RGB三通道衍射望远镜光学成像系统设计
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摘要
基于目前研究较热的大口径衍射望远镜技术,提出一种在可见光范围内进行成像的衍射望远镜光学系统方案。该方案解决了目前衍射望远镜存在的成像频谱范围较窄的问题,可以在可见光范围内获取彩色图像,设计方法是将衍射元件沿径向分为3个通道,分别对R、G、B三个颜色通道进行成像,每个通道的成像带宽为40 nm,通过控制系统参数使3个通道的像在像面处重合,获取彩色图像。设计了基于25 m口径衍射主镜的三通道望远镜光学系统,并对该系统进行建模仿真,仿真结果与设计理论相符。该方案可以增加成像的频谱范围,其像面光斑具有与单通道系统像面光斑近乎相同的主瓣宽度。
Based on the large aperture diffraction telescope which is currently being studied, a scheme of optical system for diffraction telescope imaging in visible light range was proposed. The scheme solves the problem of narrow imaging spectrum existing in the current diffraction telescope and can obtain color images in the light range. The specific design methods are as follows: the diffraction elements are dividing into three channels along the radial direction, and the information of three color channels of R, G and B are imaged respectively,the imaging bandwidth of each channel is 40 nm;then by controlling the system parameters, the images of the three channels can coincide at the image plane and are acquired by the image sensor. A three-channel telescope optical system based on 25 m aperture diffraction primary mirror was designed and simulated. The simulation results agree with the design theory. The scheme can increase the spectral range of the system, and can get the same main lobe width as that of the single channel system.
Based on the large aperture diffraction telescope which is currently being studied, a scheme of optical system for diffraction telescope imaging in visible light range was proposed. The scheme solves the problem of narrow imaging spectrum existing in the current diffraction telescope and can obtain color images in the light range. The specific design methods are as follows: the diffraction elements are dividing into three channels along the radial direction, and the information of three color channels of R, G and B are imaged respectively,the imaging bandwidth of each channel is 40 nm;then by controlling the system parameters, the images of the three channels can coincide at the image plane and are acquired by the image sensor. A three-channel telescope optical system based on 25 m aperture diffraction primary mirror was designed and simulated. The simulation results agree with the design theory. The scheme can increase the spectral range of the system, and can get the same main lobe width as that of the single channel system.
引文
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[2] ANDERSEN G,TULLSON D.Photon sieve telescope[J].SPIE,2006,6265:626523-1-8.
[3] PAUL A,CHRIS S,JEANETTE D,et al.MOIRE-initial demonstration of a transmissive diffractive membrane optic for large lightweight optical telescopes[J].SPIE,2012,8442:844221-1-14.
[4] DEBA P,ETCHETO P,DUCHON P.Preparing the way to space borne Fresnel imagers[J].Experimental Astronomy,2011,30:123-136.
[5] ZHANG Wanyi.Athermalization design of infrared refractive-diffractive telephoto objective[J].Journal of Applied Optics,2017,38(1):12-18.张婉怡.红外折衍混合摄远光学系统无热化设计[J].应用光学,2017,38(1):12-18.
[6] ZUO Yudi,JIN Guang,LI Zongxuan,et al.Design of the spontaneous deployable structure for space diffractive telescope[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2017,46(12):1218001-1-7.左玉弟,金光,李宗轩,等.空间衍射望远镜自展开结构设计[J].红外与激光工程,2017,46(12):1218001-1-7.
[7] ZHENG Yaohui,RUAN Ping,CAO Shang.Deployable structure design and analysis for space membrane diffractive telescope[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2016,45(1):0118004-1-5.郑耀辉,阮萍,曹尚.空间薄膜衍射望远镜展开结构设计与分析[J].红外与激光工程,2016,45(1):0118004-1-5.
[8] WANG Ruoqiu,ZHANG Zhiyu,XUE Donglin,et al.Large-diameter high-efficiency diffractive Fresnel membrane elements for space telescope[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2017,46(9):0920001-1-8.王若秋,张志宇,薛栋林,等.用于空间望远镜的大口径高衍射效率薄膜薄膜菲涅尔衍射元件[J].红外与激光工程,2017,46(9):0920001-1-8.
[9] ZHANG Jian,LI Mengjuan,YIN Ganghua,et al.Large-diameter membrane Fresnel diffraction elements for space telescope[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2016,24(6):1289-1296.张健,栗孟娟,阴刚化,等.用于太空望远镜的大口径薄膜菲涅尔衍射元件[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(6):1289-1296.
[10] BARTON I M,BRITTEN J A ,DIXIT S N,et al.Fabrication of large-aperture lightweight diffractive lenses for use in space[J].Applied Optics,2001,40(4):447-451.
[11] BRITTEN J A,DIXIT S N,DEBRUYCKERE M,et al.Large-aperture fast multilevel Fresnel zone lenses in glass and ultrathin polymer films for visible and near-infrared imaging applications[J].Applied Optics,2014,53(11):2312-2316.
[12] TANDY W D,COPP T,CAMPBELL L,et al.MOIRE gossamer space telescope-membrane analysis[C].Proceeding of the 55th Structures,Structural Dynamics,and Material Conference.Maryland:AIAA,2014.
[13] FAKLIS D,MORRIS G M.Spectral properties of multiorder diffractive lenses[J].Applied Optics,1995,34(14):2462-2468.
[14] SWEENEY D W,SOMMARGREN G E.Harmonic diffractive lenses[J].Applied Optics,1995,34(14):2469-2475.
[15] CEGLIO N M,HAWRYLUK A M,LONDON R A,et al.Broadband diffractive lens[C].US:OSA,1991.
[16] LIU Zhiqiang,SONG Qinghe,LIU Chao,et al.Fresnel diffraction calculation with virtual light wave field and its application[J].Journal of Applied Optics,2018,39(2):196-199.刘志强,宋庆和,刘超,等.基于虚拟光波场的菲涅尔衍射计算及应用研究[J].应用光学,2018,39(2):196-199.