基于竞争优势模型的国内航空货运发展探讨
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摘要
航空货运占比逐年下滑,呈现出被边缘化趋势。究其原因,既有市场需求和竞争方面的因素,更有航空企业"重客轻货"投入不足等经营战略问题。从市场机会与政府扶持政策来看,航空货运发展很有潜力,但也存在较大的不确定性。为提升我国航空货运竞争力,各参与主体如航空公司、机场等要明确货运发展定位,培养货运市场,完善货运配套设施;相关部门要通力协作,推进多式联运,为联运的无缝隙对接提供政策保障;延伸航空货运价值链,增加主体企业收益。
The proportion of air freight has been declined in recent years. It appears marginal tendency. The reasons for that are market demand,competition and"paying more attention to passengers but less to air carriers". From the point of view of market opportunities and government support policy,air freight development is promising,but great uncertainty also exists. In order to enhance the competitiveness of air freight,all the players,such as airlines and airports,should,first,clarify the position of air freight,cultivate more market for that,and perfect the supporting system for that;second,they should promote the development of multi-model transportation with the help of related development;and third,they should extend the value chain of air freight,and increase the benefit of enterprises who are the main players of air freight.
The proportion of air freight has been declined in recent years. It appears marginal tendency. The reasons for that are market demand,competition and"paying more attention to passengers but less to air carriers". From the point of view of market opportunities and government support policy,air freight development is promising,but great uncertainty also exists. In order to enhance the competitiveness of air freight,all the players,such as airlines and airports,should,first,clarify the position of air freight,cultivate more market for that,and perfect the supporting system for that;second,they should promote the development of multi-model transportation with the help of related development;and third,they should extend the value chain of air freight,and increase the benefit of enterprises who are the main players of air freight.
引文
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[2]文军.基于灰色马尔可夫链模型的航空货运量预测研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2010,34(4):695-698.
[3]方文清,常磊.航空货物运量分形预测及R/S分析[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2010,8(1):65-69.
[4]赵炎,姜大立,陈杨.国内航空货运企业发展模式SWOT分析[J].中国储运,2010(6):102-104.
[5]吴颂华.电商时代的航空货运发展模式之变[J].空运商务,2013(4):58-62.
[6]党亚茹,孟彩红.经济视角下的航空货运网络结构分析[J].中国民航学院学报,2012,30(1):50-55.
[7]亚当·斯密.国富论[M].郭大力,王亚南,译.北京:商务印书馆,2014:520-533.
[8]大卫·李嘉图.政治经济学及赋税原理[M].周洁,译.北京:华夏出版社,2005:92-103.
[9]奥林.地区间贸易和国际贸易[M].王继祖,等译.北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2001:201-223.
[10]菲利普·科特勒.营销管理[M].梅汝和,等译.上海:上海人民出版社,1999:53-60.
[11]迈克尔·波特.竞争战略[M].陈小悦,译.北京:华夏出版社,1997:73-86、87-93.
[12]Prahalad C.K.,Hamel G.The Core Competence of the Corporation[J].Harvard Business Review,1990,68(3):79-91.
[13]Andrews K.R.The Concept of Corporate Strategy[M].Homewood:Richard D.Irwin,1971:73-90.
[14]Teece D J,Pisano G,Shuen A.Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management[J].Strategic Management Journal,1997,18(7):509-533.
[15]李海舰,聂辉华.企业的竞争优势来源及其战略选择[J].中国工业经济,2002(9):5-13.
[16]杨瑞龙,刘刚.企业的异质性假设和企业竞争优势的内生性分析[J].中国工业经济,2002,4(1):88-95.
[17]钟波兰,李芙蓉.基于核心竞争力的航空物流企业资源整合[J].商业研究,2011(1):200-204.
[18]中国交通年鉴编委会.中国交通年鉴2013[M].北京:中国交通年鉴社,2013:706.
[19]中国民航年刊编辑部.中国民航年刊(2013年度)[M].北京:中国民航出版社,2014:72-75.