,Z.H.,Deng,J.F.,et al.,2007.Granitoids and Crustal Growth in the East-Kunlun Orogenic Belt.Geological Journal of China Universities,13(3):403-414(in Chinese with English abstract).
Pan,T.,Wang,B.Z.,Li,D.S.,et al.,2016.Metallogenic Environment and Regularity and Prospecting Direction of East Kunlun in Qinghai Province.Geological Publishing House,Beijing,64(in Chinese).
Rudnick,R.L.,Fountain,D.M.,1995.Nature and Composition of the Continental Crust:A Lower Crustal Perspective.Reviews of Geophysics,33(3):267.https://doi.org/10.1029/95rg01302
She,H.Q.,Zhang,D.Q.,Jing,X.Y.,et al.,2007.Geological Characteristics and Genesis of the Ulan Uzhur Porphyry Copper Deposit in Qinghai.Geology in China,34(2):306-314(in Chinese with English abstract).
Song,Z.B.,Jia,Q.Z.,Zhang,Z.Y.,et al.,2010.Study on Gelogical Feature and Origin of Yemaquan Fe-Cu Deposit in Qimantage Area,Eastern Kunlun.Northwestern Geology,43(4):209-217(in Chinese with English abstract).
Song,Z.B.,Zhang,Y.L.,Chen,X.Y.,et al.,2013.Geochemical Characteristics of Harizha Granite Diorite-Porphyry in East Kunlun and Their Geological Implications.Mineral Deposits,32(1):157-168(in Chinese with English abstract).
Sun,S.S.,McDonough,W.F.,1989.Chemical and Isotopic Systematics of Oceanic Basalts:Implications for Mantle Composition and Processes.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,42(1):313-345.https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1989.042.01.19
Tao,G.,Zhu,L.D.,Li,Z.W.,et al.,2017.Petrogenesis and Geological Significance of the North Liuhuangkuang Granodiorite in the West Sement of the Qilian Terrane:Evidences from Geochronology,Geochemistry,and Hf Isotopes.Earth Science,42(12):2258-2275(in Chinese with English abstract).https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2017.614
Taylor,S.R.,McLennan,S.M.,1995.The Geochemical Evolution of the Continental Crust.Reviews of Geophysics,33(2):241.https://doi.org/10.1029/95rg00262
van Achterbergh,E.,Ryan,C.G.,Jackson,S.E.,et al.,2001.Data Reduction Software for LA-ICP-MS.In:Sylvester,P.,ed.,Laser Ablation-ICPMS in the Earth Sciences:Principles and Applications.Mineralogical Association of Canada,Ottwa,239-243.
Wang,S.,Feng,C.Y.,Li,S.J.,et al.,2009.Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb Dating of Granodiorite in the Kaerqueka Polymetallic Ore Deposit,Qimantage Mountain,Qinghai Province,and Its Geological Implications.Geology in China,36(1):74-84(in Chinese with English abstract).
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