泛杭州湾海域沉积物中多环芳烃分布及源解析
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摘要
2011~2014年每年对泛杭州湾海域36个站位采集表层沉积物样品,对沉积物样品中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量进行检测,了解其浓度水平、空间分布特征以及组成结构,并通过结构组成进行来源解析。结果表明,2011~2014年该海域沉积物中PAHs处于中度污染水平,平均含量及其标准偏差分别为(116.03±15.26)×10~(-9)、(106.59±13.90)×10~(-9)、(129.05±14.37)×10~(-9)、(106.10±10.43)×10~(-9)。空间分布上,PAHs高值区主要集中于长江口以及舟山海域附近,近岸区域高于远岸区域,远岸区有个别相对高值区。单体PAH中,菲的含量最高,环数主要分布在3~5环,以高分子量为主;来源解析结果表明污染源主要是煤、木柴和生物质的燃烧,部分站位同时受到石油源影响。
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) surface sediment samples were collected from the Pan Hangzhou Bay at 36 sites from 2011 to 2014. The concentration level,spatial distribution,composition structure and possible sources of PAHs were investigated. The results implied that the survey sea area was at a moderate PAHs pollution level with average concentrations of( 116. 03 ± 15. 26) × 10~(-9) ,( 106. 59 ± 13. 90) × 10~(-9) ,( 129. 05 ± 14. 37) × 10~(-9) and( 106. 10 ± 10. 43) × 10~(-9) in sequence by year. The distribution of PAHs level showed a decrease trend from inshore to offshore with high patches mainly located around the Yangtze River Estuary and the Zhoushan Coast. Phenanthrene dominated in concentration out of the 16 priority PAHs and the proportion of 3 ~ 5 rings-PAHs was much high. The source analysis implied that PAHs were mainly from the combustion of coal,wood and biomass,with some stations affected by oil leakage.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) surface sediment samples were collected from the Pan Hangzhou Bay at 36 sites from 2011 to 2014. The concentration level,spatial distribution,composition structure and possible sources of PAHs were investigated. The results implied that the survey sea area was at a moderate PAHs pollution level with average concentrations of( 116. 03 ± 15. 26) × 10~(-9) ,( 106. 59 ± 13. 90) × 10~(-9) ,( 129. 05 ± 14. 37) × 10~(-9) and( 106. 10 ± 10. 43) × 10~(-9) in sequence by year. The distribution of PAHs level showed a decrease trend from inshore to offshore with high patches mainly located around the Yangtze River Estuary and the Zhoushan Coast. Phenanthrene dominated in concentration out of the 16 priority PAHs and the proportion of 3 ~ 5 rings-PAHs was much high. The source analysis implied that PAHs were mainly from the combustion of coal,wood and biomass,with some stations affected by oil leakage.
引文
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[21]程启明,黄青,廖祯妮,等.厦门杏林湾水系表层沉积物中PAHs分析与风险评估[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):179-185.
[22]BASTAMI K D,AFKHAMI M,EHSANPOUR M,et al.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the coastal water,surface sediment and mullet Liza klunzingeri from northern part of Hormuz strait(Persian Gulf)[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2013,76(1/2):411-416.
[23]周涛,韩彬,刘新民,等.南中国海海水中多环芳烃的分布特征及源分析[J].海洋科学,2014,38(8):39-45.
[24]WANG X C,SUN S,MA H Q,et al.Sources and distribution of aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in sediments of Jiaozhou Bay,Qingdao,China[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2006,52(2):129-138.
[25]李加付,刘少鹏,刘相敏,等.渤海及邻近海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃的来源解析[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(3):337\342,353.
[26]孙玉川,沈立成,袁道先.表层岩溶泉水中多环芳烃污染特征及来源解析[J].环境科学,2014,35(6):2091-2098.
[27]YUNKER M B,MACDONALD R W,VINGARZAN R,et al.PAHs in the Fraser River basin:a critical appraisal of PAH ratios as indicators of PAH source and composition[J].Organic Geochemistry,2002,33(4):489-515.
[2]AN T C,QIAO M,LI G Y,et al.Distribution,sources,and potential toxicological significance of PAHs in drinking water sources within the Pearl River Delta[J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2011,13(5):1457-1463.
[3]陈威,王金波,孟庆庆.浅谈持久性有机物的特性、危害及对策[J].环境科学与管理,2009,34(7):37-38,46.
[4]MAIOLI O L G,RODRIGUES K C,KNOPPERS B A,et al.Distribution and sources of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in suspended particulate matter in water from two Brazilian estuarine systems[J].Continental Shelf Research,2011,31(10):1116-1127.
[5]HU L M,GUO Z G,Shi X F,et al.Temporal trends of aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the Bohai Sea,China:evidence from the sedimentary record[J].Organic Geochemistry,2011,42(10):1181-1193.
[6]戴国华,刘新会.影响沉积物-水界面持久性有机污染物迁移行为的因素研究[J].环境化学,2011,30(1):224-230.
[7]丘耀文,周俊良,MASKAOUI K,等.大亚湾海域水体和沉积物中多环芳烃分布及其生态危害评价[J].热带海洋学报,2004,23(4):72-80.
[8]胡国成,郭建阳,罗孝俊,等.白洋淀表层沉积物中多环芳烃的含量、分布、来源及生态风险评价[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(3):321-326.
[9]PERRA G,POZO K,GUERRANTI C,et al.Levels and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in superficial sediment from 15 Italian marine protected areas(MPA)[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2011,62(4):874-877.
[10]YIM U H,HONG S H,SHIM W J,et al.Spatio-temporal distribution and characteristics of PAHs in sediments from Masan Bay,Korea[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2005,50(3):319-326.
[11]国文,薛文平,姚文君,等.渤海表层沉积物中多环芳烃赋存特征及来源分析[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(3):330-336.
[12]母清林,方杰,邵君波,等.长江口及浙江近岸海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃分布、来源与风险评价[J].环境科学,2015,36(3):839-846.
[13]罗孝俊,陈社军,麦碧娴,等.珠江三角洲地区水体表层沉积物中多环芳烃的来源、迁移及生态风险评价[J].生态毒理学报,2006,1(1):17-24.
[14]林田,方引,陈颖军,等.东海内陆架沉积物中黑碳分布及其与持久性有机污染物的相关性研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(7):2335-2340.
[15]方杰,王凯雄.气相色谱-离子阱质谱法测定海洋贝类中多残留有机氯农药、多氯联苯和多环芳烃[J].分析化学,2007,35(11):1607-1613.
[16]BAUMARD P,BUDZINSKI H,GARRIGUES P.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments and mussels of the western Mediterranean Sea[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,1998,17(5):765-776.
[17]黄国培,陈颖军,林田,等.渤海湾潮间带表层沉积物中多环芳烃的含量分布和生态风险[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(11):1856-1863.
[18]CHEN C W,CHEN C F.Distribution,origin,and potential toxicological significance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in sediments of Kaohsiung harbor,Taiwan[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2011,63(5/6/7/8/9/10/11/12):417-423.
[19]江敏,TUAN H L,梅卫平,等.舟山近海水体和沉积物中多环芳烃分布特征[J].环境科学,2014,35(7):2672-2679.
[20]晁敏,伦凤霞,沈新强.长江口南支表层沉积物中多环芳烃分布特征及生态风险[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(1):79-83.
[21]程启明,黄青,廖祯妮,等.厦门杏林湾水系表层沉积物中PAHs分析与风险评估[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):179-185.
[22]BASTAMI K D,AFKHAMI M,EHSANPOUR M,et al.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the coastal water,surface sediment and mullet Liza klunzingeri from northern part of Hormuz strait(Persian Gulf)[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2013,76(1/2):411-416.
[23]周涛,韩彬,刘新民,等.南中国海海水中多环芳烃的分布特征及源分析[J].海洋科学,2014,38(8):39-45.
[24]WANG X C,SUN S,MA H Q,et al.Sources and distribution of aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in sediments of Jiaozhou Bay,Qingdao,China[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2006,52(2):129-138.
[25]李加付,刘少鹏,刘相敏,等.渤海及邻近海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃的来源解析[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(3):337\342,353.
[26]孙玉川,沈立成,袁道先.表层岩溶泉水中多环芳烃污染特征及来源解析[J].环境科学,2014,35(6):2091-2098.
[27]YUNKER M B,MACDONALD R W,VINGARZAN R,et al.PAHs in the Fraser River basin:a critical appraisal of PAH ratios as indicators of PAH source and composition[J].Organic Geochemistry,2002,33(4):489-515.